474
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Advancing pharmacologic treatment options for pharmacologic treatment options for children with epilepsy

Pages 1475-1482 | Received 15 Sep 2015, Accepted 20 May 2016, Published online: 15 Jun 2016

References

  • Raspall-Chaure M, Neville BG, Scott RC. The medical management of the epilepsies in children: conceptual and practical considerations. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7(1):57–69.
  • Arts WFM, Brouwer OF, Peters ACB, et al. Course and prognosis of childhood epilepsy: 5-year follow-up of the Dutch study of epilepsy in childhood. Brain. 2004;127:1774–1784.
  • Camfield PR, Camfield CS. What happens to children with epilepsy when they become adults? Some facts and opinions. Pediatr Neurol. 2014;51(1):17–23.
  • Picot M-C, Baldy-Moulinier M, Daurès J-P, et al. The prevalence of epilepsy and pharmacoresistant epilepsy in adults: A population-based study in a Western European country. Epilepsia. 2008;49(7):1230–1238.
  • Kwan P, Arzimanoglou A, Berg AT, et al. Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: consensus proposal by the ad hoc task force of the ilae commission on therapeutic strategies. Epilepsia. 2010;51(6):1069–1077.
  • Gilliam FG, Fessler AJ, Baker G, et al. Systematic screening allows reduction of adverse antiepileptic drug effects: a randomized trial. Neurology. 2004;62(1):23–27.
  • Berg AT, Shinnar S, Levy SR, et al. Childhood-onset epilepsy with and without preceding febrile seizures. Neurology. 1999;53(8):1742–1748.
  • Biton V. Clinical pharmacology and mechanism of action of zonisamide. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2007;30(4):230–240.
  • Ueda Y, Doi T, Tokumaru J, et al. Effect of zonisamide on molecular regulation of glutamate and GABA transporter proteins during epileptogenesis in rats with hippocampal seizures. Mol Brain Res. 2003;116(1–2):1–6.
  • El Desoky ES. The AMPA receptor antagonist perampanel is a new hope in the treatment for epilepsy. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2014;28(5):473–480.
  • Holder JL Jr., Wilfong AA. Zonisamide in the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011;12(16):2573–2581.
  • Guerrini R, Rosati A, Segieth J, et al. A randomized phase iii trial of adjunctive zonisamide in pediatric patients with partial epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2013;54(8):1473–1480.
  • Guerrini R, Rosati A, Bradshaw K, et al. Adjunctive zonisamide therapy in the long-term treatment of children with partial epilepsy: results of an open-label extension study of a phase iii, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Epilepsia. 2014;55(4):568–578.
  • Cross JH, Auvin S, Patten A, et al. Safety and tolerability of zonisamide in paediatric patients with epilepsy. Eur J Paediatric Neurol. 2014;18(6):747–758.
  • French JA, Krauss GL, Biton V, et al. Adjunctive perampanel for refractory partial-onset seizures randomized phase iii study 304. Neurology. 2012;79(6):589–596.
  • Krauss GL, Serratosa JM, Villanueva V, et al. Randomized phase III study 306: adjunctive perampanel for refractory partial-onset seizures. Neurology. 2012;78(18):1408–1415.
  • French JA, Krauss GL, Steinhoff BJ, et al. Evaluation of adjunctive perampanel in patients with refractory partial-onset seizures: results of randomized global phase iii study 305. Epilepsia. 2013;54(1):117–125.
  • Rosenfeld W, Conry J, Lagae L, et al. Efficacy and safety of perampanel in adolescent patients with drug-resistant partial seizures in three double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase iii randomized clinical studies and a combined extension study. Eur J Paediatric Neurol. 2015;19(4):435–445.
  • Glauser TA, Ayala R, Elterman RD, et al. Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of adjunctive levetiracetam in pediatric partial seizures. Neurology. 2006;66(11):1654–1660.
  • Elterman RD, Glauser TA, Wyllie E, et al. A double-blind, randomized trial of topiramate as adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in children. Neurology. 1999;52(7):1338–1344.
  • Matricardi S, Verrotti A, Chiarelli F, et al. Current advances in childhood absence epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2014;50(3):205–212.
  • Glauser TA, Cnaan A, Shinnar S, et al., Childhood Absence Epilepsy S. Ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine in childhood absence epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(9):790–799.
  • Masur D, Shinnar S, Cnaan A, et al., Childhood Absence Epilepsy S. Pretreatment cognitive deficits and treatment effects on attention in childhood absence epilepsy. Neurology. 2013;81(18):1572–1580.
  • Glauser TA, Cnaan A, Shinnar S, et al., Childhood Absence Epilepsy S. Ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine in childhood absence epilepsy: Initial monotherapy outcomes at 12 months. Epilepsia. 2013;54(1):141–155.
  • Fattore C, Boniver C, Capovilla G, et al. A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of levetiracetam in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed absence epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2011;52(4):802–809.
  • Berg AT, Levy SR, Testa FM, et al. Long-term seizure remission in childhood absence epilepsy: might initial treatment matter? Epilepsia. 2014;55(4):551–557.
  • Franzoni E, Matricardi S, Di Pisa V, et al. Refractory absence seizures: an italian multicenter retrospective study. Eur J Paediatric Neurol. 2015;19(6):660–664.
  • Ferlazzo E, Nikaronova M, Italiano D, et al. Lennox-gastaut syndrome in adulthood: clinical and EEG features. Epilepsy Res. 2010;89(2–3):271–277.
  • Arzimanoglou A, French J, Blume WT, et al. Lennox-gastaut syndrome: a consensus approach on diagnosis, assessment, management, and trial methodology. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8(1):82–93.
  • Hancock EC, Cross JH. Treatment of lennox-gastaut syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;2:CD003277–CD003277.
  • Glauser T, Kluger G, Sachdeo R, et al. Rufinamide for generalized seizures associated with lennox-gastaut syndrome. Neurology. 2008;70(21):1950–1958.
  • Ohtsuka Y, Yoshinaga H, Shirasaka Y, et al. Rufinamide as an adjunctive therapy for lennox-gastaut syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in japan. Epilepsy Res. 2014;108(9):1627–1636.
  • Ng YT, Conry JA, Drummond R, et al. Randomized, phase iii study results of clobazam in lennox-gastaut syndrome. Neurology. 2011;77(15):1473–1481.
  • Horacio Caraballo R, Fortini S, Fresler S, et al. Ketogenic diet in patients with lennox-gastaut syndrome. Seizure-Eur J Epilep. 2014;23(9):751–755.
  • Sharma S, Jain P, Gulati S, et al. Use of the modified atkins diet in lennox gastaut syndrome. J Child Neurol. 2015;30(5):576–579.
  • Asadi-Pooya AA, Malekmohamadi Z, Kamgarpour A, et al. Corpus callosotomy is a valuable therapeutic option for patients with lennox-gastaut syndrome and medically refractory seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;29(2):285–288.
  • Lancman G, Virk M, Shao H, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation vs. Corpus callosotomy in the treatment of lennox-gastaut syndrome: a meta-analysis. Seizure-Eur J Epilep. 2013;22(1):3–8.
  • Fastenau PS, Johnson CS, Perkins SM, et al. Neuropsychological status at seizure onset in children: risk factors for early cognitive deficits. Neurology. 2009;73(7):526–534.
  • Ijff DM, Aldenkamp AP. Cognitive side-effects of antiepileptic drugs in children. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;111:707–718.
  • Eddy CM, Rickards HE, Cavanna AE. The cognitive impact of antiepileptic drugs. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2011;4(6):385–407.
  • Boshuisen K, Van Schooneveld MMJ, Uiterwaal CSPM, et al. Intelligence quotient improves after antiepileptic drug withdrawal following pediatric epilepsy surgery. Ann Neurol. 2015;78(1):104–114.
  • Reilly C, Atkinson P, Das KB, et al. Cognition in school-aged children with “active” epilepsy: A population-based study. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2015;37(4):429–438.
  • Anderson M, Egunsola O, Cherrill J, et al. A prospective study of adverse drug reactions to antiepileptic drugs in children. BMJ Open. 2015;5(6):e008298.
  • Baca CB, Vickrey BG, Caplan R, et al. Psychiatric and medical comorbidity and quality of life outcomes in childhood-onset epilepsy. Pediatrics. 2011;128(6):E1532–E1543.
  • Choudhary A, Gulati S, Sagar R, et al. Behavioral comorbidity in children and adolescents with epilepsy. J Clin Neurosci. 2014;21(8):1337–1340.
  • Kwong KL, Lam D, Tsui S, et al. Anxiety and depression in adolescents with epilepsy. J Child Neurol. 2016;31(2):203–210.
  • Kwong KL, Lam D, Tsui S, et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents with epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2016;57:56–63.
  • Tomson T, Battino D, Bonizzoni E, et al. Dose-dependent teratogenicity of valproate in mono- and polytherapy: an observational study. Neurology. 2015;85(10):866–872.
  • Reinisch JM, Sanders SA, Mortensen EL, et al. In-utero exposure to phenobarbital and intelligence deficits in adult men. JAMA-J Am Med Assoc. 1995;274(19):1518–1525.
  • Meador KJ, Baker GA, Browning N, et al. Cognitive function at 3 years of age after fetal exposure to antiepileptic drugs. New England J Med. 2009;360(16):1597–1605.
  • Meador KJ, Baker GA, Browning N, et al. Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure and cognitive outcomes at age 6 years (nead study): a prospective observational study. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12(3):244–252.
  • Meador KJ, Baker GA, Browning N, et al. Effects of fetal antiepileptic drug exposure outcomes at age 4.5 years. Neurology. 2012;78(16):1207–1214.
  • Baker GA, Bromley RL, Briggs M, et al. Iq at 6 years after in utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs a controlled cohort study. Neurology. 2015;84(4):382–390.
  • Shallcross R, Bromley RL, Cheyne CP, et al. In utero exposure to levetiracetam vs valproate development and language at 3 years of age. Neurology. 2014;82(3):213–221.
  • Shallcross R, Bromley RL, Irwin B, et al. Child development following in utero exposure levetiracetam vs sodium valproate. Neurology. 2011;76(4):383–389.
  • Rheims S, Cucherat M, Arzimanoglou A, et al. Greater response to placebo in children than in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis in drug-resistant partial epilepsy. PLoS Med. 2008;5(8):1223–1237.
  • Löscher W. Critical review of current animal models of seizures and epilepsy used in the discovery and development of new antiepileptic drugs. Seizure-Eur J Epilep. 2011;20(5):359–368.
  • Simonato M, Löscher W, Cole AJ, et al. Finding a better drug for epilepsy: preclinical screening strategies and experimental trial design. Epilepsia. 2012;53(11):1860–1867.
  • Błaszczyk B, Lasoń W, Czuczwar SJ. Antiepileptic drugs and adverse skin reactions: an update. Pharmacol Rep. 2015;67(3):426–434.
  • Tomson T, Marson A, Boon P, et al. Valproate in the treatment of epilepsy in girls and women of childbearing potential. Epilepsia. 2015;56(7):1006–1019.
  • Pellock JM, Carman WJ, Thyagarajan V, et al. Efficacy of antiepileptic drugs in adults predicts efficacy in children: a systematic review. Neurology. 2012;79(14):1482–1489.
  • Wilmshurst JM, Burman R, Gaillard WD, et al. Treatment of infants with epilepsy: common practices around the world. Epilepsia. 2015;56(7):1033–1046.
  • Dezsi G, Ozturk E, Stanic D, et al. Ethosuximide reduces epileptogenesis and behavioral comorbidity in the gaers model of genetic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2013;54(4):635–643.
  • Blumenfeld H, Klein JP, Schridde U, et al. Early treatment suppresses the development of spike-wave epilepsy in a rat model. Epilepsia. 2008;49(3):400–409.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.