trans-Chalcone inhibits transforming growth factor-β1 and connective tissue growth factor-dependent collagen expression in the heart of high-fat diet-fed rats

References

• An, Z., et al., 2017. Biomarkers in patients with myocardial fibrosis. Open life sciences, 12 (1), 337–344.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Annapurna, A., et al., 2012. Cardioprotective activity of chalcones in ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. Experimental and clinical cardiology, 17 (3), 110–114.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Asghari, S., et al., 2018. Effects of pharmacologic dose of resveratrol supplementation on oxidative/antioxidative status biomarkers in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 8 (2), 307–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biernacka, A., Dobaczewski, M., and Frangogiannis, N.G., 2011. TGF-β signalling in fibrosis. Growth factors, 29 (5), 196–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavalera, M., Wang, J., and Frangogiannis, N.G., 2014. Obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and cardiac fibrosis: pathophysiological pathways, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities. Translational research, 164 (4), 323–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, M.M., et al., 2000. CTGF expression is induced by TGF- β in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiac myocytes: a potential role in heart fibrosis. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 32 (10), 1805–1819.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, J.C., et al., 2015. TGF-β1 up-regulates connective tissue growth factor expression in human granulosa cells through smad and ERK1/2 signalling pathways. PLoS one, 10 (5), e0126532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czarzasta, K., et al., 2018. The effects of a high-fat diet on left ventricular fibrosis. Kardiologia polska, 76, 802–804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniels, A., et al., 2009. Connective tissue growth factor and cardiac fibrosis. Acta physiologica, 195 (3), 321–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobaczewski, M., Chen, W., and Frangogiannis, N.G., 2011. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signalling in cardiac remodeling. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 51 (4), 600–606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorn, L.E., et al., 2018. CTGF/CCN2 is an autocrine regulator of cardiac fibrosis. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 121, 205–211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gholami, H., et al., 2017. Transient congenital hypothyroidism alters gene expression of glucose transporters and impairs glucose sensing apparatus in young and aged offspring rats. Cellular physiology and biochemistry, 43 (6), 2338–2352.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gyöngyösi, M., et al., 2017. Myocardial fibrosis: biomedical research from bench to bedside. European journal of heart failure, 19 (2), 177–191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gyorfi, A.H., Matei, A.E., and Distler, J.H.W., 2018. Targeting TGF-beta signalling for the treatment of fibrosis. Matrix biology, 68–69, 8–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, F., et al., 2019. Metformin inhibits the expression of biomarkers of fibrosis of EPCs in vitro. Stem cells international, 2019, 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jalalvand, F., et al., 2015. Acarbose versus trans-chalcone: comparing the effect of two glycosidase inhibitors on obese mice. Archives of endocrinology and metabolism, 59 (3), 202–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jugdutt, B.I., 2003. Ventricular remodeling after infarction and the extracellular collagen matrix: when is enough enough? Circulation, 108 (11), 1395–1403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimi-Sales, E., Ebrahimi-Kalan, A., and Alipour, M.R., 2019. Preventive effect of trans-chalcone on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: improvement of hepatic lipid metabolism. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, 109, 1306–1312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimi-Sales, E., et al., 2018a. Trans-chalcone enhances insulin sensitivity through the miR-34a/SIRT1 pathway. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 21 (4), 359–363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimi-Sales, E., et al., 2018b. trans-Chalcone prevents insulin resistance and hepatic inflammation and also promotes hepatic cholesterol efflux in high-fat diet-fed rats: modulation of miR-34a-, miR-451-, and miR-33a-related pathways. Food & function, 9 (8), 4292–4298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimi-Sales, E., Mohaddes, G., and Alipour, M.R., 2018c. Chalcones as putative hepatoprotective agents: preclinical evidence and molecular mechanisms. Pharmacological research, 129, 177–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khavasi, N., et al., 2017. Effect of daily caper fruit pickle consumption on disease regression in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 7 (4), 645–650.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kong, P., Christia, P., and Frangogiannis, N.G., 2014. The pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. Cellular and molecular life sciences, 71 (4), 549–574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leask, A., 2010. Potential therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis: TGFbeta, angiotensin, endothelin, CCN2, and PDGF, partners in fibroblast activation. Circulation research, 106 (11), 1675–1680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahapatra, D.K. and Bharti, S.K., 2016. Therapeutic potential of chalcones as cardiovascular agents. Life sciences, 148, 154–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangi, M.A., et al., 2017. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease association with cardiac arrhythmias. Cureus, 9 (4), e1165–e1165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng, X.M., Nikolic-Paterson, D.J., and Lan, H.Y., 2016. TGF-β: the master regulator of fibrosis. Nature reviews nephrology, 12 (6), 325–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najafian, M., et al., 2010. Core structure of flavonoids precursor as an antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic agent: an in vivo study in rats. Acta biochimica polonica, 57 (4), 553–560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perbal, B., 2004. CCN proteins: multifunctional signalling regulators. The Lancet, 363 (9402), 62–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perumpail, B.J., et al., 2017. Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World journal of gastroenterology, 23 (47), 8263–8276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, M.A., 2011. Chalcone: a valuable insight into the recent advances and potential pharmacological activities. Chemical sciences journal, 2, CSJ–C29.
   Google Scholar
• Sahraoui, A., et al., 2016. Myocardial structural and biological anomalies induced by high fat diet in Psammomys obesus gerbils. PLoS one, 11 (2), e0148117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samarakoon, R., Overstreet, J.M., and Higgins, P.J., 2013. TGF-β signalling in tissue fibrosis: redox controls, target genes and therapeutic opportunities. Cellular signalling, 25 (1), 264–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shojaei Zarghani, S., et al., 2018. The eeffect of metformin combined with calcium-vitamin D3 against diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 8 (1), 97–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, D.C.T.D., et al., 2014. Influence of term of exposure to high-fat diet-induced obesity on myocardial collagen type I and III. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 102 (2), 157–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, H., Sidhu, S., and Khan, M., 2016. Free radical scavenging property of β-aescin and trans-chalcone: in vitro study. European journal pharmaceutical and medical research, 3, 309–312.
   Google Scholar
• Sookoian, S. and Pirola, C.J., 2008. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review. Journal of hepatology, 49 (4), 600–607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Targher, G., et al., 2005. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of future cardiovascular events among type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes, 54 (12), 3541–3546.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Targher, G., Day, C.P., and Bonora, E., 2010. Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. New England journal of medicine, 363 (14), 1341–1350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X., et al., 2010. Regulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors by CCN2/CTGF in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Journal of cell communication and signaling, 4 (1), 15–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, S., et al., 2018. A high-fat and high-cholesterol diet induces cardiac fibrosis, vascular endothelial, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in SHRSP5/Dmcr rats. Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 25 (5), 439–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, S., et al., 2005. Regulation of TGF-β1-induced connective tissue growth factor expression in airway smooth muscle cells. American journal of physiology-lung cellular and molecular physiology, 288 (1), L68–L76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Younossi, Z.M., et al., 2013. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolically abnormal individuals are at a higher risk for mortality while metabolically normal individuals are not. Metabolism, 62 (3), 352–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng, Z., et al., 2019. Qishen granule attenuates cardiac fibrosis by regulating TGF-β/Smad3 and GSK-3β pathway. Phytomedicine, 62, 152949.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, N., et al., 2018. Therapeutic potential of polyphenols in cardiac fibrosis. Frontiers in pharmacology, 9, 122–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou, Y., et al., 2006. High-fat emulsion-induced rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Life sciences, 79 (11), 1100–1107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar