Bibliography
- Back, L., T. Crabbe, and J. Solomos. The Changing Face of Football: Racism, Identity and Multiculture in the English Game. Oxford: Berg, 2001.
- Bakare, L. ‘Stormzy: UK Is ‘Definitely Racist’ and Johnson Has Made It Worse’. The Guardian, December 20, 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/dec/21/stormzy-uk-is-racist-and-boris-johnson-has-made-it-worse
- BBC Sport, ‘Roma: Antonio Rudiger ‘Monkey Chant’ Charge Dropped’. BBC Sport, November 18, 2017. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/42036577
- Bennett, H., and A. Jonsson. ‘Klick It Out: Tackling Online Discrimination in Football’. In Sport and Discrimination, ed. D. Kilvington and J. Price, 203–214. London: Routledge, 2017.
- Bodenhausen, G.V., A.R. Todd, and J.A. Richardson. ‘Controlling Prejudice and Stereotyping: Antecedents, Mechanisms and Contexts’. in Handbook of Prejudice, Stereotyping and Discrimination, ed. T.D. Nelson, New York: Taylor and Francis; 111–135, 2009.
- Brown, A. ‘What Is so Special about Online (As Compared to Offline) hate-speech?’. Ethnicities 18, no. 3 (2017): 297–326. doi:10.1177/1468796817709846.
- Campbell, P. ‘Stormzy and Gary Neville: How Privilege Works in 21st-century Britain’. The Conversation, January 17, 2020. https://theconversation.com/stormzy-and-gary-neville-how-privilege-works-in-21st-century-britain-130068
- Chorley, M.J., and G. Mottershead. ‘Are You Talking to Me?: An Analysis of Journalism Conversation on Social Media’. Journalism Practice 10, no. 7 (2016): 856–867. doi:10.1080/17512786.2016.1166978.
- Euro News, ‘English Football Leads Social Media Racism Boycott’. Euro News, April 30, 2021. https://www.euronews.com/2021/04/30/english-football-leads-social-media-racism-boycott
- Farrington, N., L. Hall, D. Kilvington, J. Price, and A. Saeed. Sport, Racism and Social Media. London: Routledge, 2015.
- Farrington, N., D. Kilvington, J. Price, and A. Saeed. Race, Racism and Sports Journalism. London: Routledge, 2012.
- Fawbert, J. ‘“Wot, No Asians?”: West Ham United Fandom, the Cockney Diaspora and the “New” East Enders’. in Race, Ethnicity and Football: Persisting Debates and Emergent Issues, ed. D. Burdsey, 175–190. Abingdon: Routledge, 2011.
- Feagin, J., and L.H. Picca. Two-Faced Racism: Whites in the Backstage and Frontstage. New York: Routledge, 2007.
- Frosdick, S., and R. Newton. ‘The Nature and Extent of Football Hooliganism in England and Wales’. Soccer & Society 7, no. 4 (2006): 403–422. doi:10.1080/14660970600905703.
- Goffman, E. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. London: Penguin Books, 1959 (1990).
- Guschwan, M. ‘New Media: Online Fandom’. Soccer and Society 17, no. 3 (2016): 351–371. doi:10.1080/14660970.2015.1082761.
- Home Office, ‘Football-related Arrