References
- Ban TA (2001): Pharmacotherapy of depression: a historical analysis. J Neural Transm 108: 707–716.
- Bickford P (1993): Motor learning deficits in aged rats are cor-related with loss of cerebellar noradrenergic function. Brain Res 620: 133–138.
- Calapai G, Crupi A, Firenzuoli F, Costantino G, Inferrera G, Campo GM, Caputi AP (1999): Effects of Hypericum per-foratum on levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and dopamine in the cortex, diencephalons and brainstem of the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 51: 723–728.
- Campodonico A, Collado E, Ricci R, Pappa H, Segall A, Pizzorno MT (2001): Dissolution test for silymarin tablets and capsules. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 27: 261–265.
- Chaouloff F (2000): Serotonin, stress and corticoids. J Psychopharmacol 14: 139–151.
- Glowinski J, Iversen LL (1966): Regional studies of cate-cholamines in the rat brain-I. The disposition of [31-I]nor-epinephrine, [311]dopamine and [31-1]DOPA in various regions of the brain. J Neurochem 13: 655–669.
- He Q, Osuchowski MF, Johnson VJ, Sharma RP (2002): Physi-ological responses of a natural antioxidant flavonoid, silymarin, in BALB/c mice: I. Induction of transforming growth factor 131 and c-myc in liver with marginal effects on other genes. Planta Med 68: 961–965.
- Jacobs BP, Dennehy C, Ramirez G, Sapp J, Lawrence VA (2002): Milk thistle for the treatment of liver disease: a sys-tematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 113: 506–515.
- Jiang C, Agarwal R, Lu J (2000): Anti-angiogenic potential of a cancer chemopreventive flavonoid antioxidant, silymarin:
- Inhibition of key attributes of vascular endothelial cells and angiogenic cytokine secretion by cancer epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 276: 371–378.
- Johnson VJ, Osuchowski MF, He Q, Sharma RP (2002): Physi-ological responses of a natural antioxidant flavonoid, silymarin, in BALB/c mice: II. Alterations in thymic dif-ferentiation correlate with changes in c-myc gene expres-sion. Planta Med 68: 676–679.
- Lee JJ, Chang CK, Liu IM, Chi TC, Yu HJ, Cheng JT (2001): Changes in endogenous monoamines in aged rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 28: 285–289.
- Letteron P, Labbe G, Degott C, Berson A, Fromenty B, Delaforge M, Larrey D, Pessayre D (1990): Mechanism for the protective effects of silymarin against carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity in mice. Evidence that silymarin acts both as an inhibitor of metabolic activation and as a chain-breaking antioxidant. Biochem Pharmacol 39: 2027–2034.
- Mathangi DC, Nmamsivayam A (2001): Effect of chronic protein restriction on motor co-ordination and brain neuro-transmitters in albino rats. Food Chem Toxicol 39: 1039–1043.
- Mayer GS, Shoup RE (1983): Simultaneous multiple electrode liquid chromatographic-electrochemical assay for cate-cholamines, indoleamines and metabolites in brain tissues. J Chromatogr 255: 533–544.
- Mazzio EA, Harris N, Soliman KFA (1998): Food constituents attenuate monoamine oxidase activity and peroxide levels in C6 astrocyte cells. Planta Med 64: 603–606.
- Middleton E Jr, Kandaswami C, Theoharides TC (2000): The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implica-tions for inflammation, heart disease and cancer. Pharma-col Rev 52: 673–751.
- Neary JT, Bu Y (1999): Hypericum LI 160 inhibits uptake of serotonin in astrocytes. Brain Res 816: 358–363.
- Schugens MiM, Breitenstein C, Ackermann H, Daum 1(1998): Role of the striatum and the cerebellum in motor skill acquisition. Behav Neurol 11: 149–157.
- Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle) monograph (1999): Ahern Med Rev 4: 272–276.
- Sun X, Deng J, Liu T, Borjigin J (2002): Circadian 5-HT pro-duction regulated by adrenergic signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 4686–4691.
- Tsunoda M, Johnson VJ, Sharma RP (2000): Increase in dopamine metabolites in murine striatum after oral expo-sure to inorganic but not organic form of selenium. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 39: 32–37.
- Watson M, McElligott JG (1984): Cerebellar norepinephrine depletion and impaired acquisition of specific locomotor tasks in rats. Brain Res 296: 129–138.