411
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Machining characteristics of metal matrix composite in powder-mixed electrical discharge machining – A review

, , , &
Pages 1755-1777 | Received 29 Apr 2021, Accepted 12 Jan 2022, Published online: 08 Feb 2022

References

  • Abbas, Aqeel, and Song-Jeng Huang. 2020. “Investigation of Severe Plastic Deformation Effects on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of WS2/AZ91 Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites.” Materials Science and Engineering: A 780: 139211. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2020.139211.
  • Agrawal, A., A. K. Dubey, and P. K. Shrivastava. 2016. “Intelligent Modeling and Multi-Objective Optimization of Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Diamond Grinding of MMC.” 978-1-5090-3665, Proceedings IEEE March 16.
  • Akramifard, H.R., M. Shamanian, M. Sabbaghian, and M. Esmailzadeh. 2014. “Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu/SiC Metal Matrix Composite Fabricated via Friction Stir Processing.” Materials & Design (1980-2015) 54 (1980): 838–844. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.107.
  • Amini, H, and MRS Yazdi. 2011. “Optimization of Process Parameters in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining of TiB2 Nanocomposite Ceramic.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 225 (12): 2220–2227. doi:10.1177/0954405411412249.
  • Arun Kumar, L., and B.K. Raghunath. 2013. “Electro Discharge Machining Characteristics of Mg/SiCP Metal Matrix Composites by Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Techniques.” International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET) 5 (5): 0975-4024.
  • Assarzadeh, M., and M. Ghoreishi. 2013a. “A Dual Response Surface Desirability Approach to Process Modeling and Optimization of Al2O3 Powder-mixed Electrical Discharge Machining (PMEDM) Parameters.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 64 (9–12, February): 1459–1477. doi:10.1007/s00170-012-4115-2.
  • Assarzadeh, S., and M. Ghoreishi. 2013b. “Statistical Modeling and Optimization of Process Parameters in Electro-discharge Machining of Cobalt-bonded Tungsten Carbide Composite (Wc/6%co).” Sci Verse Science Direct, Procedia CIRP 6: 464–469.
  • Assarzadeh, S., and M. Ghoreishi. 2013c. “Statistical Modelling and Optimization of Process Parameters in Electro-discharge Machining of “Cobalt-bonded Tungsten Carbide Composite (Wc/6%co).” Procedia CIRP 6: 463–468. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2013.03.099.
  • Baghel, R., H. S. Mali, and S. K. Biswas. 2019. “Parametric Optimization and Surface Analysis of Diamond Grinding-assisted EDM of TiN-Al2O3 Ceramic Composite.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 100 (5–8): 1183–1192. doi:10.1007/s00170-018-1842-z.
  • Bai, X., Q. Zhang, J. Zhang, D. Kong, and T. Yang. 2013. “Machining Efficiency of Powder Mixed near Dry Electrical Discharge Machining Based on Different Material Combinations of Tool Electrode and Work Piece Electrode.” Journal of Manufacturing Processes 15 (4): 474–482. doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2013.09.005.
  • Barmouz, Mohsen, Mohammad Kazem Besharati Givi, and Javed Seyfi. 2011. “On the Role of Processing Parameter in Producing Cu/SiC Metal Matrix Composite via Friction Stir Processing, Investigation, Microstructure, Micro Hardness, Wear and Tensile Behaviour.” Materials Characterization 62 (1): 108–117. doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2010.11.005.
  • Bhattacharya, A., A. Batish, and N. Kumar. 2013. “Surface Characterization and Material Migration during Surface Modification of Die Steels with Silicon, Graphite and Tungsten Powder in EDM Process.” Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 27 (1): 133–140. doi:10.1007/s12206-012-0883-8.
  • Boral, Soumava, Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu, Prasenjit Chatterjee, Shankar Chakraborty, and Agam Gugaliya. 2019. “Multi-response Optimization of Micro-EDM Processes: A State-of-the-Art Review.” Micro-electrical Discharge Machining Processes 293–310.
  • Chander Prakash, H. K. Kansal, B. S. Pabla, and Sanjeev Puri. 2017. “Experimental Investigations in Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining of Ti-35Nb-7Ta-5Zr β- Titanium Alloy.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 32(3): 1042-6914. 1532–2475.
  • Chen, S.L., B.H. Yan, and F.Y. Huang. 1999a. “Influence of Kerosene and Distilled Water as Dielectrics on the Electric Discharge Machining Characteristics of Ti–6A1–4V.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 87 (1–3): 107–111. doi:10.1016/S0924-0136(98)00340-9.
  • Chen, S.L., B.H. Yan, and F.Y. Huang. 1999b. “Influence of Kerosene and Distilled Water as Dielectrics on the Electric Discharge Machining Characteristics of Ti–6A1–4V.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 87 (1–3): 107–111.
  • Chow, H. M., L. D. Yang, C. T. Lin, and Y. F. Chen. 2008. “The Use of SiC Powder in Water as Dielectric for Micro-slit EDM Machining.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 195 (1–3): 160–170. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.130.
  • Clyne, T. W., and P. J. Withers. 1993. An Introduction to Metal-matrix Composites. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cyril Pilligrin, J., P. Asokan, J. Jerald, and G. Kanagaraj. 2018. “Effects of Electrode Materials on Performance Measures of Electrical Discharge Micro-machining.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 1042-6914 (Print). 1532–2475.
  • Debnath, Tapas, and Promod Kumar Patowari. 2019. “Fabrication of an Array of Micro-fins Using Wire-EDM and Its Parametric Analysis Tapas.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 34 (5): 580–589. doi:10.1080/10426914.2019.1566959.
  • Dhar, S., R. Purohit, N. Saini, Sharma, G.H. Kumar, and A. Sharma. 2007. “Mathematical Modelling of Electric Discharge Machining of Cast Al-4Cu-6Si Alloy-10 Wt % SiCp Composites.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 194 (1–3): 24–29. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.03.121.
  • Egashira, K., A. Matsugasako, H. Tsuchiya, and M. Miyazaki. 2006. “Electrical Discharge Machining with Ultralow Discharge Energy.” Precision Engineering 30 (4): 414–420. doi:10.1016/j.precisioneng.2006.01.004.
  • Erden, A., and S. Bilgin, Role of Impurities in Electric Discharge Machining, in: proceedings of the 21th international machine tool design and research conference, London, 1980,
  • Fong, T.Y., and F.C. Chen. 2005. “Investigation into Some Surface Characteristics of Electrical Discharge Machined SKD-11 Using Powder-suspension Dielectric Oil.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 170 (1–2): 385–391. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.06.006.
  • Gopalakannan, Subramanian, and Thiagarajan Senthilvelan. 2014. “Optimization of Machining Parameters for EDM Operations Based on Central Composite Design and Desirability Approach.” Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 28 (3): 1045–1053. doi:10.1007/s12206-013-1180-x.
  • Gopalakannana, S., T. Senthilvelana, and S. Ranganathanb. 2012. “Modelling and Optimization of EDM Process Parameters on Machining of Al 7075-B4C MMC Using RSM.” Engineering.
  • Guangxian, Li, Khurram Munir, Cuie Wen, Yuncang Li, and Songlin Ding. 2020. “Machinability of Titanium Matrix Composites (TMC) Reinforced with Multi- Walled Carbon Nano Tubes.” Journal of Manufacturing Processes 56 (9): 131–146. doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.04.008.
  • Guo, Z. N., X. Wang, Z. G. Huang, and T. M. Yeo. 2002. “Mechanical Surface Treatments of Electro-discharge Machined (Edmed) Ceramic Composite for Improved Strength and Reliability.” Journal of the European Ceramic Society 22 (4): 545–550. doi:10.1016/S0955-2219(01)00296-5.
  • Gupta, M., M.O. Lai, and C.Y. Soo. 1995. “Effect of Type of Processing on the Micro Structural Features and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu/SiC Metal Matrix Composites.” Material Science and Engineering -A210.
  • Gurupavan, H.R., T.M. Devegowda, H.V. Ravindra, and G. Ugrasen. 2017. “Estimation of Machining Performances in WEDM of Aluminium Based Metal Matrix Composite Material Using ANN.” Materials Today Proceeding 4 (9).
  • Haq, A.N., P. Marimuthu, and R. Jeyapaul. 2008. “Multi Response Optimization of Machining Parameters of Drilling Al/SiC Metal Matrix Composite Using Grey Relational Analysis in the Taguchi Method.” International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 37 (3–4): 250–255. doi:10.1007/s00170-007-0981-4.
  • Harmesh Kumar, J., and J P. Davim. 2011. “Role of Powder in the Machining of Al-10%Sicp Metal Matrix Composites by Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining.” Journal of Composite Material 45 (2): 133. doi:10.1177/0021998310371543.
  • Ho, K. H., and S.T. Newman. 2003. “State of the Art Electrical Discharge Machining.” International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 43 (13): 1287–1300. doi:10.1016/S0890-6955(03)00162-7.
  • Hock Yeo, Swee, Peng Cheong Tan, Erwin Aligiri, Shu Beng Tor, and Ngiap Hiang Loh. 2009. “Processing of Zirconium-Based Bulk Metallic Glass (BMG) Using Micro Electrical Discharge Machining (Micro-edm).” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 24 (12): 1242–1248. doi:10.1080/10426910903129661.
  • Hourmand, Mehdi, Saeed Farahany, Ahmed A. D. Sarhan, and Mohd Yusof Noordin. 2014. “Investigating the Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Parameter Effects on Al-Mg2Si Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) for High Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Less EWR–RSM Approach.” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
  • Hourmand, Mehdi, Ahmed A. D. Sarhan, Saeed Farahany, and Mohd Sayuti. 2018. “Microstructure Characterization and Maximization of the Material Removal Rate in Nano-powder Mixed EDM of Al-Mg2Si Metal Matrix composite—ANFIS and RSM Approaches.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology.
  • Hung, NP, IJ Yang, and KW Leong. 1994a. “Electrical Discharge Machining of Cast Metal Matrix Composites.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 44 (3–4): 229–236.
  • Hung, N.P., L.J. Yang, and K.W. Leong. 1994b. “Electrical Discharge Machining of Cast Metal Matrix Composites.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 44 (3–4): 3–4. doi:10.1016/0924-0136(94)90435-9.
  • Jahan, M. P., Y. S. Wong, and M. Rahman. 2009. “A Study on the Fine-finish Die-sinking micro-EDM of Tungsten Carbide Using Different Electrode Materials.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209 (8): 3956–3967. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.09.015.
  • Jiang, D., J. Vleugels, O. Van der Biest, and W. D. Liu-. 2005. “Electrically Conductive and Wear Resistant Si3N4-Based Composites with TiC0.5N0.5 Particles for Electrical Discharge Machining.” Materials Science Forum Vols 492–493.
  • Kadirvel, A., P. Hariharan, and S. Gowri. 2013. “Experimental Investigation on the Electrode Specific Performance in Micro-EDM of Die-Steel Materials and Manufacturing Processes.” 28: 390–396.
  • Kagaya, K., Y. Oishi, and K. Yada. 1986. “Micro-electro Discharge Machining Using Water as a Working Fluid Micro-hole Drilling.” Precision Engineering 8 (3): 157–162. doi:10.1016/0141-6359(86)90034-6.
  • Kalaman, S., H. Vaşar, and N. Ekmekci, Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining and Biocompatibility: A State of the Art Review. 18th international conference on machine design and production, (2018).
  • Kanagarajan, D., K. Palanikumar, and R. Karthikeyan. 2012. “Effect of Electrical Discharge Machining on Strength and Reliability of WC–30%Co Composite.” Materials & Design 39: 469–474. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2012.03.016.
  • Kandpal, B. C., J. Kumar, and H. Singh. 2015. “Machining of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites with Electrical Discharge Machining - A Review.” Materials Today Proceeding 2 (4–5).
  • Kansal, H. K., S. Singh, and P. Kumar. 2005b. “Parametric Optimization of Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining by Response Surface Methodology.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 169 (3): 427–436. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.03.028.
  • Kansal, H. K., S. Singh, and P. Kumar. 2007a. “Technology and Research Developments in Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining (PMEDM).” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 184 (1–3): 32–41. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.10.046.
  • Kansal, H. K., S. Singh, and P. Kumar. 2007b. “Technology and Research Developments in Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining (PMEDM.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 184 (1–3): 32–41.
  • Kansal, H.K., Sehijpal Singh, and Pradeep Kumar. 2007c. “An Experimental Study of the Machining Parameters in Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining of Al–10%SiCP Metal Matrix Composites.” International Journal of Machining and Machinability of Materials 1 (4).
  • Karthikeyan, R, PR Lakshmi Narayanan, and RS Naagarazan. 1999. “Mathematical Modelling for Electric Discharge Machining of Aluminium–silicon Carbide Particulate Composites.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 87 (1–3): 59–63. doi:10.1016/S0924-0136(98)00332-X.
  • Karthikeyan, R., P. R. L. Narayanan, and R. S. Naagarazan. 1999. “Mathematical Modelling for Electric Discharge Machining of Aluminium–silicon Carbide Particulate Composites.” Journal of Mat. Processing Technology 87 (1–3).
  • Kavimani, V., K. Soorya Prakash, and Titus Thankachan. 2019. “Influence of Machining Parameters on Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Performance of Reduced Grapheme Oxide/magnesium Composite and Its Surface Integrity Characteristics.” Engineering 1: 621–630.
  • Kibria, G. and Bhattacharyya, B. (2010). Analysis on Geometrical Accuracy of Micro Hole during Micro-EDM of Ti-6Al-4V Using Different Dielectrics. CP1315, International Conference on Advances in Material and Processing Technology.
  • Kibria, G., I. Shivakoti, and B. Bhattacharyya. 2014. “Experimentation and Analysis into Micro-Hole Machining of Ti-6Al-4V by Micro-EDM Using Boron Carbide Powder Mixed De-Ionized Water.” International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 4 (1): 22–41. doi:10.4018/ijmmme.2014010102.
  • Kiyak, M., and O. Cakır. 2007. “Examination of Machining Parameters on Surface Roughness in EDM of Tool Steel.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 191 (1–3): 141–144. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.03.008.
  • Kumar, A., S. Maheshwari, C. Sharma, and N. Beri. 2011. “Analysis of Machining Characteristics in Additive Mixed Electric Discharge Machining of Nickel-based Superalloy Inconel 718.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 26 (8): 1011–1018. doi:10.1080/10426914.2010.527415.
  • Kumar, Ashish, and Amit Rai Dixit. 2014. “Experimental Investigation of Wire EDM Process Parameters on Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite Al2024/SiC.” Int. Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 2 (2): 511–515 2347–3258.
  • Kumar Meena, Vijay, and Man Singh Azad Grey. 2012. “Relational Analysis of Micro-EDM Machining of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Central Scientific Instruments Organization.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 27 (9): 973–977. doi:10.1080/10426914.2011.610080.
  • Kumar, P. K. Singh, D. Kumar, M. Hussain Ved Prakash, A. K. Das, M. Hussain, and A K. Das. 2017. “A Novel Application of Micro-EDM Process for the Generation of Nickel Nanoparticles with Different Shapes.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 32 (5): 564–572. doi:10.1080/10426914.2016.1244832.
  • Kumar Rouniyar, Arun, and Pragya Shandilya. 2020. “Optimization of Process Parameters in Magnetic Field Assisted Powder Mixed EDM of Aluminium 6061 Alloy.” J. Mechanical Engineering Science 1 (1): 1–17.
  • Kumar Sahoo, Sarat, Sunita Singh Naik, and Jaydev Rana. 2019. “Experimental Analysis of Wire EDM Process Parameters for Micromachining of High Carbon High Chromium Steel by Using MOORA Technique.” Micro and Nano Machining of Engineering Materials 137–148.
  • Kung, K. Y., J. T. Horng, and K. T. Chiang. 2009. “Material Removal Rate and Electrode Wear Ratio Study on the Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining of Cobalt-bondedtungsten Carbide.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 40 (1–2): 95–104. doi:10.1007/s00170-007-1307-2.
  • Kunieda, M., and T. Masuzawa. 1988. “A Fundamental Study on A Horizontal EDM.” CIRP Annals 37 (1): 187–190. doi:10.1016/S0007-8506(07)61615-1. 1988.
  • Lau, W.S., T.M. Yue, T.C. Lee, and W.B. Lee. 1995. “Unconventional Machining of Composite Machining.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 48 (1–4): 199–205. doi:10.1016/0924-0136(94)01650-P.
  • Lauwers, B., K. Brans, W. Liu, J. Vleugels, S. Salehi, and K. Vanmeensel. 2008. “Influence of the Type and Grain Size of the Electro-conductive Phase on the Wire-EDM Performance of ZrO 2 Ceramic Composites.” CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology 57 (1): 191–194. doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2008.03.089.
  • Li, L., Z. Y. Li, X. T. Wei, and X. Cheng. 2015. “Machining Characteristics of Inconel 718 by Die sinking-EDM and Wire-EDM.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 30 (8): 968–973. doi:10.1080/10426914.2014.973579.
  • Liu, C.-C., and J.-L. Huang. 2000. Micro-electrode Discharge Machining of TiN/Si3N4 Composites. 1743–2766. 0967-9782.
  • Lu, Z. Z., F. L. Zhao, and Y. Y. Yang. 2008. “Research on Dielectric Breakdown and Discharge Channel in Powder-mixed EDM.” Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao/ J. Dalian Univ.Technol 48 (3): 373–377.
  • Mahdavinej, R.A., and A. Mahdavinej. 2005. “ED Machining of WC–Co.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 162-163: 637–643. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.211.
  • Maity, K. P., and Ravi Kumar Singh. 2012. “An Optimisation of micro-EDM Operation for Fabrication of micro-hole.Int.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 61 (9–12): 1221–1229. doi:10.1007/s00170-012-4098-z.
  • Martin, C., B. Cales, R Vivier, and R Mathieu. 1989. “EDM Machining of Ceramic Composites Materials Science and Engineering.” A 109: 351–356.
  • Masuzawa, T., K. Okajima, T. Taguchi, and M. Fujino. 2002. “EDM-lathe for Micromachining.” CIRP Annals 51 (1): 355–358. doi:10.1016/S0007-8506(07)61535-2.
  • Mohanty, S., and B.C. Routara. 2016. “A Review on Machining of Metal Matrix Composites Using Nano Particle Mixed Dielectric in Electro-discharge Machining.” International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 13 (2): 3518–3539. doi:10.15282/ijame.13.2.2016.18.0290. 2229-8649.
  • Mohri, N., N. Saito, Y. Tsunekawa, and N. Kinoshita. 1993. “Metal Surface Modification by Electrical Discharge Machining with Composite Electrodes.” Annals of the CIRP 42 (1): 219–222. doi:10.1016/S0007-8506(07)62429-9.
  • Mohri, N., J. Tsukamoto, and M. Fujino. 1989. “Drilling of Deep Microholes by EDM.” CIRP Annals 38 (1): 195–198. doi:10.1016/S0007-8506(07)62683-3.
  • Nalin Somani, Y. K. Tyagi, Parveen Kumar, Vineet Srivastava, and Hiralal Bhowmick. 2018. “Enhanced Tribological Properties of SiC Reinforced Copper Metal Matrix Composites.” Material Research Express 6: 1.
  • Narender Singh, P., K. Raghukandan, and B.C. Pai. 2004. “Optimization by Grey Relational Analysis of EDM Parameters on Machining Al 10%SiCP Composites.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 155-156: 1658–1661. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.04.322.
  • Naveen Babu, K., R. Karthikeyan, and A. Punitha. 2019. “An Integrated ANN – PSO Approach to Optimize the Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness of Wire Cut EDMM on INCONEL 750.” Mater. Proc 19: 501–505.
  • Nilesh, G Patil and Brahmankar, P. K. (2016). Semi-empirical Modelling of Surface Roughness in Wire Electro-discharge Machining of Ceramic Particulate Reinforced Al Matrix Composites. 18th CIRP Conference on Electro Physical and Chemical Machining (ISEM XVIII), Procedia CIRP. 42: 280–285.
  • Padhee, S., N. Nayak, S.K. Panda, P R. Dhal, and S S. Mahapatra. 2012. “Multi-objective Parametric Optimization of Powder Mixed Electro-discharge Machining Using RSM and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm.” Sadhana 37 (2): 223–240. doi:10.1007/s12046-012-0078-0.
  • Palanisamy, D., A. Devaraju, N. Manikandan, K. Balasubramanian, and D. Arulkirubakaran. 2020. “Experimental Investigation and Optimization of Process Parameters in EDM of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites.” Materials Today: Proceedings 22 (Part 3): 525–530. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.145.
  • Paswan, K., R. Ranjan, S. Hembram, R. Bajaj, A. Rai Dixit, A. Mandol, and A. Kumar Das. 2016. “Experimental Investigation on Machining Performance Using Deionised Water as Dielectric in Die-Sinking EDM.” Indian Journal of Science and Technology 9 (34). doi:10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i34/100912.
  • Patel, K.M., P.M. Pandey, and P.V. Rao. 2009. “Determination of an Optimum Parametric Combination Using a Surface Roughness Prediction Model for EDM of Al2O3</sub>/SiCw/TiC Ceramic Composite.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 24 (6): 675–682.
  • Patel, K. M., Pulak M. Pandey, and P. Venkateswara Rao. 2009. “Determination of an Optimum Parametric Combination Using a Surface Roughness Prediction Model for EDM of Al2O3/SiCw/TiC Ceramic Composite.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 24 (6): 675–682. doi:10.1080/10426910902769319.
  • Patel, K. M., Pulak M. Pandey, and P. Venkateswara Rao. 2010. “Optimization of Process Parameters for Performance Characteristics in EDM of Al2O3 Ceramic Composite.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 47 (9–12): 1137–1147. doi:10.1007/s00170-009-2249-7.
  • Patowaria, Kumar, and Nishikant V. Deshpande. 2015. “Experimental Analysis of Reverse Micro EDM for Machining Micro Tool.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes.
  • Plaza, Soraya, Jose A. Sanchez, Endika.Ruben Gil, Borja Izquierdo, Naiara Ortega, N. Ortega, and I. Pombo. 2014. “Inigo Pombo. An Experimental Study on Micro EDM Drilling of Ti6Al4V Using Helical Electrode.” Precision Engineering 38 (4): 821–827. doi:10.1016/j.precisioneng.2014.04.010.
  • Ponappa, K., S. Aravindan, P. V. Rao, J. Ramkumar, and M. Gupta. 2020. “The Effect of Process Parameters on Machining of Magnesium Nano Alumina Composites through EDM.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 46 (9–12): 1035–1042. doi:10.1007/s00170-009-2158-9. 2020.
  • Ponappa, K., K.S.K. Sasikumar, M. Sambath Kumar, and M. Udhaya Kumar. 2018. “Multi Objective Optimization of EDM Process Parameters for Machining of Hybrid Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites (Al7075/tic /B4C) Using Genetic Algorithm.” Surface Review and Letters.
  • Pradhan, B. B., and B. Bhattacharyya. 2009. “Modelling of Micro Electro Discharge Machining during Machining of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V Using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network Algorithm.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 223 (6): 683–693. doi:10.1243/09544054JEM1343.
  • Prashantha, S., R.B. Veeresha, S.M. Shashidhara, U.S. Mallikarjun, and A.G. Shivasiddaramaiah. 2017. “A Study on Machining Characteristics of Al6061-SiC Metal Matrix Composite through Wire-cut Electro Discharge Machining.” Materials Today Proceeding 4 (10).
  • Prihandana, G.S., T. Sriani, M. Mahardika, M. Hamdi, N. Miki, Y S. Wong, and K. Mitsui. 2014. “Application of Powder Suspended in Dielectric Fluid for Fine Finish micro-EDM of Inconel 718.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 75 (1–4): 599–613. doi:10.1007/s00170-014-6145-4.
  • Puertas, I., C.J. Luis, and L. Alvarez. 2004. “Analysis of the Influence of EDM Parameters on Surface Quality, MRR and EW of WC–Co.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 153-154: 1026–1032. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.04.346.
  • Puertas, I., C.J. Luis, and L. Álvarez. 2004. “Analysis of the Influence of EDM Parameter on Surface Quality, MRR and EW of “WC-CO.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 153–154.
