Factors Associated with Recovery in Aboriginal People in Canada Who Had Previously Been Suicidal

REFERENCES

• Alcántara, C., & Gone, J. P. (2007). Reviewing suicide in native American communities: Situating risk and protective factors within a transactional–ecological framework. Death Studies, 31(5), 457–477. doi:10.1080/07481180701244587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ames, M. E., Rawana, J. S., Gentile, P., & Morgan, A. S. (2015). The protective role of optimism and self-esteem on depressive symptom pathways among Canadian aboriginal youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(1), 142–154. doi:10.1007/s10964-013-0016-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baiden, P., & Fuller-Thomson, E. (2016). Factors associated with achieving complete mental health among individuals with lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 46(4), 427–446. doi:10.1111/sltb.12230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, F. M. (1994). Suicide among ethnic minority elderly: A statistical and psychosocial perspective. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(2), 241–264.
   Google Scholar
• Bombay, A., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2009). Intergenerational trauma: Convergence of multiple processes among First Nations peoples in Canada. International Journal of Indigenous Health, 5(3), 6–47.
   Google Scholar
• Boothroyd, L. J., Kirmayer, L. J., Spreng, S., Malus, M., & Hodgins, S. (2001). Completed suicides among the Inuit of northern Quebec, 1982–1996: A case-control study. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne, 165(6), 749–755.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borges, G., Angst, J., Nock, M. K., Ruscio, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2008). Risk factors for the incidence and persistence of suicide-related outcomes: A 10-year follow-up study using the national comorbidity surveys. Journal of Affective Disorders, 105(1–3), 25–33. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brockie, T. N., Dana-Sacco, G., Wallen, G. R., Wilcox, H. C., & Campbell, J. C. (2015). The relationship of adverse childhood experiences to PTSD, depression, poly-drug use and suicide attempt in reservation-based Native American adolescents and young adults. American Journal of Community Psychology, 55(3-4), 411–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Budinski, R., & Langlet, E. (2015). Aboriginal peoples survey 2012: User's guide to the Public Use. microdata file (PUMF). Unpublished manuscript. Retrieved February 8th 2017, Retrieved from http://odesi1.scholarsportal.info/documentation/aps2012/APS2012ENgid.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Bush, M., & General, R. D. (2007). Canadian community health survey, cycle 2.2, nutrition (2004): Income-related household food security in Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Cloutier, E., & Langlet, É. (2014). Aboriginal peoples survey, 2012: Concepts and methods guide. Ottawa, Ontario: Statistics Canada: Social and Aboriginal Statistics Division.
   Google Scholar
• Cutcliffe, J. R. (2005). Toward an understanding of suicide in first-nation Canadians. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 26(3), 141. doi:10.1027/0227-5910.26.3.141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeBoer, T., Distasio, J., Isaak, C. A., Roos, L. E., Bolton, S.-L., Medved, M., … Sareen, J. (2015). What are the predictors of volatile substance use in an urban community of adults who are homeless? Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 34(2), 37–51. doi:10.7870/cjcmh-2015-003
   Google Scholar
• Dion, J., Cantinotti, M., Ross, A., & Collin-Vézina, D. (2015). Sexual abuse, residential schooling and probable pathological gambling among indigenous peoples. Child Abuse & Neglect, 44, 56–65. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.03.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elias, B., Mignone, J., Hall, M., Hong, S. P., Hart, L., & Sareen, J. (2012). Trauma and suicide behaviour histories among a Canadian indigenous population: An empirical exploration of the potential role of Canada's residential school system. Social Science & Medicine, 74(10), 1560–1569. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.01.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC). (2012). First nations regional health survey (RHS) 2008–10. National Report on Adults, Youth and Children Living in First Nations Communities.
   Google Scholar
• Freedenthal, S., & Stiffman, A. R. (2004). Suicidal behavior in urban American Indian adolescents: A comparison with reservation youth in a southwestern state. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 34(2), 160–171. doi:10.1521/suli.34.2.160.32789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller-Thomson, E., Carroll, S. Z., & Yang, W. (2017). Suicide attempts among individuals with specific learning disorders: An underrecognized issue. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 51(3), 283–292.
   Google Scholar
• Fuller-Thomson, E., West, K. J., & Baiden, P. (2019). The tide does turn: Predictors of remission from suicidal ideation and attempt among canadians who previously attempted suicide. Psychiatry Research, 274, 313–321. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunnell, D., Harbord, R., Singleton, N., Jenkins, R., & Lewis, G. (2004). Factors influencing the development and amelioration of suicidal thoughts in the general population. Cohort study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185(5), 385–393. doi:185/5/385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagedoorn, M., Van Yperen, N. W., Coyne, J. C., van Jaarsveld, C. H., Ranchor, A. V., van Sonderen, E., & Sanderman, R. (2006). Does marriage protect older people from distress? The role of equity and recency of bereavement. Psychology and Aging, 21(3), 611. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahs-Vaughn, D. L. (2005). A primer for using and understanding weights with national datasets. The Journal of Experimental Education, 73(3), 221–248. doi:10.3200/JEXE.73.3.221-248
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallett, D., Chandler, M. J., & Lalonde, C. E. (2007). Aboriginal language knowledge and youth suicide. Cognitive Development, 22(3), 392–399. doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2007.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hovey, J. D., Hurtado, G., Morales, L. R., & Seligman, L. D. (2014). Religion-based emotional social support mediates the relationship between intrinsic religiosity and mental health. Archives of Suicide Research, 18(4), 376–391. doi:10.1080/13811118.2013.833149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huntington, D. D., & Bender, W. N. (1993). Adolescents with learning disabilities at risk? Emotional well-being, depression, suicide. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 26(3), 159–166. doi:10.1177/002221949302600303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keyes, C. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 207–222. doi:10.2307/3090197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, M., Smith, A., & Gracey, M. (2009). Indigenous health part 2: The underlying causes of the health gap. Lancet (London, England), 374(9683), 76–85. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60827-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirmayer, L. J. (1994). Suicide among Canadian aboriginal peoples. Transcultural Psychiatry, 31(1), 3–58. doi:10.1177/136346159403100101
   Google Scholar
• Kirmayer, L. J., Boothroyd, L. J., Laliberté, A., & Simpson, B. L. (1999). Suicide prevention and mental health promotion in first nations and Inuit communities. Culture and mental health research unit report.
   Google Scholar
• Kirmayer, L. J., Brass, G. M., Holton, T., Paul, K., Simpson, C., & Tait, C. L. (2007). Suicide among aboriginal people in Canada: Prepared for the aboriginal healing foundation. Ottawa, Canada: Aboriginal Healing Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Koenig, H. G. (2013). Spirituality in patient care: Why, how, when, and what. West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Foundation Press.
   Google Scholar
• Koenig, H., King, D., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kposowa, A. J. (2000). Marital status and suicide in the national longitudinal mortality study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 54(4), 254–261. doi:10.1136/jech.54.4.254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, M. B. (2016). Lifetime suicidal thoughts among first nations living off reserve, Métis and Inuit aged 26 to 59: Prevalence and associated characteristics Statistics Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, M. B., Walls, M., Janz, T., Hutchinson, P., Turner, T., & Graham, C. (2012). Suicidal ideation among Métis adult men and women–associated risk and protective factors: Findings from a nationally representative survey. International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 71(1), 18829. doi:10.3402/ijch.v71i0.18829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laliberté, A., & Tousignant, M. (2009). Alcohol and other contextual factors of suicide in four aboriginal communities of quebec, canada. Crisis, 30(4), 215–221. doi:10.1027/0227-5910.30.4.215
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leenaars, A. A. (2006). Suicide among indigenous peoples: Introduction and call to action. Archives of Suicide Research, 10(2), 103–115. doi:10.1080/13811110600556624
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lemstra, M., Rogers, M., Moraros, J., & Grant, E. (2013). Risk indicators of suicide ideation among on-reserve first nations youth. Paediatrics & Child Health, 18(1), 15–20. doi:10.1093/pch/18.1.15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, G., & Sloggett, A. (1998). Suicide, deprivation, and unemployment: Record linkage study. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 317(7168), 1283–1286. doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7168.1283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacNeil, M. S. (2008). An epidemiologic study of aboriginal adolescent risk in Canada: The meaning of suicide. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 21(1), 3–12. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6171.2008.00117.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Malchy, B., Enns, M. W., Young, T. K., & Cox, B. J. (1997). Suicide among Manitoba’s aboriginal people, 1988 to 1994. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne, 156(8), 1133–1138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaren, S., Gomez, R., Gill, P., & Chesler, J. (2015). Marital status and suicidal ideation among Australian older adults: The mediating role of sense of belonging. International Psychogeriatrics, 27(1), 145–154. doi:10.1017/S1041610214001501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McQuaid, R. J., Bombay, A., McInnis, O. A., Humeny, C., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2017). Suicide ideation and attempts among first nations peoples living on-reserve in Canada: The intergenerational and cumulative effects of Indian residential schools. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 62(6), 422–430.
