References
- Amsel , A. 1958 . The role of frustrative non-reward in non-continuous reward situations . Psychological Bulletin , 55 : 102 – 19 .
- Amsel , A. 1972 . “ Behavioral habituation, counterconditioning, and a general theory of persistence ” . In Classical Conditioning II: Current Theory and Research Edited by: Black , A. and Prokasy , W. New York : Appleton-Century-Crofts .
- Benson , J. S. and Kennelly , K. J. 1976 . Learned helplessness: The result of uncontrollable reinforcements or uncontrollable aversive stimuli? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 34 : 138 – 45 .
- Brown , R. T. and Logan , F. A. 1965 . Generalized partial reinforcement effect . Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology , 60 : 64 – 9 .
- Eisenberger , R. , Carlson , J. , Guile , M. and Shapiro , N. 1979 . Transfer of effort across behaviors . Learning and Motivation , in press.
- Eisenberger , R. , Heerdt , W. A. , Hamdi , M. , Zimet , S. and Bruckmeir , G. 1979 . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , Transfer of persistence across behaviors.,in press.
- Eisenberger , R. , Leonard , J. M. , Carlson , J. and Park , D. C. 1979 . Transfer effects of contingent and non-contingent positive reinforcement: Mechanisms and generality . American Journal of Psychology , in press.
- Eisenberger , R. , Park , D. and Frank , M. 1976 . Learned industriousness and social reinforcement . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 33 : 227 – 32 .
- Eisenberger , R. , Terborg , R. and Carlson , J. 1979 . Transfer of persistence across reinforced behaviors . Animal Learning and Behavior , in press.
- Goodkin , F. 1976 . Rats learn the relationship between responding and environmental events: An expansion of the learned helplessness hypothesis . Learning and Motivation , 7 : 382 – 93 .
- Hinde , R. A. 1970 . Animal Behavior: A Synthesis of Ethology and Comparative Psychology New York : McGraw-Hill .
- Lewis , M. 1964 . Some non-decremental effects of effort . Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology , 57 : 367 – 72 .
- Logan , F. A. 1956 . A micromolar approach to behavior theory . Psychological Review , 63 : 63 – 73 .
- Logan , F. A. 1960 . Incentive New Haven, Conn. : Yale University Press .
- McCuller , R. , Wong , P. T. P. and Amsel , A. 1976 . Transfer of persistence from fixedratio bar press training to runway extinction . Animal Learning and Behavior , 4 : 53 – 57 .
- Rashotte , M. E. 1971 . Influence of partial reinforcement of running on the extinction of continuously reinforced barpressing in rats . Psychonomic Science , 25 : 145 – 7 .
- Ross , R. R. 1964 . Positive and negative partial reinforcement effects carried through continuous reinforcement, changed motivation, and changed response . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 68 : 492 – 502 .
- Seligman , M. E. P. 1975 . Helplessness San Francisco : Freeman .
- Spear , N. E. and Pavlik , W. B. 1966 . Percentage of reinforcement and reward magnitude effects in a T-maze: Between and within subjects . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 71 : 521 – 28 .
- Thompson , R. F. and Spencer , W. A. 1966 . Habituation: A model phenomenon for the study of neuronal substrates of behavior . Psychological Review , 73 : 16 – 43 .
- Wenrich , W. W. , Eckman , G. E. , Moore , M. T. and Houston , D. F. 1967 . A trans-response effect of partial reinforcement . Psychonomic Science , 9 : 247 – 8 .
- Wheatley , K. L. , Welker , R. L. and Miles , R. C. 1977 . Acquisition of bar-pressing in rats following experience with response-independent food . Animal Learning and Behavior , 5 : 236 – 42 .