References
- Chandler , Jr and Alfred , D. 1977 . The Visible Hand: the managerial revolution in American business , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
- Chang , B.-H. and Chan-Olmsted , Sylvia M. 2005 “Relative Constancy of Advertising Spending: a cross-national examination of advertising expenditures and their determinants” , Gazette 67 ( 4 ), pp. 339 – 57 .
- Heilbronner , Robert L. and Singer , Aaron 1998 The Economic Transformation of America: 1600 to present , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
- Hooley , Graham J. and Lynch , James E. 1985 “How UK Advertisers Set Budgets” , International Journal of Advertising 4 ( 3 ), pp. 223 – 31 .
- Jones , John P. 1985 “Is Total Advertising Going Up or Down?” , International Journal of Advertising 4 ( 1 ), pp. 47 – 64 .
- Lipsey , Richard G. , Carlow , Kenneth I. and Bekar , Clifford T. 2005 Economic Transformations: general purpose technologies and long term economic growth , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Picard , Robert G. 2001 “Effects of Recessions on Advertising Expenditures: an exploratory study of economic downturns in nine developed nations” , Journal of Media Economics 14 ( 1 ), pp. 1 – 14 .
- Picard , Robert G. 2002 “US Newspaper Ad Revenue Shows Consistent Growth” , Newspaper Research Journal 23 ( 4 ), pp. 21 – 33 .
- Picard , Robert G. 2003 “Cash Cows or Entrecôte: publishing companies and new technologies” , Trends in Communication 11 ( 2 ), pp. 127 – 36 .
- Picard , Robert G. 2006 “Capital Crisis in the Profitable Newspaper Industry” , Nieman Reports 60 ( 4 ), pp. 10 – 12 .
- Price , Cindy L. 2006 Rewriting the Future for Newspaper Investors , Dallas, TX : International Newspaper Marketing Association .
- Schmalensee , Richard 1972 The Economics of Advertising , Amsterdam : North-Holland Publishing Company .
- Shaver , Mary Alice , and Shaver , Dan 2005 “Changes in the Levels of Advertising Expenditures During Recessionary Periods: a study of advertising performance in eight countries” , paper presented to the Asian-American Academy of Advertising , Hong Kong, June.
- Swerdlow , Robert A. and Blessios , V.I. 1993 “A Model for Predicting Advertising Expenditures: an inter-industry comparison” , International Journal of Advertising 12 ( 2 ), pp. 143 – 53 .
- Us Department Of Commerce, Bureau Of Economic Analysis 2007 “Current Dollar and ‘Real’ Gross Domestic Product” , http://www.bea.gov/national/index.htm#gdp .
- World Association Of Newspapers 2002 “Internet Strategies for Newspapers Revisited” , Shaping the Future of the Newspaper Strategy Report 1(3) , http://www.futureofthe newspaper.com .
- World Association Of Newspapers 2005 “Classified Models Revisited” , Shaping the Future of the Newspaper Strategy Report 4(3) , http://www.futureofthe newspaper.com .