How do mesenchymal stromal cells exert their therapeutic benefit?

References

• Horwitz E, Le BK, Dominici M, et al. Clarification of the nomenclature for MSC: the International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy 2005; 7: 393–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dominici M, Le BK, Mueller I, et al. Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy 2006; 8: 315–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedenstein AJ, Petrakova KV, Kurolesova AI, et al. Heterotopic of bone marrow. Analysis of precursor cells for osteogenic and hematopoietic tissues. Transplantation 1968; 6: 230–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedenstein AJ, Deriglasova UF, Kulagina NN, et al. Precursors for fibroblasts in different populations of hematopoietic cells as detected by the in vitro colony assay method. Exp Hematol 1974; 2: 83–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen M. Marrow stromal stem cells. J Cell Sci 1988; 10(Suppl)63–76
   Google Scholar
• Caplan AI. Mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res 1991; 9: 641–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caplan AI, Bruder SP. Mesenchymal stem cells: building blocks for molecular medicine in the 21st century. Trends Mol Med 2001; 7: 259–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prockop DJ. Marrow stromal cells as stem cells for nonhematopoietic tissues. Science 1997; 276: 71–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus HM, Haynesworth SE, Gerson SL, et al. Ex vivo expansion and subsequent infusion of human bone marrow-derived stromal progenitor cells (mesenchymal progenitor cells): implications for therapeutic use. Bone Marrow Transplant 1995; 16: 557–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koc ON, Gerson SL, Cooper BW, et al. Rapid hematopoietic recovery after coinfusion of autologous-blood stem cells and culture-expanded marrow mesenchymal stem cells in advanced breast cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18: 307–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira RF, Halford KW, O'Hara MD, et al. Cultured adherent cells from marrow can serve as long-lasting precursor cells for bone, cartilage, and lung in irradiated mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 4857–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira RF, O'Hara MD, Laptev AV, et al. Marrow stromal cells as a source of progenitor cells for nonhematopoietic tissues in transgenic mice with a phenotype of osteogenesis imperfecta. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 1142–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horwitz EM, Prockop DJ, Fitzpatrick LA, et al. Transplantability and therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. Nat Med 1999; 5: 309–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horwitz EM, Gordon PL, Koo WKK, et al. Isolated allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells engraft and stimulate growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: implications for cell therapy of bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99: 8932–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Blanc K, Rasmusson I, Sundberg B, et al. Treatment of severe acute graft-versus-host disease with third party haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells. Lancet 2004; 363: 1439–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Blanc K, Frassoni F, Ball L, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of steroid-resistant, severe, acute graft-versus-host disease: a phase II study. Lancet 2008; 371: 1579–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball LM, Bernardo ME, Roelofs H, et al. Cotransplantation of ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stem cells accelerates lymphocyte recovery and may reduce the risk of graft failure in haploidentical hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. Blood 2007; 110: 2764–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponomaryov T, Peled A, Petit I, et al. Induction of the chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 following DNA damage improves human stem cell function. J Clin Invest 2000; 106: 1331–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peled A, Petit I, Kollet O, et al. Dependence of human stem cell engraftment and repopulation of NOD/SCID mice on CXCR4. Science 1999; 283: 845–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deans RJ, Moseley AB. Mesenchymal stem cells: biology and potential clinical uses. Exp Hematol 2000; 28: 875–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Majumdar MK, Thiede MA, Mosca JD, et al. Phenotypic and functional comparison of cultures of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and stromal cells. J Cell Physiol 1998; 176: 57–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honczarenko M, Le Y, Swierkowski M, et al. Human bone marrow stromal cells express a distinct set of biologically functional chemokine receptors. Stem Cells 2006; 24: 1030–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crigler L, Robey RC, Asawachaicharn A, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cell subpopulations express a variety of neuro-regulatory molecules and promote neuronal cell survival and neuritogenesis. Exp Neurol 2006; 198: 54–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner W, Feldmann RE, Jr, Seckinger A, et al. The heterogeneity of human mesenchymal stem cell preparations: evidence from simultaneous analysis of proteomes and transcriptomes. Exp Hematol 2006; 34: 536–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremain N, Korkko J, Ibberson D, et al. MicroSAGE analysis of 2,353 expressed genes in a single cell-derived colony of undifferentiated human mesenchymal stem cells reveals mRNAs of multiple cell lineages. Stem Cells 2001; 19: 408–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner W, Wein F, Seckinger A, et al. Comparative characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Exp Hematol 2005; 33: 1402–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kern S, Eichler H, Stoeve J, et al. Comparative analysis of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or adipose tissue. Stem Cells 2006; 24: 1294–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar