Clinical psychologists’ experience of cultivating reflective practice in trainee clinical psychologists during supervision: a qualitative study

References

• American Psychological Association. (2014). Guidelines for Clinical Supervision in Health Service Psychology. http://apa.org/about/policy/guidelines-supervision.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Andersen, N. B., O’Neill, L., Gormsen, L. K., Hvidberg, L., & Morcke, A. M. (2014). A validation study of the psychometric properties of the Groningen reflection ability scale. BMC Medical Education, 14(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-14-214
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bassot, B. (2015). The reflective practice guide: An interdisciplinary approach to critical reflection. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bell, T., Dixon, A., & Kolts, R. (2017). Developing a compassionate internal supervisor: Compassion-focused therapy for trainee therapist. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 24(3), 632–648. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• British Psychological Society. (2009). Code of ethics and conduct. Guidance published by the ethics committee of the British Psychological Society. Retrieved April , 2017, from https://beta.bps.org.uk/sites/beta.bps.org.uk/files/Policy%20-%20Files/Code%20of%20Ethics%20and%20Conduct%20%282009%29.pdf
   Google Scholar
• British Psychological Society. (2014). DCP policy on supervision. Retrieved May , 2017, from http://www.bps.org.uk/system/files/Publicfiles/inf224_dcp_supervision.pdf
   Google Scholar
• British Psychological Society. (2017). Standards for the accreditation of doctoral programmes in clinical psychology. Retrieved January , 2019, from https://www.ucl.ac.uk/clinical-psychology-doctorate/sites/clinical-psychology-doctorate/files/Appendix4r2010.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Brown, K., Fenge, L. A., & Young, N. (2005). Researching reflective practice: An example from post-qualifying social work education. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 10(3), 389–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/13596740500200212
   Google Scholar
• Carmichael, K., Rushworth, I., & Fisher, P. (2020). ‘You’re opening yourself up to new and different ideas’: Clinical psychologists’ understandings and experiences of using reflective practice in clinical work: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. Reflective Practice, 21(4), 520–533. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2020.1775569
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke, V., & Braun, V. (2017). Thematic analysis. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3), 297–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1262613
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke, V., Braun, V., & Hayfield, N. (2015). Thematic analysis. In J. Smith (Ed.), Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods (pp. 222–248). SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Curtis, D. F., Elkins, S. R., Duran, P., & Venta, A. C. (2016). Promoting a climate of reflective practice and clinician self-efficacy in vertical supervision. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 10(3), 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1037/tep0000121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, S. (2012). Embracing reflective practice. Education for Primary Care, 23(1), 9–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/14739879.2012.11494064
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deal, K. H. (2007). Psychodynamic theory. Advances in Social Work, 8(1), 184–195. https://doi.org/10.18060/140
   Google Scholar
• Denman, C. (2001). Cognitive–analytic therapy. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 7(4), 243–256. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.7.4.243
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health. (2004). Organising and delivering psychological therapies. Retrieved May, 2017, from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20040823180324/dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh_4086097.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Embo, M. P. C., Driessen, E., Valcke, M., & Van Der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2014). Scaffolding reflective learning in clinical practice: A comparison of two types of reflective activities. Medical Teacher, 36(7), 602–607. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2014.899686
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher, P., Chew, K., & Leow, Y. J. (2015). Clinical psychologists’ use of reflection and reflective practice within clinical work. Reflective Practice, 16(6), 731–743. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2015.1095724
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs, G. (1988). Learning by doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Furhter Education Unit, Oxford University.
   Google Scholar
• Gonsalvez, C. J., & Calvert, F. L. (2014). Competency-based models of supervision: Principles and applications, promises and challenges. Australian Psychologist, 49(4), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonsalvez, C. J., Hamid, G., Savage, N. M., & Livni, D. (2017). The supervision evaluation and supervisory competence scale: Psychometric validation. Australian Psychologist, 52(2), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12269
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, A., Kinnersley, P., Metcalf, E., Pill, R., & Houston, H. (2006). Students’ views of reflective learning techniques: An efficacy study at a UK medical school. Medical Education, 40(4), 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02415.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hargreaves, J., & Page, L. (2013). Reflective practice. John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Health & Care Professions Council. (2015). Practitioner psychologists. Standard of proficiency: Practitioner psychologists. Retrieved June, 2017, from https://www.hcpc-uk.org/globalassets/resources/standards/standards-of-proficiency—practitioner-psychologists.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hobbs, V. (2007). Faking it or hating it: Can reflective practice be forced? Reflective Practice, 8(3), 405–417. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623940701425063
   Google Scholar
• Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (2014). Research methods in psychology (4th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
   Google Scholar
• Johnston, L. H., & Milne, D. L. (2012). How do supervisee’s learn during supervision? A grounded theory study of the perceived developmental process. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 5(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X12000013
   Google Scholar
• Keegan, E., & Holas, P. (2009). Cognitive-behavior therapy: Theory and practice. In R. Carlstedt (Ed.), Integrative clinical psychology, psychiatry and behavioral medicine (pp. 605–630). Springer Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Lagueux, R. C. (2014). A spurious John Dewey quotation on reflection. https://www.academia.edu/17358587/A_Spurious_John_Dewey_Quotation_on_Reflection
   Google Scholar
• Leigh, J. (2016). An embodied perspective on judgements of written reflective practice for professional development in higher education. Reflective Practice, 17(1), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2015.1123688
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe, M., Rappolt, S., Jaglal, S., & Macdonald, G. (2007). The role of reflection in implementing learning from continuing education into practice. The Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 27(3), 143–148. https://doi.org/10.1002/chp.117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milne, D. (2009). Evidence-based clinical supervision. Principles and practice. BPS Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Naghdipour, B., & Emeagwali, O. L. (2013). Assessing the level of reflective thinking in ELT students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 266–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.052
   Google Scholar
• Neville, P. (2018). Introducing dental students to reflective practice: A dental educator’s reflection. Reflective Practice, 19(2), 278–290. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2018.1437400
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, Q. D., Fernandez, N., Karsenti, T., & Charlin, B. (2014). What is reflection? A conceptual analysis of major definitions and a proposal of a five-component model. Medical Education, 48(12), 1176–1189. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Donovan, A., Halford, W. K., & Walters, B. (2011). Towards best practice supervision of clinical psychology trainees. Australian Psychologist, 46(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-9544.2011.00033.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ooi, S. M., Fisher, P., & Coker, S. (2020). A systematic review of reflective practice questionnaires and scales for healthcare professionals: A narrative synthesis. Reflective Practice, 22(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2020.1801406
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Reilly, S. L., & Milner, J. (2015). Transitions in reflective practice: Exploring student development and preferred methods of engagement. Nutrition & Dietetics, 72(2), 150–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12134
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pai, H. C. (2015). The effect of a self-reflection and insight program on the nursing competence of nursing students: A longitudinal study. Journal of Professional Nursing, 31(5), 424–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2015.03.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priddis, L., & Rogers, S. L. (2018). Development of the reflective practice questionnaire: Preliminary findings. Reflective Practice, 19(1), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2017.1379384
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Psychology Board of Australia. (2015). Registration standard: Continuing professional development. Retrieved December , 2018, from https://www.psychologyboard.gov.au/Standards-and-Guidelines/Registration-Standards.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Psychology Board of Australia. (2018). Guidelines for supervisor training providers. Retrieved November , 2018, from https://www.psychologyboard.gov.au/news/2018-06-08-revised-guidelines-for-supervisors-and-supervisor-training-providers-published-today.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Renner, B., Kimmerle, J., Cavael, D., Ziegler, V., Reinmann, L., & Cress, U. (2014). Web-based apps for reflection: A longitudinal study with hospital staff. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schön, D. (1983). The reflective practitioner. Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Smite, M., & Trede, F. (2013). Reflective practice in the transition phase from university student to novice graduate: Implications for teaching reflective practice. Higher Education Research and Development, 32(4), 632–645. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2012.709226
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stratton, P., & Lask, J. (2013). The development of systemic family therapy for changing times in the United Kingdom. Contemporary Family Therapy, 35(2), 257–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-013-9252-8
   Google Scholar
• Tomlin, A. M., Weatherston, D. J., & Pavkov, T. (2014). Critical component of reflective supervision: Responses from expert supervisors in the field. Infant Mental Health Journal, 35(1), 70–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tricio, J., Woolford, M., & Escudier, M. (2015). Dental students’ reflective habits: Is there a relation with their academic achievements? European Journal of Dental Education, 19(2), 113–121. https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Truter, E., & Fouché, A. (2015). Reflective supervision: Guidelines for promoting resilience amongst designated social workers. Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, 51(2), 444. https://doi.org/10.15270/51-2-444
   Google Scholar