Variation of total hypericin, phenolic and flavonoid compounds in Hypericum triquetrifolium during its phenological cycle

References

• Agostinis P, Vantieghem A, Merlevede W, De Witte D (2002): Hypericin in cancer treatment: more light on the way. Int. J Biochem Cell Biol 34: 221–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alali F, Tawaha K, Al-Eleimat T (2004): Determination of hypericin content in Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Hypericaceae) growing wild in Jordan. Nat Prod Res 18: 147–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alecu M, Ursacıuc C, Halalau F, Coman G, Merlevede W, Waelkens E, De Witte P (1998): Photodynamic treatment of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with hypericin. Anticancer Res 18: 4651–4654.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apaydın ş, Zeybek U, İnce İ, Elgin G, Karamenderes C, öztürk B, Tuğlular I (1999): Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. extract exhibits anticiceptive activity in the mouse. J Ethnopharmacol 67: 307–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayan AK, çirak C (2008): Hypericin and pseudohypericin contents in some Hypericum species growing in Turkey. Pharm Biol 46: 288–291.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell MH, Delfosse ES (1984): The biology of Australian weeds. 13. Hypericum perforatum L. J Aust Inst Agric Sci 50: 63–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbanaro M, Mattera M, Nicoli S, Bergamo P, Cappelloni M (2002): Modulation of antioxidant compounds in organic vs conventional fruit (peach, Prunus persica L., and pear, Pyrus communis L.). J Agric Food Chem 50: 5458–5462.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• çırak C, Sağlam B, Ayan AK, Kevseroğlu K (2006): Morphogenetic and diurnal variation of hypericin in some Hypericum species from Turkey during the course of ontogenesis. Biochem Syst Ecol 34: 1–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• çırak C, Radusiene J, Janulis V, Ivanauskas L (2007a): Secondary metabolites in Hypericum perfoliatum variation among plant parts and phenological stages. Botanica Helvatica 117: 29–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• çırak C, Radusiene J, Ivanauskas L, Janulis V (2007b): Variation of bioactive secondary metabolites in Hypericum origanifolium during its phenological cycle. Acta Physiol Plant 29: 197–203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conforti F, Loızzo MR, Statti AG, Menichini F (2007): Cytotoxic activity of antioxidant constituents from Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. Nat Prod Res 21: 42–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couceiro MA, Afreen F, Zobayed SMA, Kozai T (2006): Variation in concentrations of major bioactive compounds of St. John’s wort: effects of harvesting time, temperature and germplasm. Plant Sci 170: 128–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couladis M, Bazıou P, Verykokıdeu E, Loukıs A (2002): Antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. Phytother Res 16: 769–770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dias ACP, Francisco A, Barberan T, Ferreria F, Ferreres F (1998): Unusual flavonoids produced by callus of Hypericum perforatum. Phytochemistry 48: 1165–1168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falk H (1999): From the photosensitizer hypericin to the photoreceptor stentorian: the chemistry of phenanthroperylene quinines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 38: 3116–3136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Floridi S, Montanari L, Ombretta M, Fantozzi P (2003): Determination of free phenolic acids in wort and beer by coulometric array detection. J Agric Food Chem 51: 1548–1554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hubner WD, Lande S, Podzuweit H (1994): Hypericum treatment of mild depression with somatic symptoms. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 7: 12–14.
   Google Scholar
• Kamuhabwa AR, Agostinis P, Kasran A, De Witte PA (2000): Photodynamic activity of hypericin in human urinary bladder carcinoma cell. Anticancer Res 20: 2579–2584.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kazlauskas S, Bagdonaite E (2004): Quantitative analysis of active substances in St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by the high performance liquid chromatography method. Medicina (Kaunas) 40: 975–981.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim DO, Lee KW, Lee HJ, Lee CY (2002): Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of phenolic phytochemicals. J Agric Food Chem 50: 3713–3717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitanov GM (2001): Hypericin and pseudohypericin in some Hypericum species. Biochem Syst Ecol 29: 171–178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kızıl G, Kızıl M, Yavuz M, Emen S, Hakimoğlu F (2008): Antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts of Hypericum triquetrifolium and Hypericum scabroides. Pharm Biol 46: 231–242.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linde K, Ramirez G, Mulrow CD, Pauls A, Weidenhammer W, Melchart D (1996): St John’s wort for depression: an overview and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ (Clin Res Ed) 313: 253–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malenčić D, Popović M, Miladinović J (2007): Phenolic content and antioxidant properties of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seeds. Molecules 12: 576–581.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meruelo D, Lavie G, Lavie D (1988): Therapeutic agents with dramatic antiretroviral activity and little toxicity and effective doses, aromatic polycyclic diones hypericin and pseudohypericin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85: 5230–5234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno MIN, Isla MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA (2000): Comparison of the free radical-scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. J Ethnopharmacol 71: 109–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park YK, Koo MH, Ikegaki M, Contado JL (1997): Comparison of the flavonoid aglycone contents of Apis melliferapropolis from various regions of Brazil. Arq Biol Technol 40: 97–106.
   Google Scholar
• Patocka J (2003): The chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the biologically active constituents of the herb Hypericum perforatum L. J Appl Biomed 1: 61–73.
   Google Scholar
• Radulovic N, Stankov-Jovanovic V, Stojanovic G, Melcerovic AS, Spiteller M, Asakawa Y (2007): Screening of in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of nine Hypericum species from the Balkans. Food Chem 103: 15–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robson NKB (1975): Hypericum L. In: Davis PH, editor. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp 355–401.
   Google Scholar
• Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventos RM (1999): Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. In: Packer L, editor. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 299: Oxidants and antioxidants (Part A). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. pp 152–178.
   Google Scholar
• Yeşilada E, Gürbüz I., Shitabo H (1999): Screening of Turkish anti-ulcergenic folk remedies for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. J Ethnopharmacol 66: 289–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandenbogaerde AL, Cuveele JF, Proot P, Himpens BE, Merlevede W, and de Witte PA (1997): Differential cytotoxic effects induced after photosensitization by hypericin. J Photochem Photobiol B 38: 136–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar