Superior effect of forceful compared with standard traction mobilizations in hip disability?

References

• WHO. ICF – International classification of functioning, disability and health; 2001. Geneva: WHO.
   Google Scholar
• Sunden-Lundius A, Johnsson B, Lohmander S, Ekdahl C. Prevalence of self-reported hip disorders, relations to age, gender, pain, stiffness, weakness and other joint disorders. Adv Physiother. 2005; 7: 108–13
   Google Scholar
• Danielsson L, Lindberg H. Prevalence of coxarthrosis in an urban population during four decades. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1997;106–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Picavet HS, Hazes JM. Prevalence of self reported musculoskeletal diseases is high. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003; 62: 644–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birrell F, Croft P, Cooper C, Hosie G, Macfarlane G, Silman A. Health impact of pain in the hip region with and without radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis: A study of new attenders to primary care. The PCR Hip Study Group. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000; 59: 857–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altman RD. The classification of osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol Suppl. 1995; 43: 42–3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Altman R, Alarcon G, Appelrouth D, Bloch D, Borenstein D, Brandt K, et al. The American College of Rheumatology criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis of the hip. Arthritis Rheum. 1991; 34: 505–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bierma-Zeinstra S, Bohnen A, Ginai A, Prins A, Verhaar J. Validity of American College of Rheumatology criteria for diagnosing hip osteoarthritis in primary care research. J Rheumatol. 1999; 26: 1129–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klassbo M, Harms-Ringdahl K, Larsson G. Examination of passive ROM and capsular patterns in the hip. Physiother Res Int. 2003; 8: 1–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Baar ME, Dekker J, Oostendorp RA, Bijl D, Voorn TB, Bijlsma JW. Effectiveness of exercise in patients with osteoarthritis of hip or knee: Nine months’ follow up. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001; 60: 1123–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kettunen JA, Kujala UM. Exercise therapy for people with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2004; 14: 138–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Baar ME, Assendelft WJ, Dekker J, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW. Effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Arthritis Rheum. 1999; 42: 1361–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Baar ME, Dekker J, Oostendorp RA, Bijl D, Voorn TB, Lemmens JA, et al. The effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: A randomized clinical trial. J Rheumatol. 1998; 25: 2432–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoeksma HL, Dekker J, Ronday HK, Heering A, van der Lubbe N, Vel C, et al. Comparison of manual therapy and exercise therapy in osteoarthritis of the hip: A randomized clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 51: 722–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maitland GD. Peripheral manipulation. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford 1991
   Google Scholar
• Nyfos L. Traction therapy of osteoarthrosis of the hip. A controlled study. Ugeskr Laeger. 1983; 145: 2837–40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marques B, Toldbod M, Ostrup EL, Bentzen L, Gjorup T, Gylding-Sabroe JP, et al. The effect of naproxen compared with that of traction in patients with osteoarthrosis of the hip. A single-blind controlled study. Ugeskr Laeger. 1983; 145: 2840–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weber VE. The use of manual traction as conservative treatment in hip osteoarthritis. Beitr Orthop. 1974; 21: 351–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Angstrom L, Lindstrom B. Treatment effects of traction and mobilization of the hip joint in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diagnoses and hip osteorarthritis. Nordisk Fysioterapi. 2003; 7: 17–27
   Google Scholar
• Kaltenborn F. Mobilization of the extremity joints: Examination and basic treatment techniques. Olaf Norlis Bokhandel, Oslo 1980
   Google Scholar
• Samuelsen G, Høiseth A. X-ray examination: Manual physical traction treatment of painful hip conditions. Fysioterapeuten. 1990; 57: 20–3
   Google Scholar
• Arvidsson I. The hip joint: Forces needed for distraction and appearance of the vacuum phenomenon. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1990; 22: 157–61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaltenborn F. Manual mobilization of the joints: The Kaltenborn method of joint examination and treatment; volume I. The extremities. Olaf Norlis Bokhandel, Oslo 2002; 302–8
   Google Scholar
• Swinscow TDV. Statistics at square one. BMJ, London 2002
   Google Scholar
• Altman DG. Practical statistics for medical research. Chapman and Hall, London 1991; 456
   Google Scholar
• Staff PH, Kvien TK. Arthroses. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1988; 108: 2147–50
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roach KE, Miles TP. Normal hip and knee active range of motion: The relationship to age. Phys Ther. 1991; 71: 656–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klassbo M, Larsson G, Harms-Ringdahl K. Promising outcome of a hip school for patients with hip dysfunction. Arthritis Rheum. 2003; 49: 321–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hesch J. Evaluation and treatment of the most common patterns of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Movement stability and low back pain – The essential role of the pelvis, A Vleeming, V Mooney, T Dorman, C Snijders, R Stoeckart. Churchill Livingstone, New York 1997; 535–47
   Google Scholar
• Butler DS. The sensitive nervous system. Noigroup Publisher, Adelaide 2000
   Google Scholar
• McKenzie R, May S. The lumbar spine mechanical diagnosis and therapy I2nd ed. Spinal Publications, Waikanae 2003
   Google Scholar
• Greenman PE. Principles of manual medicine2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1996; 84
   Google Scholar
• Evjenth O, Hamberg J. Autostretching: The complete manual of specific stretching. Alfta Rehab Förlag, AlftaSweden 1989
   Google Scholar
• Samuelsen G, Juel NG. Quadriceps coxae – A biomechanical analysis. Norsk idrettsmedisin. 1997; 5–6
   Google Scholar
• Samuelsen G, Høiseth A, Lillas F, Dahl HA. The external rotators of the hip – Underestimated and misunderstood?. Fysioterapeuten. 1996; 63: 18–22
   Google Scholar
• Klassbo M, Larsson E, Mannevik E. Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. An extension of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Scand J Rheumatol. 2003; 32: 46–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilsdotter AK, Lohmander LS, Klassbo M, Roos EM. Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) – Validity and responsiveness in total hip replacement. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2003; 4: 1–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sartorius N, Kuyken W. Translation of health status instruments. Quality of life assessment: International perspectives, J Orley, W Kuyken. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1994; 4–18
   Google Scholar
• Klassbo, M. Hip disability – Patient education, classification and assessment. Doctorial Dissertation, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Vaarbakken, K. The hip disability and osteoarthritis score (HOOS) version LK1.1; 2005. Available on www.liv.se/fof.
   Google Scholar
• Holm I, Bolstad B, Lutken T, Ervik A, Rokkum M, Steen H. Reliability of goniometric measurements and visual estimates of hip ROM in patients with osteoarthrosis. Physiother Res Int. 2000; 5: 241–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Norkin CC, White DJ. Measurement of joint motion: A guide to goniometry. F.A. Davis, Philadelphia, PA 1995; 119–36
   Google Scholar
• Vaarbakken, K. Physiotherapy for painful and hypomobile hip joints – Theoretical considerations an a trial comparing standard to forceful manual traction mobilization. Advanced Master of Science Thesis, University of Bergen, Bergen; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Hollis S, Campbell F. What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 1999; 319: 670–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell MJ, Gardner MJ. Calculating confidence intervals for some non-parametric analyses. BMJ (Clin Res Ed) 1988; 296: 1454–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham T, van der Heijde D, Altman RD, Anderson JJ, Bellamy N, Hochberg M, et al. OMERACT-OARSI initiative: Osteoarthritis Research Society International set of responder criteria for osteoarthritis clinical trials revisited. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2004; 12: 389–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopkins, WG. A new view of statistics: Effect magnitudes. Monograph on the Internet; 1997. Available on www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/effectmag.html.
   Google Scholar
• Kazis LE, Anderson JJ, Meenan RF. Effect sizes for interpreting changes in health status. Med Care. 1989; 27: 178–89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ 1988; 19–26
   Google Scholar
• Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Lipschart S, Njoo KH, Bernsen R, Verhaar J, Prins A, et al. How do general practitioners manage hip problems in adults?. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2000; 18: 159–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fransen M, McConnell S, Bell M. Exercise for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003; CD004286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moritz U, Johanssen B. Manipulation of the spine is only a part of the total care. Lakertidningen. 1992; 89: 1763–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Jenkinson C, Reynolds DJ, Gavaghan DJ, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?. Control Clin Trials. 1996; 17: 1–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Svensson E. Guidelines to statistical evaluation of data from rating scales and questionnaires. J Rehabil Med. 2001; 33: 47–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheff SW, Saucier DA, Cain ME. A statistical method for analyzing rating scale data: The BBB locomotor score. J Neurotrauma. 2002; 19: 1251–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Baar ME, Assendelft WJ, Dekker J, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW. Effectiveness of exercise therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Arthritis Rheum. 1999; 42: 1361–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system: Foundations for physical rehabilitation. Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2002; 83
   Google Scholar
• Bjordal JM, Ljunggren AE, Klovning A, Slordal L. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, in osteoarthritic knee pain: Meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials. BMJ. 2004; 329: 1317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Towheed T, Shea B, Wells G, Hochberg M. Analgesia and non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for osteoarthritis of the hip. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000; CD000517.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee C, Straus WL, Balshaw R, et al. A comparison of the efficacy and safety of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents versus acetaminophen in the treatment of osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 51: 746–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W, Doherty M, Arden N, Bannwarth B, Bijlsma J, Gunther KP, et al. EULAR evidence based recommendations for the management of hip osteoarthritis: Report of a task force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis. 2005; 64: 669–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh G, Wu O, Langhorne P, Madhok R. Risk of acute myocardial infarction with nonselective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A meta-analysis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006; 8: 153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar