Ischemic mitral valve repair: Correlations between the mechanisms of mitral regurgitation and left ventricular function prior to and following surgery

References

• Grigioni F, Sarano ME, Zehr KJ, Bailey K, Tajik AJ, et al. Ischemic mitral regurgitation. Long term outcome and prognostic implications with quantitative Doppler assessment. Circulation 2001; 103: 1759–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamas GA, Mitchell GF, Flaker GC, Smith S, Gersh B, Basta L, Moye L, Braunwald E, Pfeffer MA, et al. Clinical significance of mitral regurgitation after acute myocardial infarction: Survival and ventricular enlargement investigations. Circulation 1997; 96: 827–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adler DS, Goldman L, O'Neil A, Cook E, Mudge G, Shemin R, Disesa V, Cohn L, Collins J, et al. Long term survival of more than 2000 patients after coronary artery bypass grafting. Am J Cardiol 1986; 58: 195–202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirklin JK, Naftel DC, Blackstone EH, Kirklin JW, Brown RC, et al. Risk factors for mortality after primary combined valvular and coronary artery surgery. Circulation 1989; 79: 1185–90
   Google Scholar
• Tahta SA, Oury JH, Maxwell JM, Hiro SP, Duran CM, et al. Outcome after mitral valve repair. J Heart Valve Dis 2002; 11: 11–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akar AR, Dukas G, Szafranek A, Alexion C, Boehm M, Chin D, Sosnowski A, Spyt TJ, et al. Mitral valve repair and revascularization for ischemic mitral regurgitation: Predictors of operative mortality and survival. J Heart Valve Dis 2002; 11: 793–801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• David TE. Techniques and results of mitral valve repair for ischemic mitral regurgitation. J Card Surg 1994; 9: 274–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yiu SF, Sarano ME, Triboilloy C, Seward J, Tajik AJ, et al. Determinants of the degree of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction. A Quantitative Clinical Study. Circulation 2000; 102: 1400–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otsuji Y, Handschumacher MD, Schwammenthal E, Jiang L, Song JK, Guerrero J, Vlahakes G, Levine RA, et al. Insights from three-dimensional echocardiography into the mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation: Direct in vivo demonstration of altered leaflet tethering geometry. Circulation 1997; 96: 1999–2008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He S, Fontaine AA, Schwammenthal E, Yoganathan A, Levine RA, et al. An integrated mechanism for functional mitral regurgitation: Leaflet restriction vs. Coapting force – in vitro studies. Circulation 1997; 96: 1826–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liel-Cohen N, Guerrero JL, Otsuji Y, Handschumacher MD, Rudski L, Hunziker P, Tanabe H, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Sullivan S, Levine RA, et al. Design of a new surgical approach for ventricular remodelling to relieve ischemic mitral regurgitation: Insights from three-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation 2000; 101: 2756–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams DH, Filsoufi F, Aklog L. Surgical treatment of the ischemic mitral valve. J Heart Valve Dis 2002; 11 Suppl 1: S21–5
   Google Scholar
• Schwammenthal E, Popescu AC, Popescu BA, Freimark D, Hod H, Eldar M, Feinberg M, et al. Mechanism of mitral regurgitation in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2002; 90: 306–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpentier A. Cardiac valve surgery – the “French Correction”. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1983; 86: 323–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpentier A, Chauvaud S, Fabiani JN, Deloche A, Relland J, Lessana A, D'Allaines C, Blondeau P, Piwnica A, Dubost C, et al. Reconstructive surgery of mitral valve incompetence: Ten-year appraisal. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1980; 79: 338–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dujardin KS, Enriquez-Sarano M, Bailey K, Nishimura R, Seward J, Tajik AJ. Grading of mitral regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography. Circulation 1997; 96: 3709–15
   Google Scholar
• Rossi A, Dujardin KS, Bailey KR, Seward J, Enriquez-Sarano M, et al. Rapid estimation of regurgitant volume by the proximal isovelocity surface area method in mitral regurgitation: Can continuous wave Doppler echocardiography be omitted?. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1998; 11: 138–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiller NB, Shah PM, Crawford M, De Maria A, Deveraux R, Feigenbaum H, Gutgesell H, Reichek N, Sahn D, Schnittger I, et al. Recommendation of quantification of the left ventricle by two dimensional echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1989; 2: 358–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitabatake A, Inoue M, Asao M, Masuyama T, Tanouchi J, Morita T, Mishima M, Uematsu M, Shimazu T, Hori M, Abe H, et al. Noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary hypertension by a pulsed Doppler technique. Circulation 1983; 68: 302–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorman JH, Gorman RC, Jackson BM, Hiramatsu Y, Gikakis N, Kelley ST, Sutton MG, Plappert T, Edmunds LH Jr, et al. Distortions of the mitral valve in acute ischemic mitral regurgitation. Ann Thorac Surg 1997; 64: 1026–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fasol R, Lakew F, Pfannmuller B, Slepian M, Joubert-Hubner E, et al. Papillary muscle repair surgery in ischemic mitral valve patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 70: 771–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timek TA, Lai DT, Tibayan F, Liang D, Rodriguez F, Daughters G, Dagum P, Ingels NB, Miller C, et al. Annular versus subvalvular approaches to acute ischemic mitral regurgitation. Circulation 2002; 106 Suppl: I-27–I-32
   Google Scholar
• Lai DT, Timek TA, Green GR, Glasson JR, Daughters GT, Liang D, Ingels NB Jr, Miller DC, et al. The effects of ring annuloplasty on mitral leaflet geometry during acute left ventricular ischaemia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 120: 966–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolling SF, Pagani FD, Deeb GM, Bach DS, et al. Intermediate-term outcome of mitral reconstruction in cardiomyopathy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 115: 381–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lancellotti P, Lebrun F, Pierard LA. Determinants of exercise-induced changes in mitral regurgitation in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 42: 1921–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kono T, Sabbah HN, Stein PD, Brymer JF, Khaja F, et al. Left ventricular shape as a determinant of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with severe heart failure secondary to either coronary artery disease or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1991; 68: 355–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kono T, Sabbah HN, Rosman H, Alam M, Jafri S, Stein PD, Goldstein S, et al. Left ventricular shape is the primary determinant of functional mitral regurgitation in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20: 1594–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calafiore AM, Di Mauro M, Gallina S, Giammarco G, Iaco A, Teodori G, Tavarozzi I, et al. Mitral valve surgery for chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation. Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 77: 1989–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart WJ, Sun JP, Mayer E, et al. Mitral regurgitation with normal leaflets results from apical displacement of coaptation, not annular dilation [abstract]. Circulation 1994; 90: I-311
   Google Scholar
• Seipelt RG, Schoendube FA, Vazquez-Jimenez JF, Doerge H, Voss M, Messmer BJ, et al. Combined mitral valve and coronary artery surgery: Ischemic versus non-ischemic mitral valve disease. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001; 20: 270–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard RJ, Moe GM, Armstrong PW. Sequential echocardiographic-Doppler assessment of left ventricular remodelling and mitral regurgitation during evolving experimental heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 1991; 25: 468–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar