Reconstitution of adaptive and innate immunity following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in humans

References

• Koehne G, Zeller W, Stockschlaeder M, Zander AR. Phenotype of lymphocyte subsets after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997; 19: 149–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kieper WC, Troy A, Burghardt JT, et al. Recent immune status determines the source of antigens that drive homeostatic T cell expansion. J Immunol 2005; 174: 3158–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michalek J, Collins RH, Hill BJ, et al. Identification and monitoring of graft-versus-host specific T-cell clone in stem cell transplantation. Lancet 2003; 361: 1183–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peggs KS, Verfuerth S, Pizzey A, et al. Adoptive cellular therapy for early cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation with virus-specific T-cell lines. Lancet 2003; 362: 1375–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laylor R, Dewchand H, Simpson E, Dazzi F. Engraftment of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells requires both inhibition of host-versus-graft responses and ‘space’ for homeostatic expansion. Transplantation 2005; 79: 1484–91
   Google Scholar
• Chalandon Y, Degermann S, Villard J, et al. Pretransplantation CMV-specific T cells protect recipients of T-cell-depleted grafts against CMV-related complications. Blood 2006; 107: 389–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orsini E, Alyea EP, Chillemi A, et al. Conversion to full donor chimerism following donor lymphocyte infusion is associated with disease response in patients with multiple myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2000; 6: 375–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Sa S, Peggs K, Pizzey A, et al. T- and B-cell immune reconstitution and clinical outcome in patients with multiple myeloma receiving T-cell-depleted, reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation with an alemtuzumab-containing conditioning regimen followed by escalated donor lymphocyte infusions. Br J Haematol 2003; 123: 309–22
   Google Scholar
• Bellucci R, Alyea EP, Weller E, et al. Immunologic effects of prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusion after allogeneic marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma. Blood 2002; 99: 4610–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackall CL, Fleisher TA, Brown MR, et al. Distinctions between CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell regenerative pathways result in prolonged T-cell subset imbalance after intensive chemotherapy. Blood 1997; 89: 3700–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim FT, Cepeda R, Kaimei S, et al. Constraints on CD4 recovery postchemotherapy in adults: thymic insufficiency and apoptotic decline of expanded peripheral CD4 cells. Blood 1997; 90: 3789–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohler S, Wagner U, Pierer M, et al. Post-thymic in vivo proliferation of naive CD4+ T cells constrains the TCR repertoire in healthy human adults. Eur J Immunol 2005; 35: 1987–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tayebi H, Kuttler F, Saas P, et al. Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilization on phenotypical and functional properties of immune cells. Exp Hematol 2001; 29: 458–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oehler VG, Radich JP, Storer B, et al. Randomized trial of allogeneic related bone marrow transplantation versus peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2005; 11: 85–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tayebi H, Tiberghien P, Ferrand C, et al. Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation results in less alteration of early T cell compartment homeostasis than bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 27: 167–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackall CL, Fleisher TA, Brown MR, et al. Age, thymopoiesis, and CD4+ T-lymphocyte regeneration after intensive chemotherapy. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 143–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douek DC, Vescio RA, Betts MR, et al. Assessment of thymic output in adults after haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and prediction of T-cell reconstitution. Lancet 2000; 355: 1875–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douek DC, McFarland RD, Keiser PH, et al. Changes in thymic function with age and during the treatment of HIV infection. Nature 1998; 396: 690–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berzins SP, Godfrey DI, Miller JF, Boyd RL. A central role for thymic emigrants in peripheral T cell homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 9787–91
   Google Scholar
• Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, de Pauw ES, et al. T-cell receptor excision circle and T-cell dynamics after allogeneic stem cell transplantation are related to clinical events. Blood 2002; 99: 3449–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewin SR, Heller G, Zhang L, et al. Direct evidence for new T-cell generation by patients after either T-cell-depleted or unmodified allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations. Blood 2002; 100: 2235–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinberg K, Blazar BR, Wagner JE, et al. Factors affecting thymic function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood 2001; 97: 1458–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storek J, Joseph A, Dawson MA, et al. Factors influencing T-lymphopoiesis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Transplantation 2002; 73: 1154–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roux E, Dumont-Girard F, Starobinski M, et al. Recovery of immune reactivity after T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation depends on thymic activity. Blood 2000; 96: 2299–303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hazenberg MD, Verschuren MC, Hamann D, et al. T cell receptor excision circles as markers for recent thymic emigrants: basic aspects, technical approach, and guidelines for interpretation. J Mol Med 2001; 79: 631–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim FT, Gress RE. Reconstitution of thymic function after stem cell transplantation in humans. Curr Opin Hematol 2002; 9: 490–6
   Google Scholar
• Klein AK, Patel DD, Gooding ME, et al. T-cell recovery in adults and children following umbilical cord blood transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2001; 7: 454–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storek J, Dawson MA, Storer B, et al. Immune reconstitution after allogeneic marrow transplantation compared with blood stem cell transplantation. Blood 2001; 97: 3380–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinet E, Lapierre V, Tayebi H, et al. Blood versus marrow hematopoietic allogeneic graft. Transfus Apheresis Sci 2003; 29: 53–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edinger M, Hoffmann P, Ermann J, et al. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells preserve graft-versus-tumor activity while inhibiting graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation. Nat Med 2003; 9: 1144–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trenado A, Charlotte F, Fisson S, et al. Recipient-type specific CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells favor immune reconstitution and control graft-versus-host disease while maintaining graft-versus-leukemia. J Clin Invest 2003; 112: 1688–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Chua KS, Guimond M, et al. Lymphopenia and interleukin-2 therapy alter homeostasis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Nat Med 2005; 11: 1238–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cozzo C, Larkin J, III, Caton AJ. Cutting edge: self-peptides drive the peripheral expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2003; 171: 5678–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miura Y, Thoburn CJ, Bright EC, et al. Association of Foxp3 regulatory gene expression with graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2004; 104: 2187–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez J, Casano J, Alvarez MA, et al. Kinetic of regulatory CD25high and activated CD134+ (OX40) T lymphocytes during acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Br J Haematol 2004; 126: 697–703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanzani M, Martins SL, Saliba RM, et al. CD25 expression on donor CD4+ or CD8+ T cells is associated with an increased risk for graft-versus-host disease after HLA-identical stem cell transplantation in humans. Blood 2004; 103: 1140–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutis T, Aarts-Riemens T, Verdonck LF. The association of CD25 expression on donor CD8+ and CD4+ T cells with graft-versus-host disease after donor lymphocyte infusions. Haematologica 2005; 90: 1389–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rezvani K, Mielke S, Ahmadzadeh M , et al High donor Foxp3-positive regulatory T-cell (TREG) content is associated with a low risk of GVHD following HLA-matched allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Blood 2006. In press. (Apr 20. epub ahead of print.)
   Google Scholar
• Shlomchik WD, Couzens MS, Tang CB, et al. Prevention of graft versus host disease by inactivation of host antigen-presenting cells. Science 1999; 285: 412–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson BE, McNiff JM, Matte C, et al. Recipient CD4+ T cells that survive irradiation regulate chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2004; 104: 1565–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson BE, McNiff JM, Jain D, et al. Distinct roles for donor- and host-derived antigen-presenting cells and costimulatory molecules in murine chronic graft-versus-host disease: requirements depend on target organ. Blood 2005; 105: 2227–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teshima T, Ordemann R, Reddy P, et al. Acute graft-versus-host disease does not require alloantigen expression on host epithelium. Nat Med 2002; 8: 575–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fearnley DB, Whyte LF, Carnoutsos SA, et al. Monitoring human blood dendritic cell numbers in normal individuals and in stem cell transplantation. Blood 1999; 93: 728–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auffermann-Gretzinger S, Lossos IS, Vayntrub TA, et al. Rapid establishment of dendritic cell chimerism in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Blood 2002; 99: 1442–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klangsinsirikul P, Carter GI, Byrne JL, et al. Campath-1G causes rapid depletion of circulating host dendritic cells (DCs) before allogeneic transplantation but does not delay donor DC reconstitution. Blood 2002; 99: 2586–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chklovskaia E, Nowbakht P, Nissen C, et al. Reconstitution of dendritic and natural killer-cell subsets after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: effects of endogenous flt3 ligand. Blood 2004; 103: 3860–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohty M, Gaugler B, Faucher C, et al. Recovery of lymphocyte and dendritic cell subsets following reduced intensity allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Hematology 2002; 7: 157–64
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reddy V, Iturraspe JA, Tzolas AC, et al. Low dendritic cell count after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation predicts relapse, death, and acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2004; 103: 4330–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohty M, Blaise D, Faucher C, et al. Impact of plasmacytoid dendritic cells on outcome after reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Leukemia 2005; 19: 1–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buggins AG, Mufti GJ, Salisbury J, et al. Peripheral blood but not tissue dendritic cells express CD52 and are depleted by treatment with alemtuzumab. Blood 2002; 100: 1715–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratzinger G, Reagan JL, Heller G, et al. Differential CD52 expression by distinct myeloid dendritic cell subsets: implications for alemtuzumab activity at the level of antigen presentation in allogeneic graft-host interactions in transplantation. Blood 2003; 101: 1422–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collin MP, Hart DN, Jackson GH, et al. The fate of human Langerhans cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Exp Med 2006; 203: 27–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fry TJ, Sinha M, Milliron M, et al. Flt3 ligand enhances thymic-dependent and thymic-independent immune reconstitution. Blood 2004; 104: 2794–800
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storek J, Viganego F, Dawson MA, et al. Factors affecting antibody levels after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 2003; 101: 3319–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratanatharathorn V, Ayash L, Reynolds C, et al. Treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease with anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2003; 9: 505–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canninga-van Dijk MR, van der Straaten HM, Fijnheer R, et al. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody treatment in 6 patients with therapy-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2004; 104: 2603–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gokmen E, Raaphorst FM, Boldt DH, Teale JM. Ig heavy chain third complementarity determining regions (H CDR3s) after stem cell transplantation do not resemble the developing human fetal H CDR3s in size distribution and Ig gene utilization. Blood 1998; 92: 2802–14
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bolan CD, Leitman SF, Griffith LM, et al. Delayed donor red cell chimerism and pure red cell aplasia following major ABO-incompatible nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood 2001; 98: 1687–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffith LM, McCoy JP, Jr, Bolan CD, et al. Persistence of recipient plasma cells and anti-donor isohaemagglutinins in patients with delayed donor erythropoiesis after major ABO incompatible non-myeloablative haematopoietic cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2005; 128: 668–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapierre V, Oubouzar N, Auperin A, et al. Influence of the hematopoietic stem cell source on early immunohematologic reconstitution after allogeneic transplantation. Blood 2001; 97: 2580–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morikawa K, Miyawaki T, Oseko F, et al. G-CSF enhances the immunoglobulin generation rather than the proliferation of human B lymphocytes. Eur J Haematol 1993; 51: 144–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruggeri L, Capanni M, Casucci M, et al. Role of natural killer cell alloreactivity in HLA-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood 1999; 94: 333–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruggeri L, Capanni M, Urbani E, et al. Effectiveness of donor natural killer cell alloreactivity in mismatched hematopoietic transplants. Science 2002; 295: 2097–100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savani BN, Rezvani K, Mielke S, et al. Factors associated with early molecular remission after T cell-depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia. Blood 2006; 107: 1688–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shilling HG, McQueen KL, Cheng NW, et al. Reconstitution of NK cell receptor repertoire following HLA-matched hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 2003; 101: 3730–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shilling HG, Young N, Guethlein LA, et al. Genetic control of human NK cell repertoire. J Immunol 2002; 169: 239–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolb HJ, Mittermuller J, Clemm C, et al. Donor leukocyte transfusions for treatment of recurrent chronic myelogenous leukemia in marrow transplant patients. Blood 1990; 76: 2462–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andre-Schmutz I, Le Deist F, Hacein-Bey-Abina S, et al. Immune reconstitution without graft-versus-host disease after haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation: a phase 1/2 study. Lancet 2002; 360: 130–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amrolia PJ, Muccioli-Casadei G, Huls H , et al Adoptive immunotherapy with allodepleted donor T-cells improves immune reconstitution after haploidentical stem cell transplant. Blood 2006. In press. (Jun 1, epub ahead of print.)
   Google Scholar
• Solomon SR, Mielke S, Savani BN, et al. Selective depletion of alloreactive donor lymphocytes: a novel method to reduce the severity of graft-versus-host disease in older patients undergoing matched sibling donor stem cell transplantation. Blood 2005; 106: 1123–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amrolia PJ, Muccioli-Casadei G, Yvon E, et al. Selective depletion of donor alloreactive T cells without loss of antiviral or antileukemic responses. Blood 2003; 102: 2292–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins SL, St John LS, Champlin RE, et al. Functional assessment and specific depletion of alloreactive human T cells using flow cytometry. Blood 2004; 104: 3429–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michalek J, Collins RH, Durrani HP, et al. Definitive separation of graft-versus-leukemia- and graft-versus-host-specific CD4+ T cells by virtue of their receptor beta loci sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 1180–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antony PA, Piccirillo CA, Akpinarli A, et al. CD8+ T cell immunity against a tumor/self-antigen is augmented by CD4+ T helper cells and hindered by naturally occurring T regulatory cells. J Immunol 2005; 174: 2591–601
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudley ME, Wunderlich JR, Robbins PF, et al. Cancer regression and autoimmunity in patients after clonal repopulation with antitumor lymphocytes. Science 2002; 298: 850–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong RK, Loken M, Lane TA, Ball ED. CTLA-4 blockade by a human MAb enhances the capacity of AML-derived DC to induce T-cell responses against AML cells in an autologous culture system. Cytotherapy 2006; 8: 3–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanislawski T, Voss RH, Lotz C, et al. Circumventing tolerance to a human MDM2-derived tumor antigen by TCR gene transfer. Nat Immunol 2001; 2: 962–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapoport AP, Stadtmauer EA, Aqui N, et al. Restoration of immunity in lymphopenic individuals with cancer by vaccination and adoptive T-cell transfer. Nat Med 2005; 11: 1230–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozza S, Perruccio K, Montagnoli C, et al. A dendritic cell vaccine against invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation. Blood 2003; 102: 3807–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Blanc K, Rasmusson I, Sundberg B, et al. Treatment of severe acute graft-versus-host disease with third party haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells. Lancet 2004; 363: 1439–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Blanc K, Pittenger M. Mesenchymal stem cells: progress toward promise. Cytotherapy 2005; 7: 36–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura S, Otani T, Ijiri Y, et al. IFN-gamma-dependent and -independent mechanisms in adverse effects caused by concomitant administration of IL-18 and IL-12. J Immunol 2000; 164: 3330–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alpdogan O, Hubbard VM, Smith OM, et al. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is required for postnatal thymic regeneration. Blood 2006; 107: 2453–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alpdogan O, Schmaltz C, Muriglan SJ, et al. Administration of interleukin-7 after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation improves immune reconstitution without aggravating graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2001; 98: 2256–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha ML, Fry TJ, Fowler DH, et al. Interleukin 7 worsens graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2002; 100: 2642–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blazar BR, McKenna HJ, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Taylor PA. Flt3 ligand (FL) treatment of murine donors does not modify graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but FL treatment of recipients post-bone marrow transplantation accelerates GVHD lethality. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2001; 7: 197–207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar