Age and Gender Effects on Resilience in Children and Adolescents

References

• Ackerman , B. P. , Brown , E. D. and Izard , C. E. 2004 . The relations between persistent poverty and contextual risk and children's behavior in elementary school . Developmental Psychology , 40 ( 3 ) : 367 – 377 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beam , M. R. , Gil-Rivas , V. , Greenberger , E. and Chen , C. 2002 . Adolescent problem behaviour and depressed mood: risk and protection within and across social contexts . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 31 ( 5 ) : 343 – 357 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belgrave , F. Z. , Chase-Vaughn , G. , Gray , F. , Addison , J. D. and Cherry , V. R. 2000 . The effectiveness of a culture- and gender- specific intervention for increasing resiliency among African American preadolescent females . Journal of Black Psychology , 26 ( 2 ) : 133 – 147 .
   Google Scholar
• Benard , B. 1997 . Turning it Around for All Youth: From Risk to Resilience (No. EDOUD-97–7) , Washington , DC : Office of Educational Research and Improvement .
   Google Scholar
• Benard , B. 2004 . Resiliency: what we have learned cye.colorado.edu/review.pl?n=206
   Google Scholar
• Bolognini , M. , Plancherel , B. , Bettwshart , W. and Halfon , O. 1996 . Self-esteem and mental health in early adolescence: development and gender difference . Journal of Adolescence , 19 : 233 – 245 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broderick , P. C. and Korteland , C. 2002 . Coping style and depression in early adolescence: relationships to gender, gender role, and implicit beliefs . Sex Roles , 46 ( 7/8 ) : 201 – 213 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• California Department of Education . 2004 . California Healthy Kids Survey , USA : California Safe and Healthy Kids program office .
   Google Scholar
• Doll , B. and Lyon , M. 1998 . Risk and resilience: implications for the delivery of educational and mental health services in schools . School Psychology Review , 27 ( 3 ) : 348 – 363 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuBois , D. L. , Burk-Braxton , C. , Swenson , L. P. , Tevendale , H. D. , Lockerd , E. M. and Moran , B. L. 2002 . Getting by with a little help from self and others: self-esteem and social support as resources during early adolescence . Developmental Psychology , 38 ( 5 ) : 822 – 839 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frost , J. and McKelvie , S. 2004 . Self-esteem and body satisfaction in male and female elementary school, high school, and university students . Sex Roles , 51 ( 1/2 ) : 45 – 54 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frydenberg , E. and Lewis , R. 1993 . Boys play sport and girls turn to others: age, gender and ethnicity as determinants of coping . Journal of Adolescence , 16 ( 3 ) : 253 – 266 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garmezy , N. , Masten , A. S. and Tellegen , A. 1984 . The study of stress and competence in children: a building block for developmental psychopathology . Child Development , 55 : 97–11
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilligan , C. 1982 . a Different Voice , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hampel , P. and Petermann , F. 2005 . Age and gender effects on coping in children and adolescents . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 34 ( 2 ) : 73 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampel , P. and Petermann , F. 2006 . Perceived stress, coping, and adjustment in adolescents . Journal of Adolescent Health , 38 : 409 – 415 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heyman , G. D. and Legare , C. H. 2004 . Children's beliefs about gender differences in the academic and social domains . Sex Roles , 50 ( 3/4 ) : 227 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill , J. P. and Lynch , M. E. 1983 . “ The intensification of gender- related role expectations during early adolescence ” . In Girls at Puberty , Edited by: Brooks-Gunn , J. and Petersen , A. New York : Plenum .
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs , J. E. , Lanza , S. , Osgood , D. W. , Eccles , J. S. and Wigfield , A. 2002 . Changes in children's self-competence and values: gender and domain differences across grades one through twelve . Child Development , 73 ( 2 ) : 509 – 527 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladd , G. W. 1999 . Peer relationships and social competence during early and middle childhood . Annual Review of Psychology , 50 : 333 – 359 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luthar , S. S. , ed. 2003 . Resilience and Vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Luthar , S. S. and Cicchetti , D. 2000 . The construct of resilience: implications for interventions and social policies . Development and Psychopathology , 12 : 857 – 885 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McBride , C. 1995 . School-level application of a social bonding model to adolescent risk-taking behaviour . Journal of School Health , 65 : 2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , J. 1986 . What do we Mean by Relationship? , Wellesley , MA : Stone Center, Wellsley College Press .
   Google Scholar
• Plancherel , B. and Bolognini , M. 1995 . Coping and mental health in early adolescence . Journal of Adolescence , 18 : 459 – 474 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prelow , H. M. , Weaver , S. R. and Swenson , R. R. 2006 . Competence, self-esteem, and coping efficacy as mediators of ecological risk and depressive symptoms in urban African American and European American youth . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 35 : 507 – 517 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roeser , R. W. , Eccles , J. S. and Sameroff , A. J. 2000 . School as a context of early adolescents' academic and social-emotional development: a summary of research findings . The Elementary School Journal , 100 ( 5 ) : 443 – 549 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter , M. 1984 . Resilient children. Why some disadvantaged children overcome their environments, and how we can help . Psychology Today , March : 57 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Rutter , M. 1987 . Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 57 : 316 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , C. and Carlson , B. E. 1997 . Stress, coping, and resilience in children and youth . The Social Science Review , 71 ( 2 ) : 231 – 256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Størksen , I. , Røysamb , E. , Møum , T. and Tambs , K. 2005 . Adolescents with a childhood experience of parental divorce: a longitudinal study of mental health and adjustment . Journal of Adolescence , 28 : 725 – 739 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun , J. and Stewart , D. 2007 . Development of populationbased resilience measures in the primary school setting . Health Education , 107 ( 6 ) : 575 – 599 .
   Google Scholar
• Torsheim , T. , Aaroe , L. E. and Wold , B. 2001 . Sense of coherence and school-related stress as predictors of subjective health complaints in early adolescence: interactive, indirect or direct relationships . Social Science & Medicine , 53 : 603 – 614 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tusaie , K. , Puskar , K. and Sereika , S. M. 2007 . A predictive and moderating model of psychosocial resilience in adolescents . Journal of Nursing Scholarship , 39 ( 1 ) : 54 – 60 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watkins , D. , Dong , Q. and Xia , Y. 1997 . Age and gender differences in self-esteem of Chinese children . Journal of Social Psychology , 137 : 374 – 379 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werner , E. E. 1990 . “ Protective factors and individual resilience ” . In Handbook of Early Childhood Intervention , Edited by: Meisels , S. J. and Shonkoff , J. P. New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Werner , E. E. 1992 . The children of Kauai: resiliency and recovery in adolescence and adulthood . Journal of Adolescent Health , 13 : 262 – 268 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wild , L. G. , Flisher , A. J. , Bhana , A. and Lombard , C. 2004 . Associations among adolescent risk behaviours and selfesteem in six domains . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar