Use of formant centralization ratio for vowel impairment detection in normal hearing and different degrees of hearing impairment

References

• Webb W, Adler R. Neurosensory organization of speech and hearing. In: Webb W, Adler R, editors. Neurology for speech and language pathologists. 5th ed. Canada: Mosby Inc; 2008. p.118, 146–147.
   Google Scholar
• Schenk BS, Baumgartner WD, Hamzavi JS. Effect of the loss of auditory feedback on segmental parameters of vowels of postlingually deafened speakers. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2003;30:333–339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelocci AA, Kopp GA, Holbrook A. The vowel formants of deaf and normal-hearing eleven- to fourteen-year-old boys. J Speech Hear Disord. 1964;29:156.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hudgins CV, Numbers FC. An investigation of the intelligibility of the speech of the deaf. J Press Genet Psychol Monogr. 1942;25:289–392.
   Google Scholar
• Aghadoost O, Moradi N, Dabirmoghaddam P, et al. Voice handicap index in Persian speakers with various severities of hearing loss. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68:211–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dehqan A, Scherer RC. Objective voice analysis of boys with profound hearing loss. J Voice. 2011;25:e61–e65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkell J, Matthies M, Lane H, et al. Speech motor control: acoustic goals, saturation effects, auditory feedback and internal models. Speech Commun. 1997;22:227–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lejska M. Voice field measurements-a new method of examination: the influence of hearing on the human voice. J Voice. 2004;18:209–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poissant SF, Peters KA, Robb MP. Acoustic and perceptual appraisal of speech production in pediatric cochlear implant users. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;70:1195–1203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowie R, Douglas-Cowie E. Postlingually acquired deafness. In Trends in linguistics, studies and monographs. New York: Mouton de Gruyter; 1992. p. 62.
   Google Scholar
• Kent R, Weismer G, Kent J. F., Vorperian, H. K., & Duffy, J. R.. Acoustic studies of dysarthric speech: methods, progress, and potential. J Commun Disord. 1999;32:141–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honda K, Kusakawa N. Compatibility between auditory and articulatory representations of vowels. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1997;532:103–105.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heuer RJ, Hawkshaw MJ, Sataloff RT. The clinical voice laboratory. In: Sataloff RT, editor. Vocal health and pedagogy: science and assessment. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Plural Pub; 2006. p. 183–186.
   Google Scholar
• Sapir S, Ramig LO, Spielman JL, et al. Formant centralization ratio: a proposal for a new acoustic measure of dysarthric speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2010;53:114–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillenbrand J, Getty LA, Clark MJ, et al. Acoustic characteristics of American English vowels. J Acoust Soc Amer. 1995;97:3099–3111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozbič M, Kogovšek D. Vowel formant values in hearing and hearing-impaired children: a discriminant analysis. Deaf Edu Int. 2010;12:99–128.
   Google Scholar
• Behrman A. Speech and voice science. Plural Pub. 2007;156:228–229.
   Google Scholar
• Baudonck N, Van Lierde K, Dhooge I, et al. A comparison of vowel productions in prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants, severe hearing-impaired children using conventional hearing aids and normal-hearing children. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2011;63:154–160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dagenais PA, Critz-Crosby P. Comparing tongue positioning by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children during vowel production. J Speech Hear Res. 1992;35:35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Monsen RB. Normal and reduced phonological space: the production of English vowels by deaf adolescents. J Phons. 1976;4:189–198.
   Google Scholar
• Osberger MJ. Training effects on vowel production by two profoundly hearing-impaired speakers. J Speech Hear Res. 1987;30:241.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kent R, Kim Y. Toward an acoustic typology of motor speech disorders. Clin Linguist Phon. 2003;17:427–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolaidis K, Sfakiannaki A. An acoustic analysis of vowels produced by greek speakers with hearing impairment. ICPhS XVI, Saarbrücken. 2007;16:1969–1972.
   Google Scholar
• Sapir S, Spielman J, Ramig L, et al. Effects of intensive voice treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on ataxic dysarthria: a case study. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2003;12:387–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson S, Kewley-Port D. Talker differences in clear and conversational speech: acoustic characteristics of vowels. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2007;50:1241–1255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu HM, Tsao FM, Kuhl PK. The effect of reduced vowel working space on speech intelligibility in Mandarin-speaking young adults with cerebral palsy. J Acoust Soc Am. 2005;117:3879–3889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy N, Nissen SL, Dromey C, et al. Articulatory changes in muscle tension dysphonia: evidence of vowel space expansion following manual circumlaryngeal therapy. J Commun Disord. 2009;42:124–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McRae PA, Tjaden K, Schoonings B. Acoustic and perceptual consequences of articulatory rate change in Parkinson disease. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2002;45:35–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashi M, Westbury J, Honda K. Vowel posture normalization. J Acoust Soc Am. 1998;104:2426–2437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Jong K. Labiovelar compensation in back vowels. J Acoust Soc Am. 1997;101:2221–2233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen K, Goozée J, Murdoch B. Examining the effects of multiple sclerosis on speech production: does phonetic structure matter?. J Commun Disord. 2008;41:49–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sapir S, Spielman J, Ramig L, et al. Effects of intensive voice treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on vowel articulation in dysarthric individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease: acoustic and perceptual findings. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2007;50:899–912.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moura C, Cunha L, Vilarinho H, et al. Voice parameters in children with Down syndrome. J Voice. 2008;22:34–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naderifar E, Ghorbani A, Moradi N, et al. Evaluation of formant frequencies in Persian speaking children with different degrees of hearing loss. Shiraz E-Med J. 2017;18:e13094.
   Google Scholar
• Skodda S, Visser W, Schlegel U. Vowel articulation in Parkinson's disease. J Voice. 2011;25:467–472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Earlbaum; 1988.
   Google Scholar
• McCaffrey HA, Sussman HM. An investigation of vowel organization in speakers with severe and profound hearing loss. J Speech Hear Res. 1994;37:938–951.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ozbič M, Kogovšek D. An acoustic comparison of formant frequencies in individuals with normal hearing, profound and severe hearing impairment. Investigationes Linguisticae. 2008;XVI:150–162.
   Google Scholar
• Fitch WT, Giedd J. Morphology and development of the human vocal tract: a study using magnetic resonance imaging. J Acous Soc Am. 1999;106:1511–1522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subtelny JD, Whitehead RL, Samar VJ. Spectral study of deviant resonance in the speech of women who are deaf. J Speech Hear Res. 1992;35:574–579.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar