Publication Cover
Spatial Cognition & Computation
An Interdisciplinary Journal
Volume 9, 2009 - Issue 2
304
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Spatial Intelligence: Ready for a Challenge?

Pages 138-151 | Received 25 Feb 2009, Accepted 13 Mar 2009, Published online: 19 May 2009

REFERENCES

  • Agrawala , M. and Stolte , C. 2000 . “ A design and implementation for effective computer-generated route maps ” . In Paper presented at the AAAI Symposium on Smart Graphics Menlo Park, CA
  • Agrawala , M. and Stolte , C. 2001 . Rendering effective route maps: Improving usability through generalization Los Angeles, CA Paper presented at the SIGGRAPH 2001
  • Allen , J. F. 1983 . Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals. . Communications of the ACM , 26 ( 11 ) : 832 – 843 .
  • Allen , J. F. 1987 . Natural language understanding Menlo Park, CA : The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc. .
  • Arampatzis , A. , Van Kreveld , M. , Reinbacher , I. , Jones , C. B. , Vaid , S. Clough , P. 2006 . Web-based delineation of imprecise regions. . Computers, Environment and Urban Systems , 30 ( 4 ) : 436 – 459 .
  • Bekhor , S. , Ben-Akiva , M. E. and Ramming , M. S. 2006 . Evaluation of choice set generation algorithms for route choice models. . Annals of Operations Research , 144 ( 1 ) : 235 – 247 .
  • Bittner , T. 2007 . “ From top-level to domain ontologies: ecosystem classifications as a case study. ” . In Spatial Information Theory Edited by: Winter , S. , Duckham , M. , Kulik , L. and Kuipers , B. Vol. 4736 , 61 – 77 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Bovy , P. H. L. and Stern , E. 1990 . Route choice: Wayfinding in transport networks Dordrecht : Kluwer. .
  • Clarke , B. L. 1981 . A calculus of individuals based on ‘connection’. . Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic , 22 ( 3 ) : 204 – 218 .
  • Clementini , E. and DiFelice , P. 1996 . “ An algebraic model for spatial objects with indeterminate boundaries. ” . In Geographic objects with indeterminate boundaries Edited by: Burrough , P. A. and Frank , A. U. Vol. 2 , 155 – 169 . London : Taylor & Francis. .
  • Cohn , A. G. and Gotts , N. M. 1996 . “ The ‘egg-yolk’ representation of regions with indeterminate boundaries. ” . In Geographic objects with indeterminate boundaries Edited by: Burrough , P. A. and Frank , A. U. Vol. 2 , 171 – 187 . London : Taylor & Francis. .
  • Cohn , A. G. and Hazarika , S. M. 2001 . Qualitative spatial representation and reasoning: An overview. . Fundamenta Informaticae , 43 ( 1 ) : 2 – 32 .
  • Couclelis , H. , Golledge , R. G. , Gale , N. and Tobler , W. 1987 . Exploring the anchorpoint hypothesis of spatial cognition. . Journal of Environmental Psychology , 7 : 99 – 122 .
  • Dale , R. , Geldof , S. and Prost , J.-P. 2005 . Using natural language generation in automatic route description. . Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology , 37 ( 1 ) : 89 – 105 .
  • Denis , M. 1997 . The description of routes: A cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. . Current psychology of cognition , 16 ( 4 ) : 409 – 458 .
  • Denis , M. , Michon , P.-E. and Tom , A. 2007 . “ Assisting pedestrian wayfinding in urban settings: Why references to landmarks are crucial in direction-giving. ” . In Applied spatial cognition: From research to cognitive technology Edited by: Allen , G. L. 25 – 51 . Mahwah, New Jersey : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. .
  • Dourish , P. 2001 . Where the Action Is: The foundations of embodied interaction Cambridge, MA : The MIT Press. .
  • Duckham , M. and Kulik , L. 2003 . “ Simplest paths Automated route selection for navigation ” . In Spatial Information Theory Edited by: Kuhn , W. , Worboys , M. and Timpf , S. Vol. 2825 , 169 – 185 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Egenhofer , M. J. 1989 . Spatial Query Languages Orono, Maine : University of Maine . Unpublished Ph.D.
  • Elias , B. 2003 . “ Extracting landmarks with data mining methods. ” . In Spatial information theory Edited by: Kuhn , W. , Worboys , M. F. and Timpf , S. Vol. 2825 , 398 – 412 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Frank , A. U. 1991 . “ Qualitative spatial reasoning about cardinal directions ” . In Paper presented at the Auto-Carto 10 (ACSM-ASPRS) Baltimore
  • Frank , A. U. 1992 . Qualitative spatial reasoning about distances and directions in geographic space. . Journal of Visual Languages and Computing , 1992 ( 3 ) : 343 – 371 .
  • Frank , A. U. 1996 . Qualitative spatial reasoning: cardinal directions as an example. . International Journal of Geographical Information Systems , 10 ( 3 ) : 269 – 290 .
  • Frank , A. U. 2003 . “ Pragmatic information content—How to measure the information in a route description. ” . In Foundations in geographic information science Edited by: Duckham , M. , Goodchild , M. F. and Worboys , M. 47 – 68 . London : Taylor & Francis. .
  • Frank , A. U. 1993 . Spatial information theory Vol. 716 , Berlin : Springer .
  • Frank , A. U. and Campari , I. 1992 . Theories and models of spatio-temporal reasoning in geographic space Vol. 639 , Berlin : Springer . Formentini, U
  • Frejinger , E. 2008 . Route choice analysis: Data, models, algorithms and applications École Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne . Unpublished PhD thesis
  • Freksa , C. 1991 . “ Qualitative spatial reasoning. ” . In Cognitive and Linguistic Aspects of Geographic Space Edited by: Mark , D. M. and Frank , A. U. 361 – 372 . Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Press. .
  • Freksa , C. 1992 . “ Using Orientation Information for Qualitative Spatial Reasoning ” . In Paper presented at the Theories and Models of Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space New York
  • Goschler , J. , Andonova , E. and Ross , R. J. 2008 . “ Perspective use and perspective shift in spatial dialogue. ” . In Spatial Cognition VI Edited by: Freksa , C. , Newcombe , N. S. , Gärdenfors , P. and Wälfl , S. Vol. 5248 , 250 – 265 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Hernändez , D. , Clementini , E. and Di Felice , P. 1995 . “ Spatial Information Theory ” . In Qualitative Distances. Edited by: Frank , A. U. and Kuhn , W. Vol. 988 , 45 – 57 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Herring , J. R. 1987 . TIGRIS: Topologically Integrated Geographic Information System Baltimore Paper presented at the Auto-Carto 8
  • Hill , L. L. 2006 . Georeferencing: The geographic associations of information Cambridge, MA : The MIT Press. .
  • Hirtle , S. C. and Jonides , J. 1985 . Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps. . Memory and Cognition , 13 ( 3 ) : 208 – 217 .
  • Hoogendoorn-Lanser , S. , van Nes , R. and Bovy , P. H. L. 2005 . Path size modeling in multimodal route choice analysis. . Transportation Research Record , 2005 : 27 – 34 . 1921
  • Jones , C. B. , Purves , R. S. , Clough , P. D. and Joho , H. 2008 . Modeling vague places with knowledge from the Web. . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 22 ( 10 ) : 1045 – 1065 .
  • Klein , W. 1979 . Wegauskünfte. . Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik , 33 : 9 – 57 .
  • Klein , W. 1982 . “ Local deixis in route directions. ” . In Speech, Place, and Action Edited by: Jarvella , R. J. and Klein , W. 161 – 182 . Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. .
  • Klippel , A. , Hansen , S. , Richter , K.-F. and Winter , S. 2008 . Urban granularities—A data structure for cognitively ergonomic route directions. . GeoInformatica , 13 ( 2 ) : 223 – 247 .
  • Klippel , A. , Tappe , H. and Habel , C. 2003 . “ Pictorial representations of routes: chunking route segments during comprehension. ” . In Spatial Cognition III Edited by: Freksa , C. , Brauer , W. , Habel , C. and Wender , K. F. Vol. 2685 , 11 – 33 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Klippel , A. and Winter , S. 2005 . “ Structural salience of landmarks for route directions. ” . In Spatial Information Theory Edited by: Cohn , A. G. and Mark , D. M. Vol. 3693 , 347 – 362 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Kokla , M. and Kavouras , M. 2001 . Fusion of top-level and geographic domain ontologies based on context formation and complementarity. . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 15 ( 7 ) : 679 – 687 .
  • Kuipers , B. J. 1978 . Modeling spatial knowledge. . Cognitive Science , 2 ( 2 ) : 129 – 153 .
  • Kuipers , B. J. 1994 . Qualitative reasoning: Modeling and simulation with incomplete knowledge Cambridge, MA : The MIT Press. .
  • Lakoff , G. 1987 . Women, fire, and dangerous things—What categories reveal about the mind Chicago : The University of Chicago Press. .
  • Levinson , S. C. 2003 . Space in language and cognition Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. .
  • Mark , D. M. , Comas , D. , Egenhofer , M. J. , Freundschuh , S. M. , Gould , M. D. and Nunes , J. 1995 . “ Evaluating and refining computational models of spatial relations through cross-linguistic human-subjects testing. ” . In Spatial Information Theory—A Theoretical Basis for GIS Edited by: Frank , A. U. and Kuhn , W. Vol. 988 , 553 – 568 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Mark , D. M. and Frank , A. U. 1991 . Cognitive and linguistic aspects of geographic space Vol. 63 , Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
  • Mark , D. M. and Gould , M. D. 1995 . “ Wayfinding directions as discourse: verbal directions in English and Spanish. ” . In Deixis in narrative Edited by: Duchan , J. F. , Bruder , G. A. and Hewitt , L. E. 387 – 405 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Asscociates. .
  • Montello , D. R. 1993 . “ Scale and multiple psychologies of space. ” . In Spatial information theory Edited by: Frank , A. U. and Campari , I. Vol. 716 , 312 – 321 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Piaget , J. and Inhelder , B. 1956 . The child's conception of space Edited by: Langdon , F. J. and Lunzer , J. L. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
  • Randell , D. A. , Cui , Z. and Cohn , A. 1992 . “ A spatial logic based on regions and connection ” . In Paper presented at the Third International Conference on the Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
  • Raubal , M. and Winter , S. 2002 . “ Enriching wayfinding instructions with local landmarks. ” . In Geographic Information Science Edited by: Egenhofer , M. J. and Mark , D. M. Vol. 2478 , 243 – 259 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Retz-Schmidt , G. 1987 . “ Deictic and intrinsic use of spatial prepositions: a multidisciplinary comparison ” . In Paper presented at the AAAI Workshop on Spatial Reasoning and Multi-Sensor Fusion, St. Charles, Illinois
  • Richter , K.-F. 2007 . “ A uniform handling of different landmark types in route directions. ” . In Spatial Information Theory Edited by: Winter , S. , Duckham , M. , Kulik , L. and Kuipers , B. Vol. 4736 , 373 – 389 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Richter , K.-F. , Tomko , M. and Winter , S. 2008 . A dialog-driven process of generating route directions. . Computers, Environment and Urban Systems , 32 ( 3 ) : 233 – 245 .
  • Riedemann , C. and Kuhn , W. 1999 . “ What are sports grounds? Or: Why semantics requires interoperability ” . In Paper presented at the Interoperating Geographic Information Systems Berlin
  • Searle , J. R. 1980 . Minds, brains, and programs. . The behavioral and brain sciences , 3 : 417 – 424 .
  • Stokes , N. , Li , Y. , Moffat , A. and Rong , J. 2008 . An empirical study of the effects of NLP components on geographic IR performance. . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 22 ( 3 ) : 247 – 264 .
  • Talmy , L. 1983 . “ How language structures space. ” . In Spatial orientation: Theory, research, and application Edited by: Pick , H. and Acredolo , L. 225 – 282 . New York : Plenum Press. .
  • Tenbrink , T. 2007 . Space, time, and the use of language: An investigation of relationships Berlin : Mouton de Gruyter. .
  • Tenbrink , T. and Winter , S. 2009 . Granularity in route directions. . Spatial Cognition and Computation , 9 ( 1 ) : 64 – 93 .
  • Timpf , S. , Volta , G. S. , Pollock , D. W. , Frank , A. U. and Egenhofer , M. J. 1992 . “ A conceptual model of wayfinding using multiple levels of abstraction. ” . In Theories and Methods of Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space Edited by: Frank , A. U. , Campari , I. and Formentini , U. Vol. 639 , 348 – 367 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Tomko , M. and Winter , S. 2009 . Pragmatic construction of destination descriptions for urban environments. . Spatial Cognition and Computation , 9 ( 1 ) : 1 – 29 .
  • Turing , A. M. 1950 . Computing machinery and intelligence. . Mind , 59 ( 236 ) : 433 – 460 .
  • Tversky , B. and Lee , P. U. 1998 . “ How space structures language. ” . In Spatial Cognition Edited by: Freksa , C. , Habel , C. and Wender , K. F. Vol. 1404 , 157 – 175 . Berlin : Springer. .
  • Wiener , J. M. and Mallot , H. A. 2003 . ‘Fine-to-coarse’ route planning and navigation in regionalized environments. . Spatial Cognition and Computation , 3 ( 4 ) : 331 – 358 .
  • Worboys , M. F. 2001 . Nearness relations in environmental space. . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 15 ( 7 ) : 633 – 652 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.