  • Pujara, Jay M., Kartik D. Kothari, and Ashish V. Gohil. 2017. “Process Parameter Optimization for MRR and Surface Roughness during Machining LM6 Aluminium MMC on WEDM.” Advanced Engineering Forum 20: 42–50. www.scientific.net.
  • Rajendra Unune, Deepak, and Harlal Singh Mali. 2016. “Experimental Investigation on Low - Frequency Vibration Assisted Micro-EDM of Inconel 718.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 1–12. doi:10.1080/2374068X.2020.1835008.
  • Ramprabhu, T., V. Savsani, S. Parsana, N. Radadia, M. Sheth, and N. Sheth. 2018. “Multi-objective Optimization of EDM Process Parameters by Using Passing Vehicle Search (PVS) Algorithm.” Defect and Diffusion Forum 382: 138–146. www.scientific.net.
  • Ramulu, M. 1988. “EDM Sinker Cutting of a Ceramic Particulate Composite, SiC-TiB2.” Advanced Ceramic Materials 3 (4): 324–327. doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.1988.tb00227.x.
  • Ramulu, M., and J. L. Garbini. 1991. “EDM Surface Characterization of a Ceramic Composite TiB2/SiC.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 113 (4): 437–442. doi:10.1115/1.2904123.
  • Ramulu, M, HW Sec, and DH Wang. 1991. “Machining of Ceramic Composites TiB2/SiC by Spark Erosion.” Manuf. Rev 3 (2): 123–129.
  • Roy, T., P.S. Sarkar, and R. Balasubramaniam. 2020. “Non-destructive Surface Characterization of Reverse micro-EDM-induced Arrayed μ-features with Varying Aspect Ratio.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 107 (5–6): 2609–2622. doi:10.1007/s00170-020-05217-w.
  • Sachin, Ashok Sonawane, and M. L. Kulkarni. 2018. “Optimization of Machining Parameters of WEDM for Nimonic-75 Alloy Using Principal Component Analysis Integrated with Taguchi Method.” J. King Saud Univ. Eng. Sci 30 (3): 250–258. doi:10.1016/j.jksues.2018.04.001.
  • Sadhukhan, Pritam, and Rayapati Subbarao. 2021. “Study of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Hybrid Copper Metal Matrix Composite Reinforces with Graphite and SiC.” Materials Today: Proceedings 39 (Part–4): 1801–1806. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.677.
  • Saha, N., S. Chakraborty, P. P. Dey, and P. K. Das. 2014a. “Machining of ZrB2-SiC Composites by wire-EDM Technique.” Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 73 (2): 94–97. doi:10.1080/0371750X.2014.922420.
  • Saha, N., S. Chakraborty, P. P. Dey, and P. K. Das. 2014b. “Machining of ZrB2-SiC Composites by Wire-EDM Technique.” Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 73 (2): 94–97.
  • Saha, P, A Singha, SK Pal, and P Saha. 2008. “Soft Computing Models Based Prediction of Cutting Speed and Surface Roughness in Wire Electro-discharge Machining of Tungsten Carbide Cobalt Composite.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 39 (1–2): 74–84. doi:10.1007/s00170-007-1200-z.
  • Sato, T., T. Mizutani, K. Yonemochi, and K. Kawata. 1986. “The Development of an Electro Discharge Machine for Micro-hole Boring.” Precision Engineering 8 (3): 163–168. doi:10.1016/0141-6359(86)90035-8.
  • Satpathy, Avijeet, S Tripathy, N Pallavi Senapati, and Mihir Kumar Brahma. 2017. “Optimization of EDM Process Parameters for AlSiC- 20% SiC Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite with Multi Response Using TOPSIS.” Materials Today: Proceedings 4 (2): 3043–3052. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.02.187.
  • Schumacher, B.M., EDM Technology for Precision Work Pieces with Excellent Surface Quality, in Proceedings of the ISEM7, 1983,
  • Selvarajan, L., C. Sathiya Narayanan, and R. Jeya Paul. 2016a. “Optimization of EDM Parameters on Machining Si3N4–TiN Composite for Improving Circularity, Cylindricity, and Perpendicularity.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 31 (4): 4. doi:10.1080/10426914.2015.1058947.
  • Selvarajan, L., C. Sathiya Narayanan, and R. Jeya Paul. 2016b. “Optimization of EDM Parameters on Machining Si3N4–TiN Composite for Improving Circularity, Cylindricity, and Perpendicularity.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 31 (4): 405–412.
  • Senthilkumar, T.S., and R. Muralikannan. 2019. “Evaluation of Recast Layer and Parametric Optimization of EDM Process on Aluminium Based HMMCs Using Grey Relational Analysis.” Materials Research Express 6 (10): 1065a6. doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab3d73.
  • Senthilkumar, V., and M. Chandrasekar Reddy. 2012. “Performance Analysis of Cu-B<SUB align=“right”>4C Metal Matrix Composite as an EDM Electrode.” Int. J. Machining and Machinability of Materials 11 (1): 36. doi:10.1504/IJMMM.2012.044921.
  • Shahadev, B. Ubale, and D. Deshmukh Sudhir. 2017. “Experiment Based Parametric Investigation and Optimization of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Process on W-Cu Metal Matrix Composite.” Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 210–226. doi:10.1080/2374068X.2017.1413524.
  • Shinde, R., N. Patil, D. Raut, R. Pawade, and P. Brahmankar. 2016. “Experimental Investigations into Powder-Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining of HCHCrD2 Die Steel, ICCASP/ICMMD-2016.” Advances in Intelligent Systems Research 137.
  • Shu, K.M., and G.C. Tu. 2003. “Study of Electrical Discharge Grinding Using Metal Matrix Composite Electrodes.” International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 43 (8): 845–854. doi:10.1016/S0890-6955(03)00048-8.
  • Shu, Kuen-Ming, and G.C. Tu. 2001. “Fabrication and Characterization of Cu-SiCp Composites for Electrical Discharge Machining Applications.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 16: 483–502. doi:10.1081/AMP-100108522.
  • Sidhu, S.S., A. Batish, and S Kumar. 2013. “Neural Network–based Modelling to Predict Residual Stresses during Electric Discharge Machining of Al/SiC Metal Matrix Composites.” Proceedings of the ISME Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 227: 1679–1692.
  • Sidhu, S. S., A. Batish, and S. Kumar. 2014a. “Study of Surface Properties in Particulate-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites (Mmcs) Using Powder-Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM).” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 29 (1): 46–52. doi:10.1080/10426914.2013.852211.
  • Sidhu, S.S., A. Batish, and S. Kumar. 2014b. “Study of Surface Properties in Particulate-reinforced Metal Matrix Composites (Mmcs) Using Powder- Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 29 (1): 46–52.
  • Singh, Balbir, Jatinder Kumar, and Sudhir Kumar. 2014. “Experimental Investigation on Surface Characteristics in Powder-mixed Electro Discharge Machining of AA6061/10% SiC Composite.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 29 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/10426914.2014.880463.
  • Singh, Balbir, Jatinder Kumar, and Sudhir Kumar. 2015. “Influences of Process Parameters on MRR in Simple and Powder Mixed EDM of AA6061/10%SiC Composite.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 30 (3): 303–312. doi:10.1080/10426914.2014.930888.
  • Singh, Gurpreet, Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu, Reet Kanwal Singh Bains, Alkeet Singh, and A S. Bhui. 2020. “Amandeep Singh Bhui, on Surface Modification of Ti Alloy by Electro Discharge Coating Using Hydro Xyapatite Powder Mixed Dielectric with Graphite Tool.” Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 6 (3): 91. doi:10.1007/s40735-020-00389-0.
  • Singh, Inderdeep, Sarbjit Singh, and Abhishek Singh. 2013. “Conventional and Unconventional Hole Making in Metal Matrix Composites.” Woodhead Publishing Limited 169–193. doi:10.1533/9780857092199.169.
  • Singh, P.N., K. Raghukandan, M. Rathinasabapathi, and B.C. Pai. 2004. “Electric Discharge Machining of Al-10%SiCp As-cast Metal Matrix Composites.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 155-156 (1): 1653–1657. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.04.321.
  • Singh, S. 2012. “Optimization of Machining Characteristics in Electric Discharge Machining of 6061Al/Al2O3p/20P Composites by Grey Relational Analysis.” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol 1191–1202. doi:10.1007/s00170-012-3984-8.
  • Singh, S., and M. F. Yeh. 2012a. “OptimizationofAbrasivePowderMixedEDM ofAluminumMatrixCompositeswithMultiple Responses Using Gray Relational Analysis.” Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 21 (4): 481–491. doi:10.1007/s11665-011-9861-z.
  • Singh, S., and M.F Yeh. 2012b. “Optimization of Abrasive Powder Mixed EDM of Aluminium Matrix Composites with Multiple Responses Using Gray Relational Analysis.” ASM International JMEPEG 21 (4): 481–491.
  • Singh Sidhu, Sarabjeet, Ajay Batish, and Sanjeev Kumar. 2014. “Study of Surface Properties in Particulate- Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites (Mmcs) Using Powder-Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM.” Materials and Manufacturing Processes 29 (1): 46–52.
  • Sivapirakasam, S. P, and M. Surianarayanan Jose Mathew. 2011. “Constituent Analysis of Aerosol Generated from Die Sinking Electrical Discharge Machining Process.” Process Safety and Environmental Protection 89 (2): 141–150. doi:10.1016/j.psep.2010.10.003.
  • Sohani, M.S., V.N. Gaitonde, B. Siddeswarappa, and A.S. Deshpande. 2009. “Investigations into the Effect of Tool Shapes with Size Factor Consideration in Sink Electrical Discharge Machining Process.” International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 1–15.
  • Soni, J.S. 1994. “Microanalysis of Debris Formed during Rotary EDM of Titanium Alloy (Ti6al4v) and Die Steel (T215 Cr12).“ 177(1): 71–79.
  • Soni, J S, and G Chakraverti. 1996. “Experimental Investigation on Migration of Material during EDM of T215 Cr12 Die Steel.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 56 (1–4): 439–451. doi:10.1016/0924-0136(95)01858-1.
  • Srinivasan, V.P., P.K. Palani, and L. Selvarajan. 2018. “Experimental Investigation on Electrical Discharge Machining of Ceramic Composites (Si<sub align=“right”>3N<SUB align=“right”>4-TiN) Using RSM.” . International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering 7 (2): 104. doi:10.1504/IJCMSSE.2018.092541.
  • Srivastava, A. K., A. R. Dixit, and S. Tiwari. 2016. “A Review on the Intensification of Metal Matrix Composites and Its Nonconventional Machining.” Sci Eng Compos Mater 213–238. doi:10.1515/secm-2015-0287
  • Suresh Kumar, S., M. Uthayakumar, S. Thirumalai Kumaran, and P. Parameswaran. 2014. “Electrical Discharge Machining of Al (6351)–sic–b4c Hybrid Composite.” Materials And Manufacturing Processes 29: 11–12.
  • Suresh Kumar, S., M. Uthayakumar, S. Thirumalai Kumaran, P. Parameswaran, E. Mohandas, G. Kempulraj, B. S. Ramesh Babu, and S. A. Natarajan. 2018. “Parametric Optimization of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining on Aluminium Based Composites through Grey Relational Analysis.” Journal of Manufacturing Processes 20: 33–39. doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2015.09.011.
  • Suresh Kumar, S., M. Uthayakumar, S. Thirumalai Kumaran, T. Varol, and A. Canakci. 2019. “Investigating the Surface Integrity of Aluminium Based Composites Machined by EDM.” Defence Technology 15 (3): 338–343. doi:10.1016/j.dt.2018.08.011.
  • Syed, Khalid Hussain, G. P. Anuraag, Gangarapu Hemanth, and Shaik Abdul Subahan. 2015. “Powder-Mixed DM Machining of Aluminium-Silicon Carbide Composites.” Indian Journal of Science and Technology 8 (S2): 133–137. doi:10.17485/ijst/2015/v8iS2/59170.
  • Tai, T. Y., and S. J. Lu. 2009. “Improving the Fatigue Life of Electro-discharge-machined SDK11 Tool Steel via the Suppression of Surface Cracks.” International Journal of Fatigue 31 (3, March): 433–438. doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.07.013.
  • Talla, G., D. K. Sahoo, S. Gangopadhyay, and C. K. Biswas. 2015. “Modelling and Multi-objective Optimization of Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining Process of Aluminium/alumina Metal Matrix Composite.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 18 (3): 369–373. doi:10.1016/j.jestch.2015.01.007.
  • Taweel, TAE. 2009. “Multi-response Optimization of EDM with Al– Cu–Si–TiC P/M Composite Electrode.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 44 (1–2): 100–113. doi:10.1007/s00170-008-1825-6.
  • Unune, Rajendra, and Harlal Singh Mali. 2020. “Dimensional Accuracy and Surface Quality of Micro-channels with Low-frequency Vibration Assistance in Micro-electro- Discharge Milling.” Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 1–12. doi:10.1080/2374068X.2020.1835008.
  • Verma, Vijay, and R. Sahu. 2017. “Process Parameter Optimization of Die-sinking EDM on Titanium Grade – V Alloy (Ti6al4v) Using Full Factorial Design Approach.” Materials Today: Proceedings 4 (2): 1893–1899. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.02.034.
  • Vijaya Bhaskar, S., T. Rajmohan, K. Palanikumar, and B. Bharath Ganesh Kumar. 2015. “Synthesis and Characterization of Multi Wall Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNT) Reinforced Sintered Magnesium Matrix Composites.” J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D 59–67. doi:10.1007/s40033-015-0074-8.
  • Wei, Chenjun, Li Zhao, Hu Dejin, and Ni Jun. 2013. “Electrical Discharge Machining of Ceramic Matrix Composites with Ceramic Fibre Reinforcements.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 64 (1–4): 187–194. doi:10.1007/s00170-012-3995-5.
  • Zhang, Long, Hao Tong, and Li Yong. 2015. “Precision Machining of Micro Tool Electrode in Micro EDM for Drilling Array Micro Holes.” Precision Engineering 39: 100–106. doi:10.1016/j.precisioneng.2014.07.010.
  • Zhao, F. L., Z. Z. Lu, H. Wang, and Z. Q. Qian. 2005. “Research on Effecting Mechanism of Particles in Powder-mixed EDM.” Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao/ J. dalianuniv.Technol 45: 668–671.
  • Zhao, W. S., Q. G. Meng, and Z. L. Wang. 2002a. “The Application of Research on Powder Mixed EDM in Rough Machining.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 129 (1–3): 30–33. doi:10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00570-8.
  • Zhao, W. S., Q. G. Meng, and Z. L. Wang. 2002b. “The Application of Research on Powder Mixed EDM in Rough Machining.” Journal of Materials Processing Technology 129 (1–3): 30–33.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.