   Google Scholar
• Middlebrook, D. L., LeMaster, P. L., Beals, J., Novins, D. K., & Manson, S. M. (2001). Suicide prevention in American Indian and Alaska native communities: A critical review of programs. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 31(Supplement to Issue 1), 132–149. doi:10.1521/suli.31.1.5.132.24225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mignone, J., & O'Neil, J. (2005). Social capital and youth suicide risk factors in first nations communities. Canadian Journal of Public Health/Revue Canadienne De Sante'E Publique, 96, S51–S54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, M., & Crooks, C. (2015). Structural and cultural factors in suicide prevention: The contrast between mainstream and inuit approaches to understanding and preventing suicide. Journal of Social Work Practice, 29(3), 321–338. doi:10.1080/02650533.2015.1050655
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissette, P. J. (1994). The holocaust of first nation people: Residual effects on parenting and treatment implications. Contemporary Family Therapy, 16(5), 381–392. doi:10.1007/BF02197900
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mota, N., Elias, B., Tefft, B., Medved, M., Munro, G., & Sareen, J. (2012). Correlates of suicidality: Investigation of a representative sample of Manitoba first nations adolescents. American Journal of Public Health, 102(7), 1353–1361. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mundt, J. C., Greist, J. H., Jefferson, J. W., Federico, M., Mann, J. J., & Posner, K. (2013). Prediction of suicidal behavior in clinical research by lifetime suicidal ideation and behavior ascertained by the electronic columbia-suicide severity rating scale. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 74(09), 887–893. doi:10.4088/JCP.13m08398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers, D. G. (2012). Religious engagement and well-being. In S. A. David, I. Boniwell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), The oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 88–100). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, S. E., & Wilson, K. (2017). The mental health of indigenous peoples in Canada: A critical review of research. Social Science & Medicine, 176, 93–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nock, M. K., & Favazza, A. R. (2009). Nonsuicidal self-injury: Definition and classification. M. K. Nock (Ed.), Understanding nonsuicidal self-injury: Origins, assessment, and treatment (pp. 9–18). Washington, DC. American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, J. A., & Hempstead, K. (2017). Differences in US suicide rates by educational attainment. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 53(4), e123–e130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond, C. A., Ross, N. A., & Egeland, G. M. (2007). Social support and thriving health: A new approach to understanding the health of indigenous Canadians. American Journal of Public Health, 97(10), 1827–1833. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.096917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross, A., Dion, J., Cantinotti, M., Collin-Vézina, D., & Paquette, L. (2015). Impact of residential schooling and of child abuse on substance use problem in indigenous peoples. Addictive Behaviors, 51, 184–192. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.07.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrijvers, D. L., Bollen, J., & Sabbe, B. G. (2012). The gender paradox in suicidal behavior and its impact on the suicidal process. Journal of Affective Disorders, 138(1–2), 19–26. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.03.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2017). Health fact sheets: The 10 leading causes of death, 2013. Retrieved from https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-625-x/2017001/article/14776-eng.htm
   Google Scholar
• Tjepkema, M., Wilkins, R., Senécal, S., Guimond, É., & Penney, C. (2009). Mortality of Métis and registered Indian adults in Canada: An 11-year follow-up study. Health Reports, 20(4), 31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wexler, L., Chandler, M., Gone, J. P., Cwik, M., Kirmayer, L. J., LaFromboise, T., ... Allen, J. (2015). Advancing suicide prevention research with rural American Indian and Alaska Native populations. American Journal of Public Health, 105(5), 891–899.
   Google Scholar
• Willows, N., Veugelers, P., Raine, K., & Kuhle, S. (2011). Associations between household food insecurity and health outcomes in the aboriginal population (excluding reserves). Health Reports, 22(2), 15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar