Income advantages of communist party members before and During the transformation process

References

• Althauser, R. P., and Rubin, D. B., 1970. ‘The computerized construction of a matched sample’, American Journal of Sociology 76 (1970), pp. 325–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bian, Y., and Logan, J. R., 1996. ‘Market transition and the persistence of power: The changing stratification system in urban China’, American Sociological Review 61 (1996), pp. 739–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bian, Y., Shu, X., and Logan, J. R., 2001. ‘Communist Party membership and regime dynamics in China’, Social Forces 79 (2001), pp. 805–41.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Böröcz, J., and Róna-Tas, Á., 1995. ‘Small leap forward: Emergence of new economic elites’, Theory and Society 24 (1995), pp. 751–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1984. Social Class and Structure of Czechoslovakia, 1984. Prague: Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences [producer] and [distributor]; 1984, [Computer file].
   Google Scholar
• Dahrendorf, R., 1959. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Societies. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press; 1959.
   Google Scholar
• Dickson, B. J., and Rublee, M. R., 2000. ‘Membership has its privileges. The socioeconomic characteristics of Communist Party members in urban China’, Comparative Political Studies 33 (2000), pp. 87–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domanski, H., and Heyns, B., 1995. ‘Toward a theory of the role of the state in market transition: From bargaining to markets in post-communism’, European Journal of Sociology (Archives Européennes de Sociologie) 36 (1995), pp. 317–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erikson, R., and Goldthorpe, J. H., 1992. The Constant Flux: A Study of Class Mobility Research in Industrial Societies. Oxford: Clarendon; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Erikson, R., Goldthorpe, J. H., and Portocarero, L., 1979. ‘Intergenerational class mobility in three western European societies: England, France, and Sweden’, British Journal of Sociology 30 (1979), pp. 415–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1999. Transition Report Update. London: EBRD; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Eyal, G., Szelényi, I., and Townsley, E., 1998. Making Capitalism without Capitalists. The New Ruling Elites in Eastern Europe. London: Verso; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Fligstein, N., 1996. ‘The economic sociology of the transitions from socialism’, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 1074–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman, R., 1950. ‘Incomplete matching in ex post facto studies’, American Journal of Sociology 56 (1950), pp. 171–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganzeboom, H. B.G., and Treiman, D. J., 1996. ‘Internationally comparable measures of occupational status for the 1988 International Standard Classification of Occupations’, Social Science Research 25 (1996), pp. 201–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, T. P., 1999. Survey of Employment, Income, and Attitudes in Russia (SEIAR), [MRDF]. Codebook and Technical Report. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, University of Michigan [distributor].
   Google Scholar
• Gerber, T. P., 2000a. ‘Membership benefits or selection effects? Why former Communist Party members do better in post-Soviet Russia’, Social Science Research 29 (2000a), pp. 25–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, T. P., 2000b. Survey of Education and Stratification in Russia (SESR), [Computer file].
   Google Scholar
• Gerber, T. P., 2001. ‘The selection theory of persisting party advantages in Russia: More evidence and implications’, Social Science Research 30 (2001), pp. 653–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, T. P., 2005. Stratification and Migration Dynamics in Russia. Madison, WI: Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2005, Machine Readable Data File.
   Google Scholar
• Gerber, T. P., and Hout, M., 1998. ‘More shock than therapy: Market transition, employment, and income in Russia, 1991–1995’, American Journal of Sociology 104 (1998), pp. 1–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hankiss, E., 1990. East European Alternatives. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1990.
   Google Scholar
• King, L. P., 2000. ‘Making markets: A comparative study of postcommunist managerial strategies in central Europe’, Theory and Society 30 (2000), pp. 493–538.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolosi, T., 1986. General Social Survey (TARKI), Hungary, 1986. Budapest: Social Research Informatics Center (TARKI) [distributor]; 1986, [Computer file].
   Google Scholar
• König, W., Lüttinger, P., and Müller, W., 1988. ‘Comparative analysis of the development and structure of educational systems. Methodological foundations and the construction of a comparative educational scale’, (CASMIN Working Paper No. 12) Universität Mannheim, Mannheim.
   Google Scholar
• Lenski, G. E., Lenski, J., and Nolan, P., 1991. Human Societies. An Introduction to Macrosociology. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc; 1991.
   Google Scholar
• McFaul, M., 2002. ‘The fourth wave of democracy and dictatorship: Noncooperative transitions in the postcommunist world’, World Politics 54 (2002), pp. 212–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milanovic, B., 1998. Income, Inequality, and Poverty during the Transition from Planned to Market Economy. Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Milanovic, B., 1999. ‘Explaining the increase in inequality during transition’, Economics of Transition 7 (1999), pp. 299–341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrisson, C., 1984. ‘Income distribution in eastern Europe and western Countries’, Journal of Comparative Economics 8 (1984), pp. 121–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller, W., and Braun, M., 1997. ‘Measurement of education in comparative research’, Comparative Social Research (1997), pp. 163–201.
   Google Scholar
• Müller, W., Lüttinger, P., König, W., and Karle, W., 1989. ‘Class and education in industrial nations’, International Journal of Sociology (1989), pp. 3–39.
   Google Scholar
• Nee, V., 1989. ‘A theory of market transition: From redistribution to markets in state socialism’, American Sociological Review 54 (1989), pp. 663–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nee, V., 1991. ‘Social inequality in reforming state socialism: Between redistribution and markets in China’, American Sociological Review 56 (1991), pp. 267–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nee, V., 1996. ‘The emergence of a market society: Changing mechanisms of stratification in China’, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 908–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parish, W. L., and Michelson, E., 1996. ‘Politics and markets: Dual transformations’, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 1042–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parish, W. L., Zhe, X., and Li, F., 1995. ‘Nonfarm work and marketization of Chinese countryside’, The China Quarterly 143 (1995), pp. 697–730.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Róna-Tas, Á., 1994. ‘The first shall be last? Entrepreneurship and communist cadres in the transition from socialism’, American Journal of Sociology 100 (1994), pp. 40–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, P. R., 1996. "‘Observational studies and nonrandomized experiments’". In: Ghosh, S., and Rao, C. R., eds. Handbook of Statistics. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V; 1996. pp. 181–97.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, P. R., and Rubin, D. B., 1983. ‘The central role of the propensity score in observerational studies for causal effects’, Biometrika 70 (1983), pp. 41–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, P. R., and Rubin, D. B., 1985a. ‘Constructing a control group by multivariate matched sample methods that incorporate the propensity score’, The American Statistician 39 (1985a), pp. 33–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, P. R., and Rubin, D. B., 1985b. ‘The bias due to incomplete matching’, Biometrics 41 (1985b), pp. 103–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, D. B., 1973. ‘Matching to remove bias in observational studies’, Biometrics 29 (1973), pp. 159–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, D. B., and Thomas, N., 1996. ‘Matching using estimated propensity scores: Relating theory to practice’, Biometrics 52 (1996), pp. 249–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, H. L., 1997. ‘Matching with multiple controls to estimate treatment effects in observational studies’, Sociological Methodology 27 (1997), pp. 325–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snedecor, G. W., and Cochran, W. G., 1980. Statistical Methods. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press; 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Staniszkis, J., 1991. The Dynamics of Breakthrough in Eastern Europe. The Polish Experience. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press; 1991.
   Google Scholar
• Stark, D., 1992a. ‘Path dependence and privatization strategies in east central Europe’, East European Politics and Societies 6 (1992a), pp. 17–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark, D., 1992b. ‘From system identity to organizational diversity: Analyzing social change in eastern Europe’, Contemporary Sociology 21 (1992b), pp. 299–304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark, D., 1996. ‘Recombinant property in east European capitalism’, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 993–1027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark, D., and Bruszt, L., 1998. Postsocialist Pathways. Transforming Politics and Property in East Central Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Stern, N., 1998. "‘The future of the economic transition’". 1998, (No. 30) EBRD, London.
   Google Scholar
• Szelényi, I., and Kostello, E., 1996. ‘The market transition debate: Towards a synthesis?, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 1082–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szelényi, I., and Szelényi, S., 1995. ‘Circulation or reproduction of elites during the post-communist transformation of eastern Europe’, Theory and Society 24 (1995), pp. 615–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szelényi, I., and Treiman, D. J., 1994. Social Stratification in Eastern Europe after 1989: General Population Survey. Los Angeles, CA: Institute for Social Science Research, University of California (UCLA) [distributor]; 1994, [Computer file].
   Google Scholar
• Verhoeven, W.-J., Jansen, W., and Dessens, J., 2005. ‘Income attainment during transformation processes: A meta-analysis of the market transition theory’, European Sociological Review 21 (2005), pp. 201–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voslensky, M., 1980. Nomenklatura, Die Herrschende Klasse der Sovjetunion. Wien: Molden; 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Walder, A. G., 1992. ‘Property rights and stratification in socialist redistributive economies’, American Sociological Review 57 (1992), pp. 524–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walder, A. G., 1996. ‘Markets and inequality in transitional economies: Towards testable theories’, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 1060–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walder, A. G., 2003. ‘Elite opportunity in transitional economies’, American Sociological Review 68 (2003), pp. 899–916.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, Y., and Hannum, E., 1996. ‘Regional variation in earnings inequality in reform-era urban China’, American Journal of Sociology 101 (1996), pp. 950–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zang, X., 2006. ‘Technical training, sponsored mobility, and functional differentiation: Elite formation in China in the reform era’, Communist and Post-Communist Studies 39 (2006), pp. 39–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, X., 2000. ‘Economic transformation and income inequality in urban China: Evidence from panel data’, American Journal of Sociology 105 (2000), pp. 1135–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar