899
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Helpfulness as Journalism's Normative Anchor

Addressing blind spots and going back to basics

REFERENCES

  • Adam, G. Stuart, Stephanie Craft, and Elliot D. Cohen. 2004. “Three Essays on Journalism and Virtue.” Journal of Mass Media Ethics 19 (3–4): 247–275. doi:10.1080/08900523.2004.9679691.
  • Arora, Neeraj K., and David H. Gustafson. 2009. “Perceived Helpfulness of Physicians’ Communication Behavior and Breast Cancer Patients’ Level of Trust Over Time.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 24 (2): 252–255. doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0880-x.
  • Ben-Porath, Sigal R. 2010. Tough Choices: Structured Paternalism and the Landscape of Choice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Blumler, Jay G., and Stephen Cushion. 2014. “Normative Perspectives on Journalism Studies: Stock-Taking and Future Directions.” Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 15 (3): 259–272. doi:10.1177/1464884913498689.
  • Borden, Sandra L. 2010. Journalism as Practice: MacIntyre, Virtue Ethics, and the Press. New York: Routledge.
  • Borger, Merel, Anita van Hoof, Irene Costera Meijer, and José Sanders. 2013. “Constructing Participatory Journalism as a Scholarly Object: A Genealogical Analysis.” Digital Journalism 1 (1): 117–134. doi:10.1080/21670811.2012.740267.
  • Bowman, Shayne, and Chris Willis. 2003. We Media: How Audiences Are Shaping the Future of News and Information. Reston, VA: The Media Center at the American Press Institute.
  • Carlson, Matt. 2016. “Metajournalistic Discourse and the Meanings of Journalism: Definitional Control, Boundary Work, and Legitimation.” Communication Theory 26 (4): 349–368. doi:10.1111/comt.12088.
  • Christians, Clifford G., Theodore L. Glasser, Denis McQuail, Kaarle Nordenstreng, and Robert A. White. 2009. Normative Theories of the Media: Journalism in Democratic Societies. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  • Conboy, Martin. 2013. Journalism Studies: The Basics. New York: Routledge.
  • Craig, David A. 2011. Excellence in Online Journalism: Exploring Current Practices in an Evolving Environment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Deuze, Mark. 2003. “The Web and Its Journalisms: Considering the Consequences of Different Types of News Media Online.” New Media & Society 5 (2): 203–230. doi:10.1177/1461444803005002004.
  • Domingo, David. 2008. “Inventing Online Journalism: A Constructivist Approach to the Development of Online News.” In Making Online News: The Ethnography of New Media Production, edited by Chris Paterson and David Domingo, 15–28. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Eide, Martin. 2017. “Normative Theories and Journalistic Role Performance.” In Journalistic Role Performance: Concepts, Contexts, and Methods, edited by Claudia Mellado, Lea Hellmueller, and Wolfgang Donsbach, 90–105. New York: Routledge.
  • Franklin, Bob. 2014. “The Future of Journalism in an Age of Digital Media and Economic Uncertainty.” Journalism Practice 8 (5): 469–487. doi:10.1080/17512786.2014.942090.
  • Franklin, Bob, and Scott A. Eldridge, eds. 2017. The Routledge Companion to Digital Journalism Studies. New York: Routledge.
  • Franklin, Bob, Martin Hamer, Mark Hanna, Marie Kinsey, and John E. Richardson. 2005. Key Concepts in Journalism Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Gillmor, Dan. 2004. We the Media: Grassroots Journalism by the People, for the People. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly.
  • Haigh, Maria, Thomas Haigh, and Nadine I. Kozak. 2017. “Stopping Fake News: The Work Practices of Peer-to-Peer Counter Propaganda.” Journalism Studies 1 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2017.1316681.
  • Hampton, Mark. 2013. “The Political Cartoon as Educationalist Journalism: David Low’s Portrayal of Mass Unemployment in Interwar Britain.” Journalism Studies 14 (5): 681–697. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2013.810905.
  • Hanitzsch, Thomas, and Tim P. Vos. 2016. “Journalism Beyond Democracy: A New Look Into Journalistic Roles in Political and Everyday Life.” Journalism 4. doi:10.1177/1464884916673386.
  • Hanusch, Folker. 2012. “Broadening the Focus: The Case for Lifestyle Journalism as a Field of Scholarly Inquiry.” Journalism Practice 6 (1): 2–11. doi:10.1080/17512786.2011.622895.
  • Heinonen, Ari. 2011. “The Journalist’s Relationship with Users: New Dimensions to Conventional Roles.” In Participatory Journalism: Guarding Open Gates at Online Newspapers, edited by Jane B. Singer, Alfred Hermida, David Domingo, Ari Heinonen, Steve Paulussen, Thorsten Quandt, Zvi Reich, and Marina Vujnovic, 34–55. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Josephi, Beate. 2013. “How Much Democracy Does Journalism Need?” Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 14 (4): 474–489. doi:10.1177/1464884912464172.
  • Kamtekar, Rachana. 2004. “Situationism and Virtue Ethics on the Content of Our Character.” Ethics 114 (3): 458–91. doi:10.1086/381696.
  • Koller, Peter. 2007. “Law, Morality, and Virtue.” In Working Virtue: Virtue Ethics and Contemporary Moral Problems, edited by Rebecca L. Walker and Philip J. Ivanhoe, 191–206. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Kreiss, Daniel, and J. Scott Brennen. 2016. “Normative Theories of Digital Journalism.” In The Sage Handbook of Digital Journalism, edited by C. W. Anderson, David Domingo, Alfred Hermida, and Tamara Witschge, 299–314. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Lambeth, E. B. 1992. Committed Journalism: An Ethic for the Profession. 2nd ed. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
  • Lewis, Seth C. 2012. “The Tension Between Professional Control and Open Participation: Journalism and Its Boundaries.” Information, Communication, & Society 15 (6): 836–866. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2012.674150.
  • Lewis, Seth C., Avery E. Holton, and Mark Coddington. 2014. “Reciprocal Journalism: A Concept of Mutual Exchange Between Journalists and Audiences.” Journalism Practice 8 (2): 229–241. doi:10.1080/17512786.2013.859840.
  • Louis, Meryl R., Barry Z. Posner, and Gary N. Powell. 1983. “The Availability and Helpfulness of Socialization Practices.” Personnel Psychology 36: 857–866. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1983.tb00515.x.
  • Nah, Seungahn. 2008. “Citizen Reporters.” In The Encyclopedia of American Journalism, edited by Stephen L. Vaughn, 100–103. New York: Routledge.
  • Nerone, John. 2013. “The Historical Roots of the Normative Model of Journalism.” Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 14 (4): 446–458. doi:10.1177/1464884912464177.
  • Nielsen, Rasmus K. 2017. “The One Thing Journalism Just Might Do for Democracy: Counterfactual Idealism, Liberal Optimism, Democratic Realism.” Journalism Studies 18 (10): 1251–1262. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2017.1338152.
  • Nip, Joyce Y. M. 2006. “Exploring the Second Phase of Public Journalism.” Journalism Studies 7 (2): 212–236. doi:10.1080/14616700500533528.
  • Oliker, Olga. 2017. “Putinism, Populism and the Defence of Liberal Democracy.” Survival 59 (1): 7–24. doi:10.1080/00396338.2017.1282669.
  • O’Neill, Onora. 1996. Towards Justice and Virtue: A Constructive Account of Practical Reasoning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Peters, Chris, and Tamara Witschge. 2015. “From Grand Narratives of Democracy to Small Expectations of Participation: Audiences, Citizenship, and Interactive Tools in Digital Journalism.” Journalism Practice 9 (1): 19–34. doi:10.1080/17512786.2014.928455.
  • Powers, Devon. 2009. “‘Bye Bye Rock’: On the Possibility of an Ethics of Rock Criticism.” Journalism Studies 10 (3): 322–336. doi:10.1080/14616700902783937.
  • Rachels, James. 1999. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. London: McGraw-Hill.
  • Schudson, Michael. 2008. Why Democracies Need an Unlovable Press. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Siegelbaum, Sasu, and Ryan J. Thomas. 2016. “Putting the Work (Back) Into Newswork: Searching for the Sources of Normative Failure.” Journalism Practice 10 (3): 387–404. doi:10.1080/17512786.2015.1025415.
  • Solomon, Robert C. 1992. “Corporate Roles, Personal Virtues: An Aristotelean Approach to Business Ethics.” Business Ethics Quarterly 2 (3): 317–39. doi:10.2307/3857536.
  • Steensen, Steen, and Laura Ahva. 2015. “Theories of Journalism in a Digital Age: An Exploration and Introduction.” Digital Journalism 3 (1): 1–18. doi:10.1080/21670811.2014.927984.
  • Sunstein, Cass R. 2014. Why Nudge? The Politics of Libertarian Paternalism. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Thaler, Richard H., and Cass R. Sunstein. 2008. Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Thomas, Ryan J. 2016. “In Defense of Journalistic Paternalism.” Journal of Media Ethics 31 (2): 86–99. doi:10.1080/23736992.2016.1152895.
  • Usher, Nikki. 2010. “Goodbye to the News: How Out-of-Work Journalists Assess Enduring News Values and the New Media Landscape.” New Media & Society 12 (6): 911–928. doi:10.1177/1461444809350899.
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin, and Thomas Hanitzsch. 2009a. “Introduction: On How and Why We Should Do Journalism Studies.” In The Handbook of Journalism Studies, edited by Karin Wahl-Jorgensen, and Thomas Hanitzsch, 3–16. New York: Routledge.
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin, and Thomas Hanitzsch, eds. 2009b. The Handbook of Journalism Studies. New York: Routledge.
  • Waisbord, Silvio. 2013. “Democracy, Journalism, and Latin American Populism.” Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 14 (4): 504–521. doi:10.1177/1464884912464178.
  • Witschge, Tamara. 2012a. “Changing Audiences, Changing Journalism?” In Changing Journalism, edited by Peter Lee-Wright, Angela Philips, and Tamara Witschge, 117–134. New York: Routledge.
  • Witschge, Tamara. 2012b. “The Tyranny Of ‘Technology’.” In Changing Journalism, edited by Peter Lee-Wright, Angela Phillips, and Tamara Witschge, 99–114. New York: Routledge.
  • Witschge, Tamara, C. W. Anderson, David Domingo, and Alfred Hermida, eds. 2016. The Sage Handbook of Digital Journalism. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Zelizer, Barbie. 2004. Taking Journalism Seriously: News and the Academy. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Zelizer, Barbie. 2009. “Journalism and the Academy.” In The Handbook of Journalism Studies, edited by Karin Wahl-Jorgensen and Thomas Hanitzsch, 29–41. New York: Routledge.
  • Zelizer, Barbie. 2013. “On the Shelf Life of Democracy in Journalism Scholarship.” Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 14 (4): 459–473. doi:10.1177/1464884912464179.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.