314
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Preliminary validation of a romantic attachment orientation measure from the California Adult Q-Sort

&
Pages 570-585 | Received 22 Apr 2015, Accepted 04 Sep 2015, Published online: 24 Sep 2015

References

  • Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Oxford England: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Banai, E., Weller, A., & Mikulincer, M. (1998). Inter-judge agreement in evaluation of adult attachment style: The impact of acquaintanceship. British Journal of Social Psychology, 37(1), 95–109. doi:10.1111/bjso.1998.37.issue-1
  • Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 226–244. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
  • Bem, D. J., & Funder, D. C. (1978). Predicting more of the people more of the time: Assessing the personality of situations. Psychological Review, 85, 485–501. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.85.6.485
  • Berscheid, E. (2010). Love in the fourth dimension. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 1–25. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100318
  • Block, J. (1961). The Q-sort method in personality assessment and psychiatric research. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.
  • Block, J. (1971). Lives through time. Berkeley, CA: Bancroft Books.
  • Block, J. (2008). The Q-sort in character appraisal: Encoding subjective impressions of persons quantitatively. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Block, J., & Block, J. H. (2006). Venturing a 30-year longitudinal study. American Psychologist, 61, 315–327. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.61.4.315
  • Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachement and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46–76). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81–105. doi:10.1037/h0046016
  • Canary, D. J., Emmers-Sommer, T. M., & Faulkner, S. (1997). Sex and gender: Differences in personal relationships. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Chopik, W. J., Edelstein, R. S., & Fraley, R. C. (2013). From the cradle to the grave: Age differences in attachment from early adulthood to old age. Journal of Personality, 81, 171–183. doi:10.1111/jopy.2013.81.issue-2
  • Chopik, W. J., Moors, A. C., & Edelstein, R. S. (2014). Maternal nurturance predicts decreases in attachment avoidance in emerging adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 53, 47–53. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2014.08.004
  • Crowell, J. A., Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (2008). Measurement of individual differences in adolescent and adult attachment. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 599–634). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Edelstein, R. S., Alexander, K. W., Shaver, P. R., Schaaf, J. M., Quas, J. A., Lovas, G. S., & Goodman, G. S. (2004). Adult attachment style and parental responsiveness during a stressful event. Attachment & Human Development, 6, 31–52. doi:10.1080/146167303100001659584
  • Edelstein, R. S., Newton, N. J., & Stewart, A. J. (2012). Narcissism in midlife: Longitudinal changes in and correlates of women’s narcissistic personality traits. Journal of Personality, 80, 1179–1204. doi:10.1111/jopy.2012.80.issue-5
  • Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Airport separations: A naturalistic study of adult attachment dynamics in separating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 1198–1212. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1198
  • Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (2000). Adult romantic attachment: Theoretical developments, emerging controversies, and unanswered questions. Review of General Psychology, 4, 132–154. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.4.2.132
  • Fraley, R. C., & Waller, N. G. (1998). Adult attachment patterns: A test of the typological model. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 77–114). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Furnham, A. (2008). Relationship among four Big Five measures of different length. Psychological Reports, 102, 312–316. doi:10.2466/pr0.102.1.312-316
  • Furr, R. M., Wagerman, S. A., & Funder, D. C. (2010). Personality as manifest in behavior: Direct behavioral observation using the revised riverside behavioral Q-Sort (RBQ-3.0). In C. R. Agnew, D. E. Carlston, W. G. Graziano, & J. R. Kelly (Eds.), Then a miracle occurs: Focusing on behavior in social psychological theory and research (pp. 186–204). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann Jr., W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504–528. doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
  • Harlow, H. F. (1958). The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13, 673–685. doi:10.1037/h0047884
  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1990). Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (1990 version) ( Unpublished manuscript). Available from Cindy Hazan, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Van Rensselaer Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853–4401.
  • Helson, R., & Srivastava, S. (2002). Creative and wise people: Similarities, differences and how they develop. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1430–1440. doi:10.1177/014616702236874
  • Helson, R., & Wink, P. (1992). Personality change in women from the early 40s to the early 50s. Psychology and Aging, 7, 46–55. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.7.1.46
  • Hesse, E. (2008). The adult attachment interview: Protocol, method of analysis, and empirical studies. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 552–598). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Klohnen, E. C., & Bera, S. (1998). Behavioral and experiential patterns of avoidantly and securely attached women across adulthood: A 31-year longitudinal perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 211–223. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.1.211
  • Kobak, R. R. (1993). The adult attachment interview Q-Set. University of Delaware. Unpublished manuscript.
  • Kowert, P. A. (1996). Where does the buck stop?: Assessing the impact of presidential personality. Political Psychology, 17, 421–452. doi:10.2307/3791963
  • Mikulincer, M., Gillath, O., & Shaver, P. R. (2002). Activation of the attachment system in adulthood: Threat-related primes increase the accessibility of mental representations of attachment figures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 881–895. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.4.881
  • Newton, N. J., & Stewart, A. J. (2013). The road not taken: Women’s life paths and gender-linked personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality, 47, 306–316. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.02.003
  • Noftle, E. E., & Shaver, P. R. (2006). Attachment dimensions and the big five personality traits: Associations and comparative ability to predict relationship quality. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 179–208. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2004.11.003
  • Onishi, M., Gjerde, P. F., & Block, J. (2001). Personality implications of romantic attachment patterns in young adults: A multi-method, multi-informant study. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1097–1110. doi:10.1177/0146167201279003
  • Peterson, B. E. (2002). Longitudinal analysis of midlife generativity, intergenerational roles, and caregiving. Psychology and Aging, 17, 161–168. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.17.1.161
  • Peterson, B. E., & Klohnen, E. C. (1995). Realization of generativity in two samples of women at midlife. Psychology and Aging, 10, 20–29. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.10.1.20
  • Roisman, G. I., & Fraley, R. C. (2012). The legacy of early interpersonal experience. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 42, 79–112.
  • Romero, E., Villar, P., Gómez-Fraguela, J. A., & López-Romero, L. (2012). Measuring personality traits with ultra-short scales: A study of the ten item personality inventory (TIPI) in a Spanish sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 289–293. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2012.03.035
  • Schindler, I., Fagundes, C. P., & Murdock, K. W. (2010). Predictors of romantic relationship formation: Attachment style, prior relationships, and dating goals. Personal Relationships, 17, 97–105. doi:10.1111/pere.2010.17.issue-1
  • Shaver, P. R., & Brennan, K. A. (1992). Attachment styles and the big five personality traits: Their connections with each other and with romantic relationship outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 536–545. doi:10.1177/0146167292185003
  • Sherman, R. A., Nave, C. S., & Funder, D. C. (2010). Situational similarity and personality predict behavioral consistency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 330–343. doi:10.1037/a0019796
  • Solomon, J., & George, C. (2008). The measurement of attachment security and related constructs in infancy and early childhood. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 383–416). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Stewart, A. J., & Vandewater, E. A. (1993). The Radcliffe class of 1964: Career and family social clock projects in a transitional cohort. In K. D. Hulbert & D. T. Schuster (Eds.), Women’s lives through time: Educated American women of the twentieth century (pp. 235–258). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Vazire, S. (2010). Who knows what about a person? The self–other knowledge asymmetry (SOKA) model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 281–300. doi:10.1037/a0017908
  • Vazire, S., & Carlson, E. N. (2011). Others sometimes know us better than we know ourselves. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 104–108. doi:10.1177/0963721411402478
  • Vonk, R., & Konst, D. (1998). Intergroup bias and correspondence bias: People engage in situational correction when it suits them. British Journal of Social Psychology, 37, 379–385. doi:10.1111/bjso.1998.37.issue-3
  • Waters, E., & Deane, K. E. (1985). Defining and assessing individual differences in attachment relationships: Q-methodology and the organization of behavior in infancy and early childhood. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50, 41–65. doi:10.2307/3333826
  • Wei, M., Liao, K. Y., Ku, T. Y., & Shaffer, P. A. (2011). Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 79, 191–221. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00677.x
  • Wei, M., Vogel, D. L., Ku, T.-Y., & Zakalik, R. A. (2005). Adult attachment, affect regulation, negative mood, and interpersonal problems: The mediating roles of emotional reactivity and emotional cutoff. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 14–24. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.52.1.14
  • Wink, P. (1992a). Three narcissism scales for the California Q-set. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 51–66. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5801_5
  • Wink, P. (1992b). Three types of narcissism in women from college to mid-life. Journal of Personality, 60, 7–30. doi:10.1111/jopy.1992.60.issue-1
  • York, K. L., & John, O. P. (1992). The four faces of Eve: A typological analysis of women’s personality at midlife. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 494–508. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.494

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.