Treating short bowel syndrome with pharmacotherapy

References

• Koeberle E. Resection de deux metres d’intestin grele. [Resection of two meters of small intestine]. Bull Acad Med. 1881;8:249–250.
   Google Scholar
• Frongia G, Kessler M, Weih S, et al. Comparison of LILT and STEP procedures in children with short bowel syndrome – a systematic review of the literature. J Pediatr Surg. 2013 Aug;48(8):1794–1805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King B, Carlson G, Khalil BA, et al. Intestinal bowel lengthening in children with short bowel syndrome: systematic review of the Bianchi and STEP procedures. World J Surg. 2013 Mar;37(3):694–704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauro A, Cirocchi R, Cautero N, et al. Reconnection surgery in adult post-operative short bowel syndrome < 100 cm: is colonic continuity sufficient to achieve enteral autonomy without autologous gastrointestinal reconstruction? Report from a single center and systematic review of literature. G Chir. 2017 Jul-Aug;38(4):163–175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klek S, Forbes A, Gabe S, et al. Management of acute intestinal failure: a position paper from the European society for clinical nutrition and metabolism (ESPEN) special interest group. Clin Nutr. 2016;35(6):1209–1218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard L. Home parenteral nutrition: survival, cost, and quality of life. Gastroenterology. 2006;130(2 Suppl 1):S52–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendrickson E, Corrigan ML. Navigating reimbursement for home parenteral nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract. 2013;28(5):566–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roskott AM, Groen H, Rings EH, et al. Cost-effectiveness of intestinal transplantation for adult patients with intestinal failure: a simulation study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;101(1):79–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Here’s what every organ in the body would cost to transplant. Fortune.com https://fortune.com/2017/09/14/organ-transplant-cost/Accessed January 11, 2019;
   Google Scholar
• Lal S, Teubner A, Shaffer JL. Review article: intestinal failure. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;24(1):19–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pironi L, Arends J, Baxter J, et al. Home artificial nutrition & chronic intestinal failure; acute intestinal failure special interest groups of ESPEN: ESPEN endorsed recommendations. Definition and classification of intestinal failure in adults. Clin Nutr. 2015;34(2):171–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pironi L, Arends J, Bozzetti F, et al. Home artificial nutrition & chronic intestinal failure special interest group of ESPEN. Corrigendum to “ESPEN guidelines on chronic intestinal failure in adults”. Clin Nutr. 2016;35(2):247–307. Clin Nutr. 2017;36(2):619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pironi L, Corcos O, Forbes A, et al. ESPEN acute and chronic intestinal failure special interest groups. Intestinal failure in adults: recommendations from the ESPEN expert groups. Clin Nutr. 2018 Dec;37(6Pt A):1798–1809.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jo SC, McCallum Z, Shalley H, et al. Outcomes of children with chronic intestinal failure: experience over two decades at a tertiary paediatric hospital. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2019; 69(3): e79–e87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betry C, Lauverjat M, Mouillot T, et al. Hyperphagia in short bowel patients: fat-free mass is a strong predictor. Nutrition. 2019 Jun;62:146–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeppesen PB, Fuglsang KA. Nutritional therapy in adult short bowel syndrome patients with chronic intestinal failure. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2018 Mar;47(1):61–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvie ML, Norris MAT, Sevilla WMA. Soluble fiber use in pediatric short bowel syndrome: a survey on prevailing practices. Nutr Clin Pract. 2018;33(4):539–544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godoy BZ, Faintuch J, Marin MLM, et al. Off label pharmacological therapy in patients with short bowel syndrome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Dec;17(24):3285–3290.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy VS, Patole SK, Rao S. Role of probiotics in short bowel syndrome in infants and children–a systematic review. Nutrients. 2013 Mar;5;5(3):679–699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo MX, Li YS, Fan L, et al. Growth hormone for intestinal adaptation in patients with short bowel syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2011 Jun;72(3):109–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weih S, Kessler M, Fonouni H, et al. Current practice and future perspectives in the treatment of short bowel syndrome in children-a systematic review. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2012 Oct;397(7):1043–1051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Vries FEE, Reeskamp LF, van Ruler O, et al. Systematic review: pharmacotherapy for high-output enterostomies or enteral fistulas. Alim Pharmacol Ther. 2017;46(3):266–273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang W, Jiang SM, Jia L, et al. Effect of amitriptyline on gastrointestinal function and brain-gut peptides: A double-blind trial. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;10(26):4214–4220.
