Environmental impact assessment process substitution: experiences of public participants

References

• Brunswick Pipeline, 2010. About the pipeline [online], Available from: http://www.brunswickpipeline.com [Accessed 24 January 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Canadian Environmental Network, Environmental Planning and Assessment Caucus . 1988 . A federal environmental assessment process: the core elements [online] , Ottawa, Canada : Canadian Environmental Network, Environmental Planning and Assessment Caucus . Available from: http://www.cen.org [Accessed 13 October 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Canadian Environmental Regulatory and Compliance News (CERC News) . 2011 . CEAA releases MOU on substitution for pipeline, power line and nuclear facilities . CERC News , 22 ( 4 ) : 3968
   Google Scholar
• Cashmore , M. , Bond , A. and Sadler , B. 2009 . Introduction: the effectiveness of impact assessment instruments . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 27 ( 2 ) : 91 – 95 .
   Google Scholar
• CEA Agency, 2008a. Public participation guide [online], Available from: http://www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca [Accessed 27 January 2011]
   Google Scholar
• CEA Agency, 2008b. Substitution under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act: a report on the evaluation of the substitution of the National Energy Board Review Process for a Canadian Environmental Assessment Act Review Panel for the Emera Brunswick Pipeline Project [online], Available from: http://www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/Content/E/5/C/E5C188AA-2D80-483C-8207-4B84437250E5/report-eng.pdf [Accessed 24 January 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Devlin , J.F. , Yap , N.T. and Wier , R. 2005 . Public participation in environmental assessment: case studies on EA legislation and practice . Canadian Journal of Development Studies , XXVI ( 3 ) : 487 – 500 .
   Google Scholar
• Doelle , M. 2008 . The federal environmental assessment process: a guide and critique , Markham, ON : LexisNexis .
   Google Scholar
• Elling , B. 2009 . Rationality and effectiveness: does EIA/SEA treat them as synonyms? . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 27 ( 2 ) : 121 – 132 .
   Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick , P. 2006 . The environmental assessment process-learning nexus: a Manitoba case study . Prairie Perspectives , 9 ( 1 ) : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick , P.J. and Sinclair , A.J. 2003 . Learning through public involvement in environmental assessment hearings . Journal of Environmental Management , 67 ( 2 ) : 161 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick , P. and Sinclair , A.J. 2009 . Multi-Jurisdictional environmental impact assessment: Canadian experiences . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 29 ( 4 ) : 252 – 260 .
   Google Scholar
• Gibson , R.B. 1993 . Environmental assessment design: lessons from the Canadian experience . Environmental Professional , 15 : 12 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Harriman Gunn , J. and Noble , B.F. 2009 . A conceptual basis and methodological framework for regional strategic environmental assessment (R-SEA) . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 27 ( 4 ) : 258 – 270 .
   Google Scholar
• House of Commons Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development, 2012, Report of the Statutory Review of the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, March 2012. Available at http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/HOC/Committee/411/ENVI/Reports/RP5300807/411_ENVI_Rpt01_PDF/411_ENVI_Rpt01-e.pdf. [Accessed 16 March 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Keen , M. , Brown , V.A. and Dyball , R. 2005 . Social learning in environmental management: towards a sustainable future , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• Kwasniak , A. 2009 . Environmental assessment, overlap, duplication, harmonization, equivalency, and substitution: interpretation, misinterpretation, and a path forward . Journal of Environmental Law and Practice , 20 : 2 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Lawrence , D.P. 2003 . Environmental impact assessment: practical solutions to common problems , New Jersey : Wiley-Interscience .
   Google Scholar
• Lynn , S. and Wathern , P. 1991 . Intervenor funding in environmental assessment process in Canada . Project Appraisal , 5 ( 3 ) : 169 – 173 .
   Google Scholar
• Middle , G. and Middle , I. 2010 . The inefficiency of environmental impact assessment: reality or myth . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 28 ( 2 ) : 159 – 168 .
   Google Scholar
• National Energy Board . 2005 . NEB substitution under the CEA Act: discussion paper , Calgary, Canada : National Energy Board .
   Google Scholar
• Noble , B.F. 2008 . Strategic approaches to regional cumulative effects assessment: a case study of the Great Sand Hills, Canada . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 26 ( 2 ) : 78 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Palerm , J.R. 2000 . An empirical–theoretical analysis framework for public participation in environmental impact assessment . Journal of Environmental Planning and Management , 43 ( 5 ) : 581 – 600 .
   Google Scholar
• Petts , J. 1999 . “ Public participation and environmental impact assessment ” . In Handbook of environmental impact assessment , Edited by: Petts , J. 145 – 177 . Oxford : Blackwell Science .
   Google Scholar
• Roberts , R. 1998 . Public involvement in environmental impact assessment: moving to a ‘Newthink’ . Interact , 4 ( 1 ) : 39 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Rutherford, S., and Campbell, K., 2004. Time well spent: a survey of public participation in federal environmental assessment panels [online], Vancouver: West Coast Environmental Law. Available from: http://www.wcel.org/resources/publication/time-well-spent-survey-public-participation-federal-environmental-assessment-p [Accessed 13 October 2011].
   Google Scholar
• Sadler , B. 1996 . International study of the effectiveness of environmental assessment: final report. Environmental assessment in a changing world: evaluating practice to improve performance , Ottawa, Canada : International Association for Impact Assessment, Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency .
   Google Scholar
• Schneider , G. , Sinclair , A.J. and Mitchell , L. 2007 . Environmental assessment process substitution: a participant's view [online] , Ottawa, Canada : Canadian Environment Network . Available from: http://www.cen.org [Accessed 13 October 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Sinclair , A.J. and Diduck , A.P. 2001 . Public involvement in EA in Canada: a transformative learning perspective . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 21 ( 2 ) : 113 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• Sinclair , A.J. and Diduck , A.P. 2009 . “ Public participation in Canadian environmental assessment: enduring challenges and future directions ” . In Environmental impact assessment process and practices in Canada , 2nd ed. , Edited by: Hanna , K.S. 56 – 82 . Toronto : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sinclair , A.J. and Doelle , M. 2010 . “ Environmental assessment in Canada: encouraging decisions for sustainability ” . In Resource and environmental management in Canada: addressing conflict and uncertainty , 4th ed. , Edited by: Mitchell , B. 462 – 495 . Toronto : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Snell , T. and Cowell , R. 2006 . Scoping in environmental impact assessment: balancing precaution and efficiency? . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 26 ( 4 ) : 359 – 376 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart , J.M. and Sinclair , A.J. 2007 . Meaningful public participation in environmental assessment: perspectives from Canadian participants, proponents and government . Journal of Environmental Assessment and Policy Management , 9 ( 2 ) : 1 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Tàbara , J.D. and Pahl-Wostl , C. 2007 . Sustainability learning in natural resource use and management [online] . Ecology and Society , 12 ( 2 ) article 3.Available from: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol12/iss2/art3/ [Accessed 13 October 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Wood , C.W. 2003 . Environmental impact assessment: a comparative review , 2nd ed. , London : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar