Risk- and protective factors for memory plasticity in aging

References

• Anstey, K., & Christensen, H. (2000). Education, activity, health, blood pressure and apolipoprotein E as predictors of cognitive change in old age: A review. Gerontology, 46(3), 163–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anstey, K. J., Ashby-Mitchell, K., & Peters, R. (2016). Updating the evidence on the association between serum cholesterol and risk of late-life dementia: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 56(1), 215–228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balion, C., Griffith, L. E., Strifler, L., Henderson, M., Patterson, C., Heckman, G., … Raina, P. (2012). Vitamin D, cognition, and dementia; A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology, 79(13), 1397–1405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baltes, P. B., & Kliegl, R. (1992). Further testing of limits of cognitive plasticity: Negative age differences in a mnemonic skill are robust. Developmental Psychology, 28(1), 121–125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bower, G. H. (1970). Analysis of a mnemonic device: Modern psychology uncovers the powerful components of an ancient system for improving memory. American Scientist, 58(5), 496–510.
   Google Scholar
• Brathen, A. C. S., de Lange, A. G., Rohani, D. A., Sneve, M. H., Fjell, A. M., & Walhovd, K. B. (2018). Multimodal cortical and hippocampal prediction of episodic-memory plasticity in young and older adults. Human Brain Mapping, 39(11), 4480–4492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehmer, Y., Shing, Y. L., Heekeren, H. R., Lindenberger, U., & Backman, L. (2016). Training-induced changes in subsequent-memory effects: No major differences among children, younger adults, and older adults. NeuroImage, 131, 214–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks-Wilson, A. R. (2013). Genetics of healthy aging and longevity. Human Genetics, 132(12), 1323–1338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckner, R. L. (2004). Memory and executive function in aging and AD: Multiple factors that cause decline and reserve factors that compensate. Neuron, 44(1), 195–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burki, C. N., Ludwig, C., Chicherio, C., & de Ribaupierre, A. (2014). Individual differences in cognitive plasticity: An investigation of training curves in younger and older adults. Psychological Research, 78(6), 821–835.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carretti, B., Borella, E., & De Beni, R. (2007). Does strategic memory training improve the working memory performance of younger and older adults? Experimental Psychology, 54(4), 311–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciesielska, N., Sokołowski, R., Mazur, E., Podhorecka, M., Polak-Szabela, A., & Kędziora-Kornatowska, K. (2016). Is the montreal cognitive assessment (moca) test better suited than the mini-mental state examination (mmse) in mild cognitive impairment (mci) detection among people aged over 60? meta-analysis. Psychiatr Pol, 50(5), 1039–1052. doi: 10.12740/pp/45368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowan, N., Fristoe, N. M., Elliott, E. M., Brunner, R. P., & Saults, J. S. (2006). Scope of attention, control of attention, and intelligence in children and adults. Memory & Cognition, 34(8), 1754–1768.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlin, E., Nyberg, L., Backman, L., & Neely, A. S. (2008). Plasticity of executive functioning in young and older adults: Immediate training gains, transfer, and long-term maintenance. Psychology and Aging, 23(4), 720–730.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lange, A. G., Brathen, A. C. S., Rohani, D. A., Grydeland, H., Fjell, A. M., & Walhovd, K. B. (2017). The effects of memory training on behavioral and microstructural plasticity in young and older adults. Human Brain Mapping, 38, 5666–5680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lange, A.-M. G., Bråthen, A. C. S., Grydeland, H., Sexton, C., Johansen-Berg, H., Andersson, J. L. R., … Walhovd, K. B. (2016). White matter integrity as a marker for cognitive plasticity in aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 47, 74–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Lange, A.-M. G., Bråthen, A. C. S., Rohani, D. A., Fjell, A. M., & Walhovd, K. B. (2018). The temporal dynamics of brain plasticity in aging. Cerebral Cortex, 28(5), 1857–1865. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deary, I. J., Strand, S., Smith, P., & Fernandes, C. (2007). Intelligence and educational achievement. Intelligence, 35(1), 13–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deary, I. J., Whalley, L. J., Lemmon, H., Crawford, J. R., & Starr, J. M. (2000). The stability of individual differences in mental ability from childhood to old age: Follow-up of the 1932 Scottish mental survey. Intelligence, 28(1), 49–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deary, I. J., Yang, J., Davies, G., Harris, S. E., Tenesa, A., Liewald, D., … Visscher, P. M. (2012). Genetic contributions to stability and change in intelligence from childhood to old age. Nature, 482(7384), 212–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California verbal learning test - Second Edition (CVLT - II). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Diaz-Asper, C. M., Schretlen, D. J., & Pearlson, G. D. (2004). How well does IQ predict neuropsychological test performance in normal adults? Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS, 10(1), 82–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dresler, M., Shirer, W. R., Konrad, B. N., Muller, N. C. J., Wagner, I. C., Fernandez, G., … Greicius, M. D. (2017). Mnemonic Training Reshapes Brain Networks to Support Superior Memory. Neuron, 93(5), 1227–1235.e1226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duckworth, A. L., Quinn, P. D., Lynam, D. R., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2011). Role of test motivation in intelligence testing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(19), 7716–7720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engvig, A., Fjell, A. M., Westlye, L. T., Moberget, T., Sundseth, O., Larsen, V. A., & Walhovd, K. B. (2010). Effects of memory training on cortical thickness in the elderly. NeuroImage, 52(4), 1667–1676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erickson, K. I., Gildengers, A. G., & Butters, M. A. (2013). Physical activity and brain plasticity in late adulthood. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 15(1), 99–108.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Erickson, K. I., Weinstein, A. M., & Lopez, O. L. (2012). Physical activity, brain plasticity, and Alzheimer’s disease. Archives of Medical Research, 43(8), 615–621.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrer, L. A., Cupples, L. A., Haines, J. L., Hyman, B., Kukull, W. A., Mayeux, R., … van Duijn, C. M. (1997). Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease. A meta-analysis. APOE and Alzheimer disease meta analysis consortium. Jama, 278(16), 1349–1356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, W., Yokoyama, J. S., Yu, S., Chen, Y., Cheng, Y., Bonham, L. W., … Li, C. (2015). APOE Genotype affects cognitive training response in healthy Shanghai community-dwelling elderly individuals. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 47(4), 1035–1046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fjell, A. M., & Walhovd, K. B. (2010). Structural brain changes in aging: Courses, causes and cognitive consequences. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 21(3), 187–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fountoulakis, K. N, Tsolaki, M, Chantzi, H, & Kazis, A. (2000). Mini mental state examination (mmse): A validation study in greece. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 15(6), 342–345. doi: 10.1177/153331750001500604
   Google Scholar
• Gow, A. J., Johnson, W., Pattie, A., Brett, C. E., Roberts, B., Starr, J. M., & Deary, I. J. (2011). Stability and change in intelligence from age 11 to ages 70, 79, and 87: The Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936. Psychology and Aging, 26(1), 232–240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagstromer, M., Oja, P., & Sjostrom, M. (2006). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): A study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutrition, 9(6), 755–762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herlitz, A., Nilsson, L.-G., & Bäckman, L. (1997). Gender differences in episodic memory. Memory & Cognition, 25(6), 801–811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, T. L. (2010). Omega-3 fatty acids, cognitive decline, and alzheimer's disease: A critical review and evaluation of the literature. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 21(3), 673–690. doi: 10.3233/jad-2010-090934
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hui, L., DelMonte, T., & Ranade, K. (2008). Genotyping using the TaqMan assay. Current Protocols in Human Genetics Chapter 56(1): 2.10.11-12.10.18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson, W., Deary, I. J., & Iacono, W. G. (2009). Genetic and environmental transactions underlying educational attainment. Intelligence, 37(5), 466–478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josefsson, M., de Luna, X., Pudas, S., Nilsson, L. G., & Nyberg, L. (2012). Genetic and lifestyle predictors of 15-year longitudinal change in episodic memory. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(12), 2308–2312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kivipelto, M., Ngandu, T., Fratiglioni, L., Viitanen, M., Kareholt, I., Winblad, B., … Nissinen, A. (2005). Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease. Archives of Neurology, 62(10), 1556–1560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kliegl, R., Smith, J., & Baltes, P. B. (1990). On the locus and process of magnification of age differences during mnemonic training. Developmental Psychology, 26(6), 894–904.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koch, W., Ehrenhaft, A., Griesser, K., Pfeufer, A., Müller, J., Schömig, A., & Kastrati, A. (2002). TaqMan systems for genotyping of disease-related polymorphisms present in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E. Clinical Chemistry And Laboratory Medicine : Cclm / FESCC, 40(11), 1123–1131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerche, S., Gutfreund, A., Brockmann, K., Hobert, M. A., Wurster, I., Sünkel, U., … Berg, D. (2018). Effect of physical activity on cognitive flexibility, depression and RBD in healthy elderly. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 165, 88–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livak, K. J. (1999). Allelic discrimination using fluorogenic probes and the 5’ nuclease assay. Genetic Analysis: Biomolecular Engineering, 14(5–6), 143–149.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Livingston, G., Sommerlad, A., Orgeta, V., Costafreda, S. G., Huntley, J., Ames, D., … Mukadam, N. (2017). Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. The Lancet, 390(10113), 2673–2734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Higes, R., Rodriguez-Rojo, I. C., Prados, J. M., Montejo, P., Del-Rio, D., Delgado-Losada, M. L., … Barabash, A. (2017). APOE epsilon4 modulation of training outcomes in several cognitive domains in a sample of cognitively intact older adults. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 58(4), 1201–1215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lövdén, M., Brehmer, Y., Li, S. C., & Lindenberger, U. (2012). Training-induced compensation versus magnification of individual differences in memory performance. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovden, M., Schaefer, S., Noack, H., Bodammer, N. C., Kuhn, S., Heinze, H. J., … Lindenberger, U. (2012). Spatial navigation training protects the hippocampus against age-related changes during early and late adulthood. Neurobiology of Aging, 33(3), 620.e629-620.e622.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucotte, G., Loirat, F., & Hazout, S. (1997). Pattern of gradient of apolipoprotein E allele *4 frequencies in western Europe. Human Biology, 69(2), 253–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lustig, C., Shah, P., Seidler, R., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (2009). Aging, training, and the brain: A review and future directions. Neuropsychology Review, 19(4), 504–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyketsos, C. G., Chen, L.-S., & Anthony, J. C. (1999). Cognitive decline in adulthood: An 11.5-year follow-up of the Baltimore epidemiologic catchment area study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(1), 58–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markant, J., & Amso, D. (2014). Leveling the playing field: Attention mitigates the effects of intelligence on memory. Cognition, 131(2), 195–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGurn, B., Deary, I. J., & Starr, J. M. (2008). Childhood cognitive ability and risk of late-onset Alzheimer and vascular dementia. Neurology, 71(14), 1051–1056.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mielke, M. M., Zandi, P. P., Sjogren, M., Gustafson, D., Ostling, S., Steen, B., & Skoog, I. (2005a). High total cholesterol levels in late life associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Neurology, 64(10), 1689–1695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mielke, M. M., Zandi, P. P., Sjögren, M., Gustafson, D., Östling, S., Steen, B., & Skoog, I. (2005b). High total cholesterol levels in late life associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Neurology, 64(10), 1689–1695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagai, M., Hoshide, S., Ishikawa, J., Shimada, K., & Kario, K. (2008). Ambulatory blood pressure as an independent determinant of brain atrophy and cognitive function in elderly hypertension. Journal of Hypertension, 26(8), 1636–1641.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngandu, T., Lehtisalo, J., Solomon, A., Levälahti, E., Ahtiluoto, S., Antikainen, R., … Kivipelto, M. (2015). A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): A randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 385(9984), 2255–2263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyberg, L., Lövdén, M., Riklund, K., Lindenberger, U., & Bäckman, L. (2012). Memory aging and brain maintenance. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(5), 292–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyberg, L., Sandblom, J., Jones, S., Neely, A. S., Petersson, K. M., Ingvar, M., & Backman, L. (2003). Neural correlates of training-related memory improvement in adulthood and aging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(23), 13728–13733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podcasy, J. L., & Epperson, C. N. (2016). Considering sex and gender in Alzheimer disease and other dementias. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 18(4), 437–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polito, L., Abbondanza, S., Vaccaro, R., Valle, E., Davin, A., Degrate, A., … Guaita, A. (2015). Cognitive stimulation in cognitively impaired individuals and cognitively healthy individuals with a family history of dementia: Short-term results from the “Allena-Mente” randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 30(6), 631–638.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Profenno, L. A., Porsteinsson, A. P., & Faraone, S. V. (2010). Meta-analysis of Alzheimer’s disease risk with obesity diabetes, and related disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 67(6), 505–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapport, L. J., Axelrod, B. N., Theisen, M. E., Brines, D. B., Kalechstein, A. D., & Ricker, J. H. (1997). Relationship of IQ to verbal learning and memory: Test and retest. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 19(5), 655–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratcliff, R., Thapar, A., & McKoon, G. (2011). Effects of aging and IQ on item and associative memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 140(3), 464–487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raz, N., & Rodrigue, K. M. (2006). Differential aging of the brain: Patterns, cognitive correlates and modifiers. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(6), 730–748.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raz, N., Rodrigue, K. M., Kennedy, K. M., & Acker, J. D. (2007). Vascular health and longitudinal changes in brain and cognition in middle-aged and older adults. Neuropsychology, 21(2), 149–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runge, S. K., Small, B. J., McFall, G. P., & Dixon, R. A. (2014). APOE moderates the association between lifestyle activities and cognitive performance: Evidence of genetic plasticity in aging. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS, 20(5), 478–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salthouse, T. A. (2003). Memory aging from 18 to 80. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 17(3), 162–167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz, K, & Grimes, D. (2002). Blinding in randomised trials: Hiding who got what. The Lancet, 359, 696–700. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07816-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon, A., Kivipelto, M., Wolozin, B., Zhou, J., & Whitmer, R. A. (2009). Midlife serum cholesterol and increased risk of Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia three decades later. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 28(1), 75–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon, A., Turunen, H., Ngandu, T., Peltonen, M., Levalahti, E., Helisalmi, S., … Kivipelto, M. (2018). Effect of the apolipoprotein E genotype on cognitive change during a multidomain lifestyle intervention: A subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurology, 75, 462.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Titova, O. E., Sjogren, P., Brooks, S. J., Kullberg, J., Ax, E., Kilander, L., … Benedict, C. (2013). Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids is linked to gray matter volume and cognitive function in elderly. Age (Dordrecht Netherlands), 35(4), 1495–1505.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tulving, E., & Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352–373.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuminello, E. R., & Han, S. D. (2011). The apolipoprotein e antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis: review and recommendations. Int J Alzheimers Dis, 2011, 726197. doi: 10.4061/2011/726197.
   Google Scholar
• Walhovd, K. B., Krogsrud, S. K., Amlien, I. K., Bartsch, H., Bjørnerud, A., Due-Tønnessen, P., … Fjell, A. M. (2016). Neurodevelopmental origins of lifespan changes in brain and cognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(33), 9357–9362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walhovd, K. B., Storsve, A. B., Westlye, L. T., Drevon, C. A., & Fjell, A. M. (2014). Blood markers of fatty acids and vitamin D, cardiovascular measures, body mass index, and physical activity relate to longitudinal cortical thinning in normal aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 35(5), 1055–1064.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wechsler, D. (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Zehnder, A. E., Blasi, S., Berres, M., Monsch, A. U., Stahelin, H. B., & Spiegel, R. (2009). Impact of APOE status on cognitive maintenance in healthy elderly persons. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(2), 132–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar