121
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

“Just another drug” for marginalized users: The risks of using synthetic cathinones among NSP clients in the Czech Republic

, , , , , & show all
Pages 567-573 | Received 18 Jul 2016, Accepted 14 Nov 2016, Published online: 27 Jan 2017

References

  • Abagiu, A. O., Marinescu, A. G., Niculescu, I. T., Koulosousas, A., Paris, E., & Mardarescu, M. (2014). 5 years of legal highs in Romania – consequences and solutions. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 49(Suppl), 1:i5.
  • Bajaj, N., Mullen, D., & Wylie, S. (2010). Dependence and psychosis with 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) use. BMJ Case Reports, bcr0220102780.
  • Barrio, G., De La Fuente, L., Lew, C., Royuela, L., Bravo., M. a. J., & Torrens, M. (2001). Differences in severity of heroin dependence by route of administration: the importance of length of heroin use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 63(2),169–177.
  • Belackova, V., Janíková, B., Tomková, A., Vacek, J., Zábranský, T., Mravcik, V., & Csémy, L. (2016). The use of NSDs among problem drug users – Prevalence, patterns of use, and related risks as a challenge for harm reduction programmes in the Czech Republic. Adiktologie, 16(2),106–119.
  • Belackova, V., Mravčík, V., & Zabransky, T. (2011). Nové drogy jako nová výzva protidrogové politiky [New Drugs as a New Challenge for Drug Policies]. Adiktologie, 11(2),5–8.
  • Benshop, A., Nabben, T., & Korf, D. (2011). Antenne 2010. Retrieved from Amsterdam: https://www.jellinek.nl/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/antenne-2010-jellinek-preventie-amsterdam.pdf
  • Benshop, A., Nabben, T., & Korf, D. (2011). Antenne 2010. Retrieved from Amsterdam: https://www.jellinek.nl/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/antenne-2010-jellinek-preventie-amsterdam.pdf
  • Botescu, A., Abagiu, A., Mardarescu, M., & Ursan, M. (2012). HIV/AIDS Among Injecting Drug Users in Romania: Report of a Recent Outbreak and Initial Response Policies. Retrieved from Lisbon: http://b.aids-bg.com/files/downloads/statistics/HIV_outbreak_Romania_2012.pdf
  • Caudevilla-Gálligo, F., Ventura, M., Indave Ruiz, B., & Fornís, I. (2013). Presence and composition of cathinone derivatives in drug samples taken from a Drug Test Service in Spain Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 28(4),341–344.
  • Csák, R., Demetrovics, Z., & Rácz, J. (2013). Transition to injecting 3,4-methylene-dioxy-pyrovalerone (MDPV) among needle exchange program participants in Hungary. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 27(6),559–563.
  • Dargan, P., & Wood, D. (2013). Novel Psychoactive Substances: Classification, Pharmacology and Toxicology. San Diego: Academic Press.
  • EMCDDA. (2011). Report on the Risk Assessment of Mephedrone in the Framework of the Council Decision on New Psychoactive Substances. Retrieved from Luxembourg: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_116646_EN_TDAK11001ENC_WEB-OPTIMISED%20FILE.pdf
  • EMCDDA. (2015a). EMCDDA-Europol 2014 Annual Report on the Implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA, 2012. Retrieved from Luxembourg: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_240380_EN_TDAN15001ENN.pdf
  • EMCDDA. (2015b). Injection of Synthetic Cathinones. Retrieved from Lisbon: http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21967/1/injection.pdf
  • EMCDDA. (2015c). Injection of Synthetic Cathinones. Retrieved from Lisbon: http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/21967/1/injection.pdf
  • EMCDDA. (2016). EMCDDA–Europol 2015 Annual Report on the Implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA. Retrieved from Luxembourg: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/system/files/publications/2880/TDAS16001ENN.pdf
  • Giese, C. I. D., Gibbons, Z., Hurley, C., Stokes, S., McNamara, S., Ennis, O., O’Donnell, K., Keenan, E., De Gascun, C., Lyons F, Ward M, Danis K, Glynn R, Waters A, & Fitzgerald M. I. ( 2015). Injection of new psychoactive substance snow blow associated with recently acquired HIV infections among homeless people who inject drugs in Dublin, Ireland, 2015. Euro Surveill, 20(40), 30036.
  • Giné, C. V., Espinosa, I. F., & Vilamala, M. V. (2013). New psychoactive substances as adulterants of controlled drugs. A worrying phenomenon? Drug Testing and Analysis. doi:10.1002/dta.1610
  • González, D., Ventura, M., Caudevilla, F., Torrens, M., & Farre, M. (2013). Consumption of new psychoactive substances in a Spanish sample of research chemical users. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 28(4),332–340. doi:10.1002/hup.2323
  • Gorun, G., Curcă, G. C., Hostiuc, S., & Buda, O. (2011). “Legal highs” in Romania: historical and present facts. Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine, 19, 73–76.
  • Gossop, M., Darke, S., Griffiths, P., Hando, J., Powis, B., Hall, W., & Strang, J. (1995). The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users. Addiction, 90(5),607–614.
  • Gossop, M., Griffiths, P., Powis, B., & Strang, J. (1992). Severity of dependence and route of administration of heroin, cocaine and amphetamines. British Journal of Addiction, 87(11),1527–1536.
  • Grohmannová, K., Kmetonyova, D., Stefunkova, M., Belackova, V., Zabransky, T., & Mravcik, V. (2016). Online sales of new synthetic drugs in the Czech Republic in 2015. Adiktologie, 16(2),120–128.
  • Grund, J.-P. C., Vavrincikova, L., Janikova, B., Fidesova, H., & Miovsky, M. (2016). The Emperor’s new clothes? Findings from the NPSinEurope.eu Rapid assessment and response study of consumption of new psychoactive substances among people who use drugs heavily in five EU member states. Adiktologie, 16(2),78–90.
  • Chen, V. C.-H., Chen, H., Lin, T.-Y., Chou, H.-H., Lai, T.-J., Ferri, C. P., & Gossop, M. (2008). Severity of heroin dependence in Taiwan: reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS [Ch]). Addictive Behaviors, 33(12),1590–1593.
  • Janikova, B., Fidesova, H., Vavrincikova, L., Miovsky, M., & Grund, J. (2016). New Psychoactive substances among people who use drugs heavily in Europe an inventory of changing drug consumption patterns, shifting drug markets and lagging policy responses. Adiktologie, 16(2),92–105.
  • Malczewski, A., Kidawa, M., Struzik, M., Strzelecka, A., Sollich, K., Misiurek, A., … Chojecki, D. (2013). Poland: New Development, Trends and In-Depth Information on Selected Issues. Retrieved from Warsaw, Poland: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_191625_EN_Poland_2011.pdf
  • Malczewski, A., Kidawa, M., Struzik, M., Strzelecka, A., Sollich, K., Misiurek, A., … Chojecki, D. (2013). Poland: New Development, Trends and In-Depth Information on Selected Issues. Retrieved from Warsaw, Poland: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_191625_EN_Poland_2011.pdf
  • Measham, F., Moore, K., Newcombe, R., & Smith, Z. (2010). Tweaking, bombing, dabbing and stockpiling: the emergence of mephedrone and the pervesity of prohobition. Drugs and Alcohol Today, 10(1),14–21.
  • Measham, F., Wood, D., Dargan, P., & Moore, K. (2011). The rise in legal highs: prevalence and patterns in the use of illegal drugs and first- and second-generation “legal highs” in South London gay dance clubs. Journal of Substance Use, 16(4),263–272.
  • Measham, F., Wood, D., Dargan, P., & Moore, K. (2011). The rise in legal highs: prevalence and patterns in the use of illegal drugs and first- and second-generation “legal highs” in South London gay dance clubs. Journal of Substance Use, 16(4),263–272.
  • Moore, K., Dargan, P. I., Wood, D. M., & Measham, F. (2013). Do novel psychoactive substances displace established club drugs, supplement them or act as drugs of initiation? The relationship between Mephedrone, Ecstasy and Cocaine. European Addiction Research, 19(5),276–282.
  • Mravčík, V. (2015). (De)criminalisation of possession of drugs for personal use–A view from the Czech Republic. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26(7),705–707.
  • Mravčík, V., Běláčková, V., Grohmannová, K., & Zábranský, T. (2015). Nové psychoaktivní látky a jejich výskyt v ČR. Časopis lékařů českých, 154(5),216–221.
  • Mravčík, V., Chomynová, P., Grohmannová, K., Janíková, B., Grolmusová, L., Kiššová, L., … Malinová, H. (2015). Výroční zpráva o stavu ve věcech drog v ČR v r. 2014 [Annual Report on the Drug Situation in the Czech Republic in 2014]. Prague, Czech Republic: Office of the Government.
  • Nezdarova, E., & Gabrhelík, R. (2016). Zájem aktivních uživatelu metamfetaminu o farmakoterapii závislosti na metamfetaminu. Česká a slovenská psychiatrie, 112(2),76–81.
  • Perrone, D., Helgesen, R. D., & Fischer, G. (2013). United States drug prohibition and legal highs: How drug testing may lead cannabis users to Spice. Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy, 20(3),216–224.
  • Peterfi, A., Tarjan, A., Horvath, G. C., Csesztregi, T., & Nyirady, A. (2014). Changes in patterns of injecting drug use in Hungary: a shift to synthetic cathinones. Drug CTesting and Analysis, 6(7–8), 825–831.
  • PHE. (2014). New Psychoactive Substances. A Toolkit for Substance Misuse Commissioners. Retrieved from http://www.nta.nhs.uk/uploads/nps-a-toolkit-for-substance-misuse-commissioners.pdf
  • Rácz, J., & Csák, R. (2014). Emergence of novel psychoactive substances among clients of a needle exchange programme in Budapest. Orvosi hetilap, 155(35),1383–1394.
  • Rácz, J., Gyarmathy, V. A., & Csák, R. (2016). New cases of HIV among people who inject drugs in Hungary: False alarm or early warning? International Journal of Drug Policy, 27, 13–16.
  • RCP. (2014). One New Drug a Weeks (Briefing on Steps to be Taken to Address NPS and Club Drug Harm). Retrieved from http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/pdf/FR%20AP%2002_Sept2014.pdf
  • Schiffer, K., & Schatz, E. (2016). New psychoactive substances among people who use drugs heavily (PUDH): challenges and effective responses for harm reduction services in Europe. Adiktologie, 16(2),172–181.
  • Soussan, C., & Kjellgren, A. (2014). Harm reduction and knowledge exchange-a qualitative analysis of drug-related Internet discussion forums. Harm Reduction Journal, 11, 25–52. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-11-25
  • Stoove, M., & Fry, C. (2006). Blood borne virus transmission risk assessment questionnaire-short version (BBV-TRAQ-SV): Administration and Procedures Manual.
  • Topp, L., & Mattick, R. P. (1997). Choosing a cut-off on the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) for amphetamine users. Addiction, 92(7),839–845.
  • Vale Pires, C., Caudevilla Gálligo, F., & Valente, H. (2016). Netreach Work: Implementing web-based harm reduction interventions with online drug users. Adiktologie, 16(2),182–187.
  • Winstock, A., Mitcheson, L., Ramsey, J., Davies, S., Puchnarewicz, M., & Marsden, J. (2011). Mephedrone: use, subjective effects and health risks. Addiction, 106(11),1991–1996.
  • Winstock, A., & Wilkins, C. (2011). ‘Legal Highs’: The Challenge of New Psychoactive Substances. Retrieved from https://www.tni.org/files/download/dlr16.pdf
  • Wood, D. M., & Dargan, P. I. (2012). Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone): what is new in our understanding of its use and toxicity. Progress in NeuroPsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 39(2),227–233.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.