References
- Aas, C., Ladkin, A., & Fletcher, J. (2005). Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(1), 28–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.04.005
- Allen, C. (2007). Islamophobia and its consequences. In European Islam. Challenges for Public Policy and Society, 144–167. CEPS Centre for European Policy Studies, Paperbacks, Brussels.
- Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056–1076.
- Bahl, S., & Milne, G. R. (2006). Mixed methods in interpretive research: an application to the study of the self concept. In R. W. Belk, (Ed.) Handbook of qualitative research methods in marketing, 198–218. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
- Balli, F., Balli, H. O., & Louis, R. J. (2016). The impacts of immigrants and institutions on bilateral tourism flows. Tourism Management, 52, 221–229. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.021
- Barry, J., & Proops, J. (1999). Seeking sustainability discourses with Q methodology. Ecological Economics, 28(3), 337–345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(98)00053-6
- Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge. doi:https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203820551
- Boyle, P. J., Halfacree, K. H., & Robinson, V. (2014). Exploring contemporary migration. Routledge.
- Bramwell, B., & Sharman, A. (1999). Collaboration in local tourism policymaking. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 392–415. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00105-4
- Brown, S. R. (1980). Political subjectivity: Applications of Q methodology in political science. Yale University Press.
- Casado-Díaz, M. A., Casado-Díaz, A. B., & Casado-Díaz, J. M. (2014). Linking tourism, retirement migration and social capital. Tourism Geographies, 16(1), 124–140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2013.851266
- Cook, K. S., Cheshire, C., Rice, E. R., & Nakagawa, S. (2013). Social exchange theory. In Handbook of social psychology, 61–88. Springer.
- Dewar, K., Li, W. D., & Davis, C. H. (2007). Photographic images, culture, and perception in tourism advertising. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 22(2), 35–44.
- Dibeh, G., Fakih, A., & Marrouch, W. (2019). Tourism–growth nexus under duress: Lebanon during the Syrian crisis. Tourism Economics, 26(3), 353–370. doi:1354816619836338
- Eden, S., Donaldson, A., & Walker, G. (2005). Structuring subjectivities? Using Q methodology in human geography. Area, 37(4), 413–422.
- El Aouni, F., Cascón-Pereira, R., & Hernández-Lara, A. B. (2013). The role of emigrants in the construction of a destination brand: a new research line. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 19(1), 35–47.
- Eum, I, (2017). Korea’s response to Islam and Islamophobia: Focusing on veiled Muslim women’s experiences. Korea Observer - Institute of Korean Studies, 48(4), 825–849. doi:https://doi.org/10.29152/KOIKS.2017.48.4.825
- Fairweather, J. R., & Swaffield, S. R. (2001). Visitor experiences of Kaikoura, New Zealand: An interpretive study using photographs of landscapes and Q method. Tourism Management, 22(3), 219–228.
- Filimonau, V., & Mika, M. (2019). Return labour migration: an exploratory study of Polish migrant workers from the UK hospitality industry. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(3), 357–378. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1280778
- Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman.
- Gardner, R., Karakaşoğlus, Y., & Luchtenberg, S. (2008). Islamophobia in the media: A response from multicultural education. Intercultural Education, 19(2), 119–136. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14675980801889658
- Gobo, G. (2008). Re-conceptualizing generalization: Old issues in a new frame. In P. Alasuutari, L. Bickman, & J. Brannen (Eds.), The Sage handbook of social research methods., 193–213. SAGE. doi:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446212165.n12
- Gouldner, A. W. (1960). The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. American Sociological Review, 25(2), 161–178. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2092623
- Gray, B. (1989). Collaboration finding common ground for multi-party problems. Josey Bass.
- Griffiths, I., & Sharpley, R. (2012). Influences of nationalism on tourist-host relationships. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(4), 2051–2072. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.07.002
- Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., & Dyer, P. (2010). Locals’ attitudes toward mass and alternative tourism: The case of Sunshine Coast. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 381–394. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509346853
- Gursoy, D., Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 79–105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00028-7
- Hall, C. M. (1994). Tourism and politics: Policy, power and place. Chichester.
- Harris, B. (2002). Xenophobia: A new pathology for a new South Africa. In Hook, D and Eagle, G. (Eds.). Psychopathology and Social Prejudice. 169–184, University of Cape Town Press, Cape Town.
- Hollinshead, K. (1993). Ethnocentrism in Tourism. In M. Khan, M. Olsen, & T. Var (Eds.). VNR’s Encyclopedia of hospitality and tourism, 652–662, Van Nostrand Reinhold.
- Hollinshead, K. (2007). Indigenous Australia in the bittersweet world: The power of tourism in the projection of ‘old’ and ‘fresh’ visions of aboriginality. In D. Butler & T. Hinch (Eds.), Tourism and indigenous peoples: Issues and implications., 281–304. Elsevier.
- Huang, Y., Qu, H., & Montgomery, D. (2017). The meanings of destination: A Q method approach. Journal of Travel Research, 56(6), 793–807. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516663652
- Hudson, S., So, K. K. F., Li, J., Meng, F., & Cárdenas, D. (2019). Persuading tourists to stay–Forever! A destination marketing perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 12, 105–113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.02.007
- Hunter, W. C. (2001). Trust between culture: The tourist. Current Issues in Tourism, 4(1), 42–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500108667881
- Hunter, W. C. (2013). Understanding resident subjectivities toward tourism using Q method: Orchid Island. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(2), 331–354. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2012.685175
- Hunter, W. C. (2014). Performing culture at indigenous culture parks in Taiwan: Using Q method to identify the performers’ subjectivities. Tourism Management, 42, 294–304. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.12.014
- Hutson, G., & Montgomery, D. (2006). How do outdoor leaders feel connected to nature places? A Q method inquiry. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 10(2), 29–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03400837
- Illés, S., & Michalkó, G. (2008). Relationships between international tourism and migration in Hungary: Tourism flows and foreign property ownership. Tourism Geographies, 10(1), 98–118. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616680701825271
- Ioannides, D. (1995). A flawed implementation of sustainable tourism: The experience of Akamas. Tourism Management, 16(8), 583–592. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(95)00081-X
- Ivanov, S., & Stavrinoudis, T. A. (2018). Impacts of the refugee crisis on the hotel industry: Evidence from four Greek islands. Tourism Management, 67, 214–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.02.004
- Jamass, M. M. (2014). Images and perceptions of Muslims and Arabs in Korean popular culture and society [Master’s Thesis]. Miami: Florida International University.
- Janta, H., Brown, L., Lugosi, P., & Ladkin, A. (2011). Migrant relationships and tourism employment. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1322–1343. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.03.004
- Jeon, D. (2011). The consumption of the diabolic Arab image in “oriental” Korea: “The other” enjoying the image of “the other. Situations, 5, 99–109.
- Khazaei, A., Elliot, S., & Joppe, M. (2015). An application of stakeholder theory to advance community participation in tourism planning: The case for engaging immigrants as fringe stakeholders. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(7), 1049–1062. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1042481
- Khazaei, A., Elliot, S., & Joppe, M. (2017). Fringe stakeholder engagement in protected area tourism planning: Inviting immigrants to the sustainability conversation. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(12), 1877–1894. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1314485
- Kroker, A., Kroker, M., & Cook, D. (1990). PANIC USA: Hypermodernism as America’s. Social Problems, 37(4), 443–459. doi:https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.1990.37.4.03a00030
- Kwon, J. (2019). South Korea’s “Yemeni Refugee Problem.” Middle East Institute. Retrieved February 14, 2020, from https://www.mei.edu/publications/south-koreas-yemeni-refugee-problem.
- Lusticky, M., & Bednarova, M. (2018). Tourism destination competitiveness assessment: Research & planning practice. Global Business and Finance Review, 22, 1–7.
- McKeown, B., & Thomas, D. (1988). Q methodology. Sage Publications.
- Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. Sage.
- Montezuma, J., & McGarrigle, J. (2019). What motivates international homebuyers? Investor to lifestyle ‘migrants’ in a tourist city. Tourism Geographies, 21(2), 214–234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1470196
- Moufakkir, O. (2014). What’s immigration got to do with it? Immigrant animosity and its effects on tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 49, 108–121. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.08.008
- Nagel, C. (2016). Southern hospitality? Islamophobia and the politicization of refugees in South Carolina during the 2016 election season. Southeastern Geographer, 56(3), 283–290. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/sgo.2016.0033
- Narayan, P. K. (2004). Economic impact of tourism on Fiji’s economy: Empirical evidence from the computable general equilibrium model. Tourism Economics, 10(4), 419–433. doi:https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000042430971
- Ndione, L., Decrop, A., & Rémy, E. (2018). Migrants going back homeland for holidays: Rituals and practices of Senegalese migrants in France. Annals of Tourism Research, 70, 25–38. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.02.004
- No Cut News (2018). Jeju Yemeni refugee crisis, what have we learned? (In Korean) Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.nocutnews.co.kr/news/5082072.
- Ortona, G. (2017). Xenophobia is really that: A (rational) fear of the stranger. Mind & Society, 16(1-2), 37–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11299-016-0190-7
- Pêcheux, M. (1982). Language, Semantics and Ideology: Stating the Obvious. (H. Nagpal, Trans.), Macmillian.
- Pettit, P. (1995). The cunning of trust. Philosophy < Html_Ent Glyph="@Amp;" Ascii="&"/> Public Affairs, 24(3), 202–225. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1088-4963.1995.tb00029.x
- Pfohl, S. (1994). Images of Deviance and Social Control: A Sociological History. McGraw-Hill.
- Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Nunkoo, R., & Alders, T. (2013). London residents’ support for the 2012 Olympic Games: The mediating effect of overall attitude. Tourism Management, 36, 629–640. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.08.003
- Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. J. (2001). Culture, identity and tourism representation: Marketing Cymru or Wales? Tourism Management, 22(2), 167–179.
- Reed, M. G. (1997). Power relations and community-based planning. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(3), 566–591. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00023-6
- Ryan, C. (2002a). Equity, management, power sharing and sustainability: Issues of the “New Tourism. Tourism Management, 23(1), 17–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00064-4
- Ryan, C. (2002b). Tourism and cultural proximity: Examples from New Zealand. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(4), 952–971. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00006-3
- Schellhorn, M. (2010). Development for whom? Social justice and the business of ecotourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(1), 115–135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580903367229
- Sheikh, F. (2019a). Exploring “Korean Islam” in a climate of exclusion and Islamophobia. International Journal of Diaspora &Cultural Criticism, 9(2), 196–215. doi:https://doi.org/10.15519/dcc.2019.07.9.2.196
- Sheikh, F. (2019b). Exploring how mobility affects Muslim lives: The case of Yemeni refugees on Jeju Island. International Journal of Diaspora&Cultural Criticism, 9(1), 70–99. doi:https://doi.org/10.15519/dcc.2019.01.9.1.70
- Simons, H. W. (Ed.). (1990). The rhetorical turn: Invention and persuasion in the conduct of inquiry. University of Chicago Press.
- Smith, A. D. (2009). Ethno-symbolism and Nationalism: A cultural approach. Routledge.
- Stephenson, M. L., & Ali, N. (2010). Chapter 15: Tourism and Islamophobia. In Tourism in the Muslim World. (pp. 235–251). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- Stephenson, W. (1978). Concourse theory of communication. Communication, 3, 21–40.
- Stephenson, W. (1993). Introduction to Q methodology. Operant Subjectivity, 17, 1–13.
- Stergiou, D., & Airey, D. (2011). Q methodology and tourism research. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(4), 311–322. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2010.537316
- Sutton, W. A. (1967). Travel and understanding: Notes on the social structure of touring. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 8(2), 218–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/002071526700800206
- Tadesse, B., & White, R. (2012). Do immigrants enhance international trade in services? The case of US tourism services exports. International Journal of Tourism Research, 14(6), 567–585. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.857
- Thomas, R. (2007). Tourism partnerships and small firms: Power, participation and partition. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(1), 37–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.5367/000000007780007344
- Tsartas, P., Kyriakaki, A., Stavrinoudis, T., Despotaki, G., Doumi, M., Sarantakou, E., & Tsilimpokos, K. (2019). Refugees and tourism: A case study from the islands of Chios and Lesvos, Greece. Current Issues in Tourism, Published Online, 1–17. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1632275
- UNWTO (2010). Tourism and Migration – Exploring the Relationship between Two Global Phenomena. Retrieved August, 17–2019, from https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284413140
- Van Exel, J., D., Graaf, G. (2005). Q methodology: a sneak preview. Retrieved March 27, 2019, from http://www.qmethodology.net/index.php?page=1&year=2005.
- Watts, S., & Stenner, P. (2005). Doing Q methodology: Theory, method and interpretation. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 2(1), 67–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088705qp022oa
- Williams, A. M., & Hall, C. M. (2000a). Guest editorial: Tourism and migration. Tourism Geographies, 2(1), 2–4. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/146166800363411
- Williams, A. M., & Hall, C. M. (2000b). Tourism and migration: New relationships between production and consumption. Tourism Geographies, 2(1), 5–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/146166800363420
- Williams, A. M., Jephcote, C., Janta, H., & Li, G. (2018). The migration intentions of young adults in Europe: A comparative, multilevel analysis. Population, Space and Place, 24(1), e2123. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2123
- Williams, A. M., King, R., Warnes, A., & Patterson, G. (2000). Tourism and international retirement migration: New forms of an old relationship in southern Europe. Tourism Geographies, 2(1), 28–49.
- Worster, W. T. (2012). The evolving definition of the refugee in contemporary international law. Berkeley J. Int’l L, 30, 94.
- Yoon, Y., Gursoy, D., & Chen, J. S. (2001). Validating a tourism development theory with structural equation modelling. Tourism Management, 22(4), 363–372.
- You, X., O'leary, J., Morrison, A., & Hong, G.-S. (2000). A cross-cultural comparison of travel push and pull factors: United Kingdom vs. Japan. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 1(2), 1–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1300/J149v01n02_01
- Young, R. (1996). Intercultural Communication: Pragmatics, genealogy, deconstruction. Philadelphia.