   Google Scholar
• Turner MJ, Angel JB, Woodend K, et al. The efficacy of calcium carbonate in the treatment of protease inhibitor-induced persistent diarrhea in HIV-infected patients. HIV Clin Trials. 2004;5(1):19–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson E, Vu L, Matarese LE. Bacteria, Bones, and stones: managing complications of short bowel syndrome. Nutr Clin Pract. 2018;33(4):454–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pironi L, Arends J, Bozzetti F, et al. The home artificial nutrition & chronic intestinal failure special interest group of ESPEN. ESPEN guidelines on chronic intestinal failure in adults. Clin Nutr. 2016;35:247e307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eliakim-Raz N, Hellerman M, Yahav D, et al. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole versus vancomycin in the treatment of healthcare/ventilator-associated MRSA pneumonia: a case-control study. K Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72(3):882–887.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acosta A, Camilleri M, Shin A, et al. Effects of rifaximin on transit, permeability, fecal microbiome, and organic acid excretion in irritable bowel syndrome. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2016 May26; 7:e173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giraldo VA, Martínez VMI, Valencia QAF, et al. Intestinal failure in pediatric patients: experience and management by a multidisciplinary group. Nutr Hosp. 2015;32(6):2650–2657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parrish CR, DiBaise JK. Managing the adult patient with short bowel syndrome. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY). 2017;13(10):600–608.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buchman AL, Fryer J, Wallin A, et al. Clonidine reduces diarrhea and sodium loss in patients with proximal jejunostomy: a controlled study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2006;30(6):487–491.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong BS, Rao AS, Camilleri M, et al. The effects of methylnaltrexone alone and in combination with acutely administered codeine on gastrointestinal and colonic transit in health. Alim Pharmacol Ther. 2010;32(7):884–893.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanauer SB, DuPont HL, Cooper KM, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of loperamide plus simethicone versus loperamide alone and simethicone alone in the treatment of acute diarrhea with gas-related abdominal discomfort. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007;23(5):1033–1043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabriel FF, Suen VM, Marchini JS, et al. Ingestion of ferrous sulfate increases ferremia in patients with short bowel syndrome. Nutrition. 2009;25(11–12):1115–1119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Passos ACV, Barros F, Damiani D, et al. Hypothyroidism associated with short bowel syndrome in children: a report of six cases. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2018;62(6):655–660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuksel O, Tatlicioglu E, Poyraz A, et al. Effects of thyroid hormone on the adaptation in short bowel syndrome. J Surg Res. 2009;155(1):116–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzanakis IP, Papadaki AN, Wei M, et al. Magnesium carbonate for phosphate control in patients on hemodialysis. A randomized controlled trial. Int Urol Nephrol. 2008;40(1):193–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dominguez-Muñoz JE. Management of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2019; 35(5): 455–459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeCarolis DD, Kim GM, Rector TS, et al. Comparative dose response using the intravenous versus enteral route of administration for potassium replenishment. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2016;36:17–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renner AB, Dietrich-Ntoukas T, Jägle H. Recurrent episodes of night blindness in a patient with short bowel syndrome. Doc Ophthalmol. 2015;131(3):221–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira IM, Braga CB, Dewulf Nde L, et al. Vitamin serum level variations between cycles of intermittent parenteral nutrition in adult patients with short bowel syndrome. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2013;37(1):75–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan S, Ni X, Wang J, et al. High prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D status and bone loss in adult short bowel syndrome even after weaning off parenteral nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract. 2017;32(2):258–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moleiro J, Mao de Ferro S, Ferreira S, et al. Efficacy of long-term oral vitamin B12 supplementation after total gastrectomy: results from a prospective study. GE Port J Gastroenterol. 2018;25(3):117–122.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jimenez L, Stamm DA, Depaula B, et al. Is serum methylmalonic acid a reliable biomarker of vitamin B12 status in children with short bowel syndrome: a case series. J Pediatr. 2018;192(1):259–261.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grabosch S, Pennycook J, Pakravan A, et al. Short bowel syndrome causing bleeding diathesis and profound vitamin deficiency in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;121(2Pt 2 Suppl 1):434–436.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LL R, Nerup N, Jeppesen PB, et al. Glucagon like peptide-2 and neoplasia; a systematic review. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Mar;12(3):257–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billiauws L, Joly F. Emerging treatments for short bowel syndrome in adult patients. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;13(3):241–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naberhuis JK, Tappenden KA. Teduglutide for safe reduction of parenteral nutrient and/or fluid requirements in adults: a systematic review. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2016 Nov;40(8):1096–1105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidner DL, Fujioka K, Boullata JI, et al. Reduction of parenteral nutrition and hydration support and safety with long-term teduglutide treatment in patients with short bowel syndrome-associated intestinal failure: STEPS-3 study. Nutr Clin Pract. 2018;33(4):520–527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirra J, Goke B. The physiological role of GLP-1 in human: incretin, ileal brake or more? Regul Pept. 2005;128:109–115.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Madsen KB, Askov-Hansen C, Naimi RM, et al. Acute effects of continuous infusions of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, GLP-2 and the combination (GLP-1þGLP-2) on intestinal absorption in short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients. A placebo-controlled study. Regul Pept. 2013;184:30–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hvistendahl M, Brandt CF, Tribler S, et al. Effect of liraglutide treatment on jejunostomy output in patients with short bowel syndrome: an open-label pilot study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2018;42(1):112–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeppesen PB, Gabe SM, Seidner DL, et al. Factors associated with response to teduglutide in patients with short-bowel syndrome and intestinal failure. Gastroenterology. 2018;154(4):874–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naimi RM, Hvistendahl M, Enevoldsen LH, et al. Glepaglutide, a novel long-acting glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue, for patients with short bowel syndrome: a randomised phase 2 trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019; 4(5): 354–363 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drucker DJ, Erlich P, Asa SL, et al. Induction of intestinal epithelial proliferation by glucagon-like peptide 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93(15):7911–7916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanuytsel T. Disease modifying therapy in short bowel syndrome: finally coming of age? Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Mar 14;4:328–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yde J, Larsen HM, Laurberg S, et al. Chronic diarrhoea following surgery for colon cancer-frequency, causes and treatment options. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2018;33(6):683–694.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Citters GW, Lin HC. Ileal brake: neuropeptidergic control of intestinal transit. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2006;8(5):367–373.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nakamura H, Henderson D, Puri P. A meta-analysis of clinical outcome of intestinal transplantation in patients with total intestinal aganglionosis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2017;33:837–841.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith JM, Weaver T, Skeans MA, et al. OPTN/SRTR 2017 annual data report: intestine. Am J Transplant. 2019;19(Suppl 2):284–322.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sigalet DL, Lam V, Karnik V, et al. Safety and dosing study of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) in children with intestinal failure. Gastroenterology. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2017; 41(5): 844–852.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Nardo G, Di Lorenzo C, Lauro A, et al. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in children and adults: diagnosis and therapeutic options. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2017;29:1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naimi RM, Hvistendahl M, Nerup N, et al. Effects of glepaglutide, a novel long-acting glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue, on markers of liver status in patients with short bowel syndrome: findings from a randomised phase 2 trial. EBioMedicine. 2019 Jul 17;46:444–451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pakarinen MP. GLP-2 cures the gut – what about the liver? EBioMedicine. 2019; 46: 11–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kothar B, Long MD, Shelton E, et al. Safety and efficacy of teduglutide (gattex) in patients with Crohn’s disease and need for parenteral support due to short bowel syndrome-associated intestinal failure. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;51(6):508–511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gimeno-Orna JA, Verdes-Sanz G, Borau-Maorad L, et al. Aragonese society of endocrinology and nutrition (SADEN). Baseline ALT levels as a marker of glycemic response to treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists. Endocrinol Nutr. 2016 Apr;63(4):164–170.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cruz RJ Jr, Butera L, Poloyac K, et al. Surgical and medical approach to patients requiring total small bowel resection: managing the “no gut syndrome”. Surgery. 2017;162(4):871–879.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahajan R. Prucalopride: a recently approved drug by the food and drug administration for chronic idiopathic constipation. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2019;9(1):1–2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar