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PART 2: COSMOPOLITANISM AND ITS LIMITS

An Island of Humanity in a Sea of Barbarism? Hamburg Jewry during the Nazi Period, 1933–45

Pages 261-270 | Published online: 31 May 2012

NOTES

  • The entire speech can be found at: http://www.contra-schill.de/hamburg/rede.html.
  • In the original: ‘hanseatische Tugenden wie Weltoffenheit und Toleranz [sind] unverzichtbare Werte gerade unserer Stadt…[und] verbieten jegliche Diskriminierung von Minderheiten’. The coalition contract can be found at: www.cduhamburg.de/content/regierung/koalitionsvertrag.pdf.
  • Lorenz , Ina S. 1991 . “ ‘Die jüdische Gemeinde Hamburg 1860–1943: Kaiserreich-Weimarer Republik-NS-Staat’ ” . In Die Juden in Hamburg 1590 bis 1990 Edited by: Herzig , Arno . 92 – 9 . Hamburg : Dölling und Galitz .
  • Read , Anthony and Fisher , David . 1989 . Kristallnacht 81 New York : Random House .
  • Sielemann , Jürgen . “ ‘Fragen und Antworten zur “Reichskristallnacht” in Hamburg’ ” . In Bewabren und Berichten: Festschrift für Hans-Dieter Loose, Zeitschrift des Vereins für Hamburgische Geschichte Edited by: Wilhelm Eckardt , Hans and Richter , Klaus . 83.1 (Hamburg: Verein für Hamburgische Geschichte, 1997), pp.473–501. Kaufmann's supposed ‘aversion’ to violence against Jewish citizens of Hamburg has also been stated by otherwise serious historians, such as Robert Gellately, who in his The Gestapo and German Society: Enforcing Racial Policy, 1933–1945 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990), p.121, has argued that the Hamburg Gauleiter was not keen on starting a pogrom and that therefore the action in the Hanseatic city had been milder than elsewhere. In this assertion Gellately relies partially on Kaufmann's own testimony.
  • Sielemann (see note 5), passim.
  • Robinsohn , Hans . 1977 . Justiz als politische Verfolgung: Die Rechtsprechung in ‘Rassenschandefällen’ beim Landgericht Hamburg, 1936–1943 Stuttgart : Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt .
  • Weinke , Wilfried . 1997 . “ ‘Die Verfolgung jüdischer Rechtsanwälte Hamburgs am Beispiel von Dr. Max Eichholz und Herbert Michaelis’ ” . In Kein abgeschlossenes Kapitel: Hamburg im ‘Dritten Reich’ Edited by: Ebbinghaus , Angelika and Linne , Karsten . 248 – 65 . Hamburg : Europäische Verlags-Anstalt .
  • Eckler , Irene . 1996 . Die Vormundschaftsakte 1935–1958: Verfolgung einer Familie wegen ‘Rassenschande’: Dokumente und Berichte aus Hamburg 13 Schwetzingen : Horneburg . 29–31.
  • A particularly telling example is that the Hamburg chapter of the Ring Deutscher Makler, the umbrella organisation of German real estate agents, expelled its Jewish members in 1933 against the explicit orders not only of the central directorship of the organisation but also of the Ministry of the Interior, run by National Socialists from the time Hider had become chancellor. See Frank Bajohr, Arisierung in Hamburg: Die Verdrängung jüdischer Unternebmer, 1933–1945 (Hamburg: Christians, 1997), p.34.
  • Ibid., passim.
  • Uwe Lohalm, ‘Hamburgs öffentliche Fürsorge und die Juden 1933 bis 1939’, in Herzig (see note 3), pp.499–514.
  • Bajohr (see note 10), pp.121–2.
  • Karl Heinz Roth, ‘Ökonomie und politische Macht: Die “Firma Hamburg” 1930–1945’, Ebbinghaus and Linne (see note 8), pp.15–176 (at 57).
  • Liedtke , Rainer . “ ‘Germany's Door to the World: A Haven for the Jews? Hamburg 1590–1933’ ” . In Port Jews: Jewish Communities in Cosmopolitan Maritime Trading Centres, 1550–1950 Edited by: Cesarani , David . 2nd edn. (London: Frank Cass, 2002), p.75–86.

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