The convergence in domestic value-added of exports in the EU

References

• Agnese, P., & Ricart, J. E. (2009). Offshoring: Facts and numbers at the country level ( MPRA Paper No. 16503). Retrieved from http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/16503/1/MPRA_paper_16503.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad, N. (2013). Estimating trade in value-added: Why and how? In D. K. Elms & P. Low (Eds.), Global value chains in a changing world (pp. 85–108). Geneva: WTO Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Aiyar, S., Augustyniak, B., Ebeke, C., Ebrahimy, E., Elekdag, S., Klein, N., … Muir, D., et al. (2013). German-Central European Supply Chain—Cluster Report. In IMF Multi-Country Report No. 13/263. (pp. 2–16). Washington: International Monetary Fund.
   Google Scholar
• Altomonte, C., Di Mauro, F., Ottaviano, G., Rungi, A., & Vicard, V. (2012). Global value chains during the great trade collapse: A bullwhip effect? European Central Bank Working Paper Series No.1412.
   Google Scholar
• Amador, J., & Cabral, S. (2014). Global Value Chains: Surveying Drivers, Measures and Impacts ( Working Papers 3/2014). Lisboa, Banco de Portugal.
   Google Scholar
• Aminian, N., Fung, K. C., & Iizaka, H. (2007). Foreign direct investment, intra-regional trade and production sharing in East Asia (RIETI Discussion Paper Series 07-E-064). Tokyo: The Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry.
   Google Scholar
• Augustyniak, B., Ebeke, C., Klein, N., & Zhao, H. (2013). German-Central European supply chain—Cluster Report—First background note—Trade linkages. In IMF Multi-Country Report No. 13/263 (pp. 17–35). Washington: International Monetary Fund.
   Google Scholar
• Backer, K. D., & Miroudot, S. (2013). Mapping global value chains ( OECD Trade Policy Papers No. 159). Paris: OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R. (2011). Trade and industrialisation after globalisation’s 2nd unbundling: How building and joining a supply chain are different and why it matters ( Working paper No. 17716). National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R. (2012). Global supply chains: Why they emerged, why they matter, and where they are going ( Working paper FGI-2012-1). Fung Global Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R. E. (1994). The effect of trade and foreign direct investment on employment and relative wages ( OECD Economic Studies No. 23). Paris:OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R., & Lopez-Gonzalez, J. (2013). Supply chain trade: A portrait of global patterns and several testable hypotheses ( Working Paper No. 18957). National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R., & Robert-Nicoud, F., 2007. Offshoring: General equilibrium effects on wages, production and trade ( Working paper No. 12991). National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R., & Venables, A. J. (2013). Spiders and snakes : Offshoring and agglomeration in the global economy. Journal of International Economics, 90, 245–254.10.1016/j.jinteco.2013.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banga, R. (2014). Linking into global value chains is not sufficient: Do you export domestic value added contents? Journal of Economic Integration, 29, 267–297.10.11130/jei.2014.29.2.267
   Google Scholar
• Behar, A., & Freund, C. (2011). Factory Europe? Brainier but not Brawnier. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ECAEXT/Resources/258598-1284061150155/7383639-1323888814015/022302_01.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Bems, R., Johnson, R. C., & Yi, K.-M. (2011). Vertical linkages and the collapse of global trade. American Economic Review, 101, 308–312.10.1257/aer.101.3.308
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrus, M., Ernst, D., & Haggard, S. (Eds.). (2000). International production networks in Asia. London and New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Coucke, K., & Sleuwaegen, L. (2008). Offshoring as a survival strategy: Evidence from manufacturing firms in Belgium. Journal of International Business Studies, 39, 1261–1277.10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daudin, G., Rifflart, C., & Schweisguth, D. (2011). Who produces for whom in the world economy? Canadian Journal of Economics, 44, 1403–1437.10.1111/caje.2011.44.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dean, M. J. (2013). Why measuring value-added trade matters for developing countries. In A. Mattoo, Z. Wang, & S.-J. Wei (Eds.), Trade in value added: Developing new measures of cross-border trade (pp. 47–58). Washington: The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• De Backer, K., & Yamano, N. (2012). International comparative evidence on global value chains ( OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers 2012/03). Paris: OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Dedrick, J., Kraemer, K. L., & Linden, G. (2010). Who profits from innovation in global value chains?: A study of the iPod and notebook PCs. Industrial and Corporate Change, 19, 81–116.10.1093/icc/dtp032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietzenbacher, E., Los, B., Stehrer, R., Timmer, M., & de Vries, G. (2013). The construction of world input–output tables in the WIOD project. Economic Systems Research, 25, 71–98.10.1080/09535314.2012.761180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixit, A. K., & Grossman, G. M. (1982). Trade and protection with multistage production. The Review of Economic Studies, 49, 583–594.10.2307/2297288
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drake-Brockman, J., & Stephenson, S. (2012). Implications for 21st century trade and development of the emergence of services value chains.  Prepared for IADB and ICTSD E-15 experts dialogue on GVCs. Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• Ernst, D. (1997). From partial to systemic globalization: International production networks in the electronics industry ( Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy Working Paper No. 98). University of California at Berkeley.
   Google Scholar
• Escaith, H., Lindenberg, N., & Miroudot, S. (2010). Global value chains and the crisis: Reshaping international trade elasticity? In O. Cattaneo, G. Gereffi, & C. Staritz (Eds.), Global value chains in a postcrisis world (pp. 73–124). Washington: The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Feenstra, R. C. (1998). Integration of trade and disintegration of production in the global economy. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 12, 31–50.10.1257/jep.12.4.31
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fröebel, F., Heinrichs, J., & Kreye, O. (1980). The new international division of labour: Structural unemployment in industrialised countries and industrialisation in developing countries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gál, Z. (2014). Relocation of business services into Central and Eastern Europe (evidence from trade and location statistics). Romanian Review of Regional Studies, 10, 67–78.
   Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G. (1994). The organization of buyer-driven global commodity networks chains: How U.S. retailers shape overseas production. In G. Gereffi & M. Korzeniewicz (Eds.), Commodity chains and global capitalism (pp. 95–122). Westport (USA): Praeger Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G., & Fernandez-Stark, K. (2010). The offshore services value chain: Developing countries and the crisis ( Policy Research Working Paper Series, No. 5262). The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G., & Lee, J. (2012). Why the world suddenly cares about global supply chains. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 48, 24–32.10.1111/j.1745-493X.2012.03271.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G., & Luo, X. (2014). Risks and opportunities of participation in global value chains ( Policy Research Working Paper No. 6847). The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G., & Korzeniewicz, M. (Eds.). (1994). Commodity chains and global capitalism. Westport (USA): Praeger Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Godart, O., & Görg, H. (2011). The role of global value chains for German manufacturing. In A. Sydor (Ed.), Trade policy research 2011 - Global value chains (pp. 335–366). Ottawa: Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Grossman, G. M., & Helpman, E. (2005). Outsourcing in a global economy. Review of Economic Studies, 72, 135–159.10.1111/roes.2005.72.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossman, G. M., & Rossi-Hansberg, E. (2008). Trading tasks: A simple theory of offshoring. American Economic Review, 98, 1978–1997.10.1257/aer.98.5.1978
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson, G. H., Mataloni, R. J., Jr, & Slaughter, M. J. (2005). Vertical production networks in multinational firms. Review of Economics and Statistics, 87, 664–678.10.1162/003465305775098080
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harms, P., Lorz, O., & Urban, D. (2012). Offshoring along the production chain. Canadian Journal of Economics, 45, 93–106.10.1111/caje.2012.45.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hausmann, R., Hwang, J., & Rodrik, D. (2007). What you export matters. Journal of Economic Growth, 12(1), 1–25.10.1007/s10887-006-9009-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, J., Dicken, P., Hess, M., Coe, N., & Yeung, H. W. C. (2002). Global production networks and the analysis of economic development. Review of International Political Economy, 9, 436–464.10.1080/09692290210150842
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hummels, D., Ishii, J., & Yi, K. M. (2001). The nature and growth of vertical specialization in world trade. Journal of International Economics, 54, 75–96.10.1016/S0022-1996(00)00093-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, R. C., & Noguera, G. (2012). Accounting for intermediates: Production sharing and trade in value added. Journal of International Economics, 86, 224–236.10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.10.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, P. H., & Li, M. (2014). Injecting demand through spillovers: Foreign direct investment, domestic socio-political conditions, and host-country entrepreneurial activity. Journal of Business Venturing, 29, 210–231.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koopman, R., Powers, W., Wang, Z., & Wei, S. J. (2010). Give credit where credit is due: Tracing value added in global production chains ( Working Paper No. 16426). National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Koopman, R., Wang, Z., & Wei, S. J. (2014). Tracing value-added and double counting. American Economic Review, 104, 459–494.10.1257/aer.104.2.459
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraemer, K., Linden, G., & Dedrick, J. (2011). Capturing value in global networks: Apple’s iPad and iPhone. Retrieved from http://econ.sciences-po.fr/sites/default/files/file/Value_iPad_iPhone.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Krugman, P. (1995). Growing world trade : Causes and consequences. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 26, 327–377.10.2307/2534577
   Google Scholar
• Labaye, E., Sjåtil, P. E., Bogdan, W., Novak, J., Mische, J., Fruk, M., & Ionuţiu, O. (2013). A new dawn: Reigniting growth in Central and Eastern Europe. Budapest, Warsaw, Prague: McKinsey Global Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Lawrence, R. Z. (1994). Trade, multinationals, & labor ( Working Paper No. 4836). National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Lorentowicz, A., Marin, D., & Raubold, A. (2005). Is human capital losing from outsourcing? Evidence for Austria and Poland. In S. Brakman & H. Garretsen (Eds.), Foreign direct investment and the multinational enterprise (pp. 225–258). Massachusetts: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Los, B., Timmer, M. P., & de Vries, G. J. (2015). How global are global value chains? A new approach to measure international fragmentation. Journal of Regional Science, 55, 66–92.10.1111/jors.2015.55.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Low, P. (2013). The role of services in global value chains. In D. K. Elms & P. Low (Eds.), Global value chains in a changing world (pp. 61–82). Geneva: WTO Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Marin, D. (2004). A nation of poets and thinkers’ - Less so with eastern enlargement? Austria and Germany ( SFB/TR 15 Discussion Paper No. 77).
   Google Scholar
• Marin, D. (2011). The opening up of Eastern Europe at 20: Jobs, skills and reverse maquiladoras in Austria and Germany. In M. N. Jovanović (Ed.), International handbook on the economics of integration (Volume II, 296–323). Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Messerlin, P. A. (1995). The impact of trade and capital movements on labour evidence on the French case. OECD Economic Studies, 24, 89–124.
   Google Scholar
• Mitra, D., & Ranjan, P. (2010). Offshoring and unemployment: The role of search frictions labor mobility. Journal of International Economics, 81, 219–229.10.1016/j.jinteco.2010.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicita, A., Ognivtsev, V., & Shirotori, M. (2013). Global supply chains: Trade and economic policies for developing countries ( Policy Issues In International Trade And Commodities Study Series No. 55). Geneva: UNCTAD.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2013a). Interconnected economies: Benefiting From global value chains. Paris: OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2013b). OECD-WTO database on trade in value-added. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/TIVA%20flyer%20FINAL.pdf
   Google Scholar
• OECD,WTO and World Bank Group. (2014). Global value chains: Challenges, opportunities, and implications for policy. Report prepared for submission to the G20 Trade Ministers Meeting Sydney, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Ornelas, E., & Turner, J. L. (2008). Trade liberalization, outsourcing, and the hold-up problem. Journal of International Economics, 74, 225–241.10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers, W. (2012). The Value of Value Added: Measuring global engagement with gross and value-added trade ( Working paper No. 2012-11A). Washington, DC: U.S. International Trade Commission.
   Google Scholar
• Rahman, J., & Zhao, T. (2013). Export performance in Europe: What do we know from supply links? ( IMF Working Paper No. 13/62).
   Google Scholar
• Reinstaller, A., & Unterlass, F. (2011). Sectoral innovation modes and the distance to the technological frontier. Paper presented at the DIME Final Conference Maastricht, the Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Saito, M., Ruta, M., & Turunen, J. (2013). Trade interconnectedness: The world with global value chains. Washington: International Monetary Fund.
   Google Scholar
• Sass, M., & Fifekova, M. (2011). Offshoring and outsourcing business services to central and eastern Europe: Some empirical and conceptual considerations. European Planning Studies, 19, 1593–1609.10.1080/09654313.2011.586196
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stehrer, R., Ali-Yrkkö, J., Hanzl-Weiss, D., Foster, N., Rouvinen, P., Seppälä, T., Stöllinger, R., … Ylä-Anttila, P. (2011). Trade in intermediate products and EU manufacturing supply chains ( Research Reports 369). The Vienna Instutute for International Economic Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Stehrer, R., & Stöllinger, R. (2013). Positioning Austria in the global economy: Value added trade, international production sharing and global linkages ( FIW Research Reports 2013 N°02). FIW.
   Google Scholar
• Stephenson, S. (2012). Services and global value chains. In The shifting Geography of global value chains: Implications for developing countries and trade policy (pp. 18–23). Geneva: World Economic Forum.
   Google Scholar
• Stephenson, S., & Drake-Brockman, J. (2014). The services trade dimension of global value chains: Policy implications for commonwealth developing countries and small states ( Commonwealth Trade Policy Discussion Papers 2014/04). London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
   Google Scholar
• Swenson, D. L. (2000). Firm outsourcing decisions: Evidence from U.S. foreign trade zones. Economic Inquiry, 38, 175–189.10.1111/ecin.2000.38.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timmer, M. P., Dietzenbacher, E., Los, B., & Stehrer, R. (2015). An illustrated user guide to the world input – Output database: The case of global automotive production. Review of International Economics, 23, 575–605.10.1111/roie.2015.23.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taglioni, D., & Winkler, D. (2014). Making global value chains work for development. Washington: The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• UNCTAD. (2013). World investment report 2013. Global value chains: Investment and trade for development. New York and Geneva: United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• UNCTAD, OECD and WTO. (2013). Implications of global value chains for trade, investment, development and jobs ( Prepared for the G-20 Leaders Summit). Saint Petersburg: Russian Federation.
   Google Scholar
• van der Ploeg, F., & Poelhekke, S. (2008). Globalization and the rise of mega-cities in the developing world. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 1, 477–501.10.1093/cjres/rsn008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing, Y., & Detert, N. (2010). How the iPhone widens the United States trade deficit with the People’s Republic of China ( ADBI Working Paper 257). Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute.
   Google Scholar