5,391
Views
58
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

Developing a cultural context for conducting a neuropsychological evaluation with a culturally diverse client: the ECLECTIC frameworkFootnote*

Pages 1356-1392 | Received 06 Aug 2017, Accepted 28 Jan 2018, Published online: 20 Feb 2018

References

  • Adeponle, A., Thombs, B., Groleau, D., Jarvis, E., & Kirmayer, L. (2012). Using the cultural formulation to resolve uncertainty in diagnoses of psychosis among ethnoculturally diverse patients. Psychiatric Services, 63, 147–153. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201100280
  • Agbayani-Siewert, P. (2004). Assumptions of Asian American similarity: The case of Filipino and Chinese American students. Social Work, 49, 39–51. doi:10.1093/sw/49.1.39
  • Agranovich, A. V., Panter, A. T., Puente, A. E., & Touradji, P. (2011). The culture of time in neuropsychological assessment: Exploring the effects of culture-specific time attitudes on timed test performance in Russian and American samples. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17, 692–701. doi:10.1017/S1355617711000592
  • Agranovich, A. V., & Puente, A. E. (2007). Do Russian and American normal adults perform similarly on neuropsychological tests?: Preliminary findings on the relationship between culture and test performance. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 273–282. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.01.003
  • Aguilar, C., Karyadi, K., Kinney, D., & Nitch, S. (2017). The use of RBANS among inpatient forensic monolingual Spanish speakers. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 32, 437–449. doi:10.1093/arclin/acx006
  • American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology Board of Directors (2007). American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN) practice guidelines for neuropsychological assessment and consultation. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 21, 209–231. doi:10.1080/13825580601025932
  • American Education Research Association, American Psychological Association, & the National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014). Standards for educational and psychological testing (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Education Research Association.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM- 5®). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publications.
  • American Psychological Association. (2010). Ethical principles of psychologists and codes of conduct. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/code-1992.aspx
  • Anastasi, A. (1992). What counselors should know about the use and interpretation of psychological tests. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70, 610–615. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1992.tb01670.x
  • Anderson, J. N. (1983). Health and illness in Pilipino immigrants. Western Journal of Medicine, 139, 811–819.
  • Ando, S., Yamaguchi, S., Aoki, Y., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Review of mental-health-related stigma in Japan. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 67, 471–482. doi:10.1111/pcn.12086
  • Andreotti, C., & Hawkins, K. A. (2015). RBANS norms based on the relationship of age, gender, education, and WRAT-3 reading to performance within an older African American sample. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 29, 442–465. doi:10.1080/13854046.2015.1039589
  • Ardila, A. (2007). The impact of culture on neuropsychological test performance. In B. Uzzell, M. Ponton, & A. Ardila (Eds.), International handbook of cross-cultural neuropsychology (pp. 23–44). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Ardila, A., Bertolucci, P., Braga, L., Castro-Caldas, A., Judd, T., Kosmidis, M., … Rosselli, M. (2010). Illiteracy: The neuropsychology of cognition without reading. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 25, 689–712. doi:10.1093/arclin/acq079
  • Ardila, A., & Moreno, S. (2001). Neuropsychological evaluation in Aruaco Indians: An exploratory study. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7, 510–515. doi:10.1017/S1355617701004076
  • Arentoft, A., Byrd, D., Monzones, J., Coulehan, K., Fuentes, A., Rosario, A., … Rivera Mindt, M. (2015). Socioeconomic status and neuropsychological functioning: Associations in an ethnically diverse HIV+ cohort. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 29, 232–254. doi:10.1080/13854046.2015.1029974
  • Arentoft, A., Byrd, D., Robbins, R. N., Monzones, J., Miranda, C., Rosario, A., … Sheynin, J. (2012). Multidimensional effects of acculturation on English-language neuropsychological test performance among HIV+ Caribbean Latinas/os. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34, 814–825. doi:10.1080/13803395.2012.683856
  • Artiola i Fortuny, L. (2008). Research and practice: Ethical issues with immigrant adults and children. In J. Morgan & J. Ricker (Eds.), Textbook of clinical neuropsychology (pp. 960–982). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
  • American Bar Association, & American Psychological Association. (2008). Assessment of older adults with diminished capacity: A handbook for psychologists. Washington, DC: Author. doi:10.1037/a0032159
  • Becker, G. (2003). Cultural expressions of bodily awareness among chronically ill Filipino Americans. The Annals of Family Medicine, 1, 113–118. doi:10.1370/afm.39
  • Bialystok, E., Luk, G., Peets, K. F., & Yang, S. (2010). Receptive vocabulary differences in monolingual and bilingual children. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 13, 525–531. doi:10.1017/S1366728909990423
  • Birman, D., & Simon, C. D. (2014). Acculturation research: Challenges, complexities, and possibilities. In F. Leong (Ed. in chief). APA handbook of multicultural psychology, volume 1: Theory and research (pp. 207–230). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.10.1037/14189-000
  • Boone, K. B., Victor, T. L., Wen, J., Razani, J., & Pontón, M. (2007). The association between neuropsychological scores and ethnicity, language, and acculturation variables in a large patient population. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 355–365. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.01.010
  • Brooks, B. L., Holdnack, J. A., & Iverson, G. L. (2011). Advanced clinical interpretation of the WAIS-IV and WMS-IV: Prevalence of low scores varies by level of intelligence and years of education. Assessment, 18, 156–167. doi:10.1177/1073191110385316
  • Central Intelligence Agency. (2017a). The world factbook: Japan. Retrieved October 19, 2017, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
  • Central Intelligence Agency. (2017b). World fact book: Southeast Asia India. Retrieved July 15, 2107, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html
  • Chu, J. P., & Sue, S. (2011). Asian American mental health: What we know and what we don’t know. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 3(1), 1–18. doi:10.9707/2307-0919.1026
  • Coffey, D., Marmol, L., Schock, L., & Adams, W. (2005). The influence of acculturation on the Wisconsin card sorting test by Mexican Americans. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 20, 795–803. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2005.04.009
  • Commisceo Global. (2017). Country and culture guides. Retrieved on October 24, 2017 from http://www.commisceo-global.com/country-guides
  • Contador, I., del Ser, T., Llamas, S., Villarejo, A., BenitoLeón, J., & Bermejo-Pareja, F. (2017). Impact of literacy and years of education on the diagnosis of dementia: A population-based study. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 39, 112–119. doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1204992
  • Cornelius, S., & Caspi, A. (1987). Everyday problem solving in adulthood and old age. Psychology and Aging, 2, 144–153. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.2.2.144
  • Deloche, G., Souza, L., Braga, L. W., & Dellatolas, G. (1999). A calculation and number processing battery for clinical application in illiterates and semiliterates. Cortex, 35, 503–521. doi:10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70815-3
  • Dominguez, J. C., Orquiza, M. G. S., Soriano, J. R., Magpantay, C. D., Esteban, R. C., Corrales, M. L., & Ampil, E. R. (2013). Adaptation of the Montreal cognitive assessment for elderly Filipino patients. East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 23(3), 80.
  • Dominguez, J. C., Soriano, J. R., Magpantay, C. D., Orquiza, M. G. S., Solis, W. M., Reandelar Jr., M. F., & Joson, M. L. C. (2014). Early detection of mild Alzheimer’s disease in Filipino elderly: Validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Philippines (MoCA-P). Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease, 3, 160–167. doi:10.4236/aad.2014.34015
  • Erdodi, L. A., Jongsma, K. A., & Issa, M. (2017). The 15-item version of the Boston Naming Test as an index of English proficiency. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 31, 168–178. doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1224392
  • Fernandez, A., & Marcopulos, B. (2008). A comparison of normative data for the Trail Making Test from several countries: Equivalence of norms and considerations for interpretation. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49, 239–246. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00637
  • Flores, I., Casaletto, K. B., Marquine, M. J., Umlauf, A., Moore, D. J., Mungas, D., … Heaton, R. K. (2017). Performance of Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites on the NIH toolbox cognition battery: The roles of ethnicity and language backgrounds. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 31, 783–797. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ntcn2010.1080/13854046.2016.1276216
  • Fujii, D. (2016). Conducting a culturally-informed neuropsychological evaluation. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press.
  • Gasquione, P. (2009). Race-norming of neuropsychological tests. Neuropsychological Review, 19, 250–262. doi:10.1007/s11065-009-9090-5
  • Gasquoine, P. G., Weimer, A. A., & Amador, A. (2017). Specificity rates for non-clinical, bilingual, Mexican Americans on three popular performance validity measures. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 31, 587–597. doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1277786
  • Gim-Chung, R. H., Kim, B. S., & Abreu, J. (2004). Asian American multidimensional acculturation scale: Development, factor analysis, reliability, and validity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 10, 66–80. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.10.1.66
  • Gonzales, P., Blanton, H., & Williams, K. (2002). The effects of stereotype threat and double-minority status on the test performance of Latino women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 659–670. doi:10.1177/0146167202288010
  • González, H. M., Tarraf, W., Gouskova, N., Gallo, L. C., Penedo, F. J., Davis, S. M., … Mosley, T. H. (2015). Neurocognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latinos: Results from the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 30, 68–77. doi:10.1093/arclin/acu066
  • Gottfredson, L. S. (1997). Mainstream science on intelligence: An editorial with 52 signatories, history, and bibliography. Intelligence, 24, 13–23.10.1016/S0160-2896(97)90011-8
  • Gottfried, A., Bathurst, K., Guerin, D., & Parramore, M. (2003). Socioeconomic status in children’s development and family environment: Infancy throughout adolescence. In M. Bornstein & R. Bradley (Eds.), Socioeconomic status, parenting and child development (pp. 189–207). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Green, P., Rohling, M. L., Lees-Haley, P. R., & Allen III, L. M. (2001). Effort has a greater effect on test scores than severe brain injury in compensation claimants. Brain Injury, 15, 1045–1060. doi:10.1080/02699050110088254
  • Greenfield, P. (1997). You can’t take it with you: Why ability assessments don’t cross cultures. American Psychologist, 52, 1115–1124. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.52.10.1115
  • Grigorenko, E. L., Meier, E., Lipka, J., Mohatt, G., Yanez, E., & Sternberg, R. J. (2004). Academic and practical intelligence: A case study of the Yup’ik in Alaska. Learning and Individual Differences, 14, 183–207. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2004.02.002
  • Guàrdia-Olmos, J., Peró-Cebollero, M., Rivera, D., & Arango-Lasprilla, J. C. (2015). Methodology for the development of normative data for ten Spanish-language neuropsychological tests in eleven Latin American countries. NeuroRehabilitation, 37, 493–499. doi:10.3233/NRE-151277
  • Guerrero, S., Bayola, R., & Ona, C. (2011). The Filipinos. In J. F. McDermott & N. Andrade (Eds.), People and cultures of Hawaii: The evolution of culture and ethnicity (pp. 201–219). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.10.21313/hawaii/9780824835804.001.0001
  • Guo, T., & Uhm, S. Y. (2014). Society and acculturation in Asian American communities. In J. Davis & R. D’Amato (Eds.), Neuropsychology of Asians and Asian-Americans (pp. 55–76). New York, NY: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4614-8075-4
  • Hair, N. L., Hanson, J. L., Wolfe, B. L., & Pollak, S. D. (2015). Association of child poverty, brain development, and academic achievement. JAMA Pediatrics, 169, 822–829. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.1475
  • Hall, E. (1969). The hidden dimension. New York, NY: Anchor books.
  • Hay, J. (2014). School curriculum in Japan. Retrieved October 14, 2017, from http://factsanddetails.com/japan/cat23/sub150/item2789.html#chapter-4
  • Hays, P. A. (2016). Addressing cultural complexities in practice: Assessment, diagnosis, and therapy (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.10.1037/14801-000
  • Heaton, R., Miller, S., Taylor, M., & Grant, I. (2004). Revised comprehensive norms for an expanded Halstead-Reitan Battery: (HRB) Demographically adjusted neuropsychological norms for African American and Caucasian adults. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resource.
  • Heaton, R. K., Ryan, L., & Grant, I. (2009). Demographic influences and use of demographically corrected norms in neuropsychological assessment. Neuropsychological Assessment of Neuropsychiatric and Neuromedical Disorders, 3, 127–155.
  • Heilbronner, R. L., Sweet, J. J., Morgan, J. E., Larrabee, G. J., Millis, S. R., & Conference Participants. (2009). American academy of clinical neuropsychology consensus conference statement on the neuropsychological assessment of effort, response bias, and malingering. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23, 1093–1129. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10/1080/1385404090315506310.1080/13854040903155063
  • Holdnack, J., Tulsky, D., Brooks, B., Slotkin, J., Gershon, R., Heinemann, A., & Iverson, G. (2017). Interpreting patterns of low scores on the NIH toolbox cognition battery. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 32, 574–584. doi:10.1093/arclin/acx032
  • Human Rights Advocate. (2017). World best education systems: 1st quarter report. Retrieved October 16, 2017, from http://worldtop20.org/2017-world-best-education-systems-1st-quarter-report
  • Index Mundi. (2017). Japan demographics profile 2017. Retrieved October 16, 2017, from http://www.indexmundi.com/japan/demographics_profile.html
  • International Test Commission. (2010). International test commission guidelines for translating and adapting tests. Retrieved September 27, 2012, from http://www.intestcom.org
  • Jencks, C., Smith, M., Ackland, H., Bane, M. J., Cohen, D., Gintis, H., … Michaelson, S. (1972). Inequality: A reassessment of the effect of family and schooling in America. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Judd, T., & Beggs, B. (2005). Cross cultural forensic neuropsychological assessment. In K. Barrett & W. George (Eds.), Race, culture, psychology & law (pp. 193–205). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Judd, T., Capetillo, D., Carrión-Baralt, J., Mármol, L. M., Miguel-Montes, L. S., Navarrete, M. G., … NAN Policy and Planning Committee. (2009). Professional considerations for improving the neuropsychological evaluation of Hispanics: A national academy of neuropsychology education paper. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 24, 127–135. doi:10.1093/arclin/acp016
  • Kawakami, N., Takeshima, T., Ono, Y., Uda, H., Hata, Y., Nakane, Y., … Kikkawa, T. (2005). Twelve-month prevalence, severity, and treatment of common mental disorders in communities in Japan: Preliminary finding from the World Mental Health Japan Survey 2002–2003. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 59, 441–452. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2005.01397.x
  • Kitano, H. (1993). Generation and identity: The Japanese American. Needham Heights, MA: Ginn Press.
  • Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition. (1982). Culture and intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of human intelligence (pp. 642–719). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Lezak, M., Howieson, D., Bigler, E., & Tranel, D. (2012). Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Lynn, R., & Meisenberg, G. (2010). National IQs calculated and validated for 108 nations. Intelligence, 38, 353–360. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2010.04.007
  • Lynn, R., & Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the wealth of nations. Westport, CT: Praeger.
  • Lynn, R. & Vanhanen, T. (2006). IQ and global inequality. Augusta, GA: Washington Summit Books.
  • Manly, J., Jacobs, J., Touradji, P., Small, S., & Stern, Y. (2002). Reading level attenuates differences in neuropsychological test performance between African American and White elders. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8, 341–348. doi:10.1017/S1355617702813157
  • Manly, J., Miller, S., Heaton, R., Byrd, D., Reilly, J., Velasquez, R., … Grant, I., & the HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center (HNRC) Group. (1998). The effect of African-American acculturation on neuropsychological test performance in normal and HIV-positive individuals. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 4, 291–302.
  • Marin, G., Sabogal, F., Marin, B. V., Otero-Sabogal, R., & Perez-Stable, E. (1987). Development of a short acculturation scale for Hispanics. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 9, 183–205. doi:10.1177/07399863870092005
  • Matute, E., Montiel, T., Pinto, N., Rosselli, M., Ardila, A., & Zarabozo, D. (2012). Comparing cognitive performance in illiterate and literate children. International Review of Education, 58, 109–127. doi:10.1007/s11159-012-9273-9
  • McFarland, C. D. (1994). Subgrouping and number of the Philippine languages or how many Philippine languages are there? Philippine Journal of Linguistics, 25(1–2), 75–84.
  • McPhillips, D. (2017). Best countries for education: From primary school to university, a look at how countries invest in the world’s future leaders. U.S. News. Retrieved May 20, 2017, from https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries
  • Miranda, C., Arce Rentería, M., Fuentes, A., Coulehan, K., Arentoft, A., Byrd, D., … Rivera Mindt, M. (2016). The relative utility of three English language dominance measures in predicting the neuropsychological performance of HIV+ bilingual Latino/a adults. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 30, 185–200. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ntcn2010.1080/13854046.2016.1139185
  • Misdraji-Hammond, E., Lim, N. K., Fernandez, M., & Burke, M. E. (2014). Object familiarity and acculturation do not explain performance difference between Spanish-English bilinguals and English monolinguals on the Boston Naming Test. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 30, 59–67. doi:10.1093/arclin/acu065
  • Mitrushina, M., Boone, K., Razani, J., & D’Elia, L. (2005). Handbook of normative data for neuropsychological assessment (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Morin, R., & Midlarsky, E. (2017). Predictors of WAIS–R vocabulary in late life: Differences by race. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 39, 833–841. doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1269155
  • Morris, J., Heyman, A., Mohs, R., Hughes, J., van Belle, G., Fillenbaum, G., … Clark, C. (1989). The consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD). Part I. Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 39, 1159–1165. doi:10.1212/WNL.39.9.1159
  • Nadal, K., & Monzones, J. (2011). Neuropsychological assessments and Filipino Americans. In D. Fujii (Ed.), The neuropsychology of Asian Americans (pp. 47–70). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
  • Narayan, K. V., Aviles-Santa, L., Oza-Frank, R., Pandey, M., Curb, J. D., McNeely, M., … Barrett-Connor, E. (2010). Report of a national heart, lung, and blood institute workshop: Heterogeneity in cardiometabolic risk in Asian Americans in the US. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 55, 966–973. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.075
  • Nasreddine, Z., Phillips, N., Bédirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., … Chertkow, H. (2005). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©): A brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 53, 695–699. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x
  • National Center for Education Statistics. (2012). National Indian Education Study 2011 (NCES 2012–466). Washington, DC: Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved from https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/pdf/studies/2012466.pdf
  • National Virtual Translation Center. (2007). Learning language difficulty for English speakers. Retrieved October 14, 2017, from http://web.archive.org/web/20071014005901/http://www.nvtc.gov/lotw/months/november/learningExpectations.html
  • Nell, V. (2000). Cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment: Theory and practice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Nelson-Barber, S., & Trumbull, E. (2015). The common core initiative, education outcomes, and American Indian/Alaska native students: Observations and recommendations [a report from the Center on Standards & Assessment Implementation (CSAI) at WestEd]. San Francisco, CA: WestEd. Retrieved from https://www.wested.org/wp-content/files_mf/1458229495resourcethecommoncoreinitiativeeducationoutcomesandamericanindianalaskanativestudentsobservationsandrecommendations.pdf
  • Neisser, U., Boodoo, G., Bouchard, T. J., Jr, Boykin, A. W., Brody, N., Ceci, S. J., … Urbina, S. (1996). Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns. American Psychologist, 51(2), 77–101. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.51.2.77
  • Ngo, D., Le, M., & Le, P. D. (2011). Neuropsychology of Vietnamese Americans. In D. Fujii (Ed.), The neuropsychology of Asian Americans (pp. 181–200). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
  • Nichter, M. (2010). Idioms of distress revisited. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 34(2), 401–416. doi:10.1007/s11013-010-9179-6
  • Okagaki, L., & Sternberg, R. J. (1993). Parental beliefs and children’s school performance. Child Development, 64, 36–56. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02894.x
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2016a). Broadband statistics update. Retrieved May 20, 2017, from http://www.oecd.org/sti/broadband/broadband-statistics-update.htm
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2016b). PISA 2015 results in focus. Retrieved October 16, 2017, from http://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-2015-results-in-focus.pdf
  • Ostrosky-Solis, F. (2007). Education effects on cognitive functions: Brain reserve, compensation, or testing bias? In B. Uzzell, M. Ponton, & A. Ardila (Eds.), International handbook of cross-cultural neuropsychology (pp. 215–225). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Owen, J., Tao, K., Imel, Z., Wampold, B., & Rodolfa, E. (2014). Addressing racial and ethnic microaggressions in therapy. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 45, 283–290. doi:10.1037/a0037420
  • Paweł, B. (2006). Newly industrialized countries, globalization and the transformation of foreign economic policy. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.
  • Ponce, D., & Foreman, S. (1980). The Filipinos. In J. F. McDermott, W. S. Tseng, & T. W. Maretzki (Eds.), People and cultures of Hawaii: A psychocultural profile (pp. 155–183). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
  • Prescott, S. (1991). The American Indian: Yesterday, today, & tomorrow. A handbook for educators. Sacramento, CA: Bureau of Publications, Sales Unit, California State Department of Education.
  • Rabin, L. A., Brodale, D. L., Elbulok-Charcape, M., & Barr, W. B. (in press). Challenges in the neuropsychological assessment of ethnic minorities. In O. Pedraza (Ed.), Clinical cultural neuroscience: Foundations and assessment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Razani, J., Burciaga, J., Madore, M., & Wong, J. (2007). Effects of acculturation on tests of attention and information processing in an ethnically diverse group. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 333–341. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.01.008
  • Rivera Mindt, M., Arentoft, A., Germano, K. K., D’Aquila, E., Scheiner, D., Pizzirusso, M., … Gollan, T. H. (2008). Neuropsychological, cognitive, and theoretical considerations for evaluation of bilingual individuals. Neuropsychology Review, 18, 255–268. doi:10.1007/s11065-008-9069-7
  • Rivera Mindt, M., Byrd, D., Saez, P., & Manly, J. (2010). Increasing culturally competent neuropsychological services for ethnic minority populations: A call to action. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 24, 429–453. doi:10.1080/13854040903058960
  • Robles, L., López, E., Salazar, X., Boone, K. B., & Glaser, D. F. (2015). Specificity data for the b Test, Dot Counting Test, Rey-15 Item Plus Recognition, and Rey Word Recognition Test in monolingual Spanish-speakers. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 37, 614–621. doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1039961
  • Romero, H., Lageman, S., Kamath, V., Irani, F., Sim, A., Suarez, P., … the Summit participants. (2009). Challenges in the neuropsychological assessment of ethnic minorities: Summit proceedings. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23, 761–779.10.1080/13854040902881958
  • Rossetti, H., Lacritz, L., Hynan, L., Cullum, C. M., Van Wright, A., & Weiner, M. (2017). Montreal cognitive assessment performance among community-dwelling African Americans. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 32, 238–244. doi:10.1093/arclin/acw095
  • Salazar, X., Lu, P., Wen, J., & Boone, K. (2007). The use of effort tests in ethnic minorities and in non-English-speaking and English as a second language populations. In K. Boone (Ed.), Assessment of feigned cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological perspective (pp. 405–427). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Sanchez, F., & Gaw, A. (2007). Mental health care of Filipino Americans. Psychiatric Services, 58, 810–815.10.1176/ps.2007.58.6.810
  • Santos, O., Fujii, D., & Pedraza, O. (in press). Neuropsychological assessment of non-English speakers. In O. Pedraza (Ed.), Clinical cultural neuroscience: Foundations and assessment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Schmader, T., Johns, M., & Forbes, C. (2008). An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance. Psychological Review, 115(2), 336–356. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.115.2.336
  • Schwartz, B. S., Glass, T. A., Bolla, K. I., Stewart, W. F., Glass, G., Rasmussen, M., … Bandeen-Roche, K. (2004). Disparities in cognitive functioning by race/ethnicity in the Baltimore Memory Study. Environmental Health Perspectives, 112, 314–320. doi:10.1289/ehp.6727
  • Scott, T., Funes, C., Kim, S., & Razani, J. (2015). The impact of English language proficiency on neuropsychological test performance in ethnically diverse individuals. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 30, 475. doi:10.1093/arclin/acv046.01
  • Sénéchal, M., & LeFevre, J. (2002). Parental involvement in the development of children’s reading skill: A five-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 73, 445–460. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00417
  • Shuttleworth-Edwards, A. B. (2016). Generally representative is representative of none: Commentary on the pitfalls of IQ test standardization in multicultural settings. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 30, 975–998. doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1204011
  • Snowden, L., & Hines, A. (1999). A scale to assess African American acculturation. Journal of Black Psychology, 25, 36–47. doi:10.1177/0095798499025001003
  • Steele, C. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. The American Psychologist, 52, 613–629.10.1037/0003-066X.52.6.613
  • Sternberg, R. J. (1984). Toward a triarchic theory of human intelligence. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 269–287.10.1017/S0140525X00044629
  • Sternberg, R. (2004). Culture and intelligence. American Psychologist, 59, 325–338. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.59.5.325
  • Sternberg, R. J. (2014). Teaching about the nature of intelligence. Intelligence, 42, 176–179. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2013.08.010
  • Sternberg, R. J., & Kaufman, S. B. (Eds.). (2011). Cambridge handbook of intelligence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sternberg, R., Nokes, C., Geissler, P. W., Prince, R., Okatcha, F., Bundy, D., & Grigorenko, E. (2001). The relationship between academic and practical intelligence: A case study in Kenya. Intelligence, 29, 401–418. doi:10.1016/S0160-2896(01)00065-4
  • Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2009, January). Culture card: A guide to build cultural awareness. American Indian and Alaska Native. Retrieved January 13, 2017, from https://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content/SMA08-4354/SMA08-4354.pdf
  • Sue, D., Capodilupo, C., Torino, G., Bucceri, J., Holder, A., Nadal, K., & Esquilin, M. (2007). Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice. American Psychologist, 62, 271–286. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.62.4.271
  • Sue, S., Zane, N., Nagayama Hall, G. C., & Berger, L. K. (2009). The case for cultural competency in psychotherapeutic interventions. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 525–548. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163651
  • Sunderaraman, P., Zahodne, L. B., & Manly, J. J. (2016). A commentary on ‘generally representative is representative of none: Pitfalls of IQ test standardization in multicultural settings’ by AB Shuttleworth-Edwards. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 30, 999–1005. doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1211321
  • Sweet, J., Benson, L., Nelson, N., & Moberg, P. (2015). The American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology, National Academy of Neuropsychology, and Society for Clinical Neuropsychology (APA Division 40) 2015 TCN professional practice and ‘salary survey’: Professional practices, beliefs, and incomes of U.S. neuropsychologists. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 29, 1069–1162. doi:10.1080/13854046.2016.1140228
  • Takemura, S., Yoshimasu, K., Fukumoto, J., Yamamoto, H., & Miyashita, K. (2011). Subjective symptoms related to depression and suicidal risk in a Japanese community: A cross-sectional study. Open Journal of Psychiatry, 1(02), 40–48.10.4236/ojpsych.2011.12007
  • Tannen, D. (1984). The pragmatics of cross-cultural communication. Applied Linguistics, 5, 189–195.10.1093/applin/5.3.189
  • Thaler, N., & Fujii, D. (2014). Cross-cultural considerations with Japanese American clients: A perspeective on psychological assessment. In L. Benuto, N. Thaler, & B. Leany (Eds.), Guide to psychological assessment with Asians (pp. 27–42). New York, NY: Springer Science.
  • Thames, A., Hinkin, C., Byrd, D., Bilder, R., Duff, K., Mindt, M., … Streiff, V. (2013). Effects of stereotype threat, perceived discrimination, and examiner race on neuropsychological performance: Simple as black and white? Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 19, 583–593. doi:10.1017/S1355617713000076
  • Tremont, G., Hoffman, R. G., Scott, J. G., & Adams, R. L. (1998). Effect of intellectual level on neuropsychological test performance: A response to Dodrill (1997). The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 12, 560–567.10.1076/clin.12.4.560.7238
  • Ursache, A., & Noble, K. G. (2016). Neurocognitive development in socioeconomic context: Multiple mechanisms and implications for measuring socioeconomic status. Psychophysiology, 53, 71–82. doi:10.1111/psyp.12547
  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2012). U.S. Census Bureau projections show a slower growing, older, more diverse nation a half century from now. Retrieved April 5, 2017, from https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/population/cb12-243.html
  • Van Hamme, L. (1996). American Indian cultures and the classroom. Journal of Indian Education, 35, 21–36.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Wechsler, D. (2004). WISC-IV Spanish. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.
  • Wong, T., & Fujii, D. (2004). Neuropsychological assessment of Asian Americans: Demographic factors, cultural diversity, and practical guidelines. Applied Neuropsychology, 11, 23–36. doi:10.1207/s15324826an1101_4
  • Woodcock, R., Muñoz-Sandoval, A., Ruef, A., & Alvarado, C. (2005). Woodcock-Munoz language survey revised. Itasca, IL: Riverside.
  • World Bank. (2017a). GDP ranking. Gross domestic product ranking table. Retrieved May 20, 2017, from http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/GDP-ranking-table
  • World Bank. (2017b). World Bank country lending groups. Retrieved July, 29, 2017, from https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups
  • Yassuda, M., Diniz, B., Flaks, M., Viola, L., Pereira, F., Nunes, P., & Forlenza, O. (2009). Neuropsychological profile of Brazilian older adults with heterogeneous educational backgrounds. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 24, 71–79. doi:10.1093/arclin/acp009
  • Zea, M. C., Asner-Self, K. K., Birman, D., & Buki, L. P. (2003). The abbreviated multidimentional acculturation scale: Empirical validation with two Latino/Latina samples. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 9, 107. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.9.2.107
  • Zong, J., & Batalova, J. (2015). Indian immigrants in the United States. Retrieved July 15, 2017, from http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/indian-immigrants-united-states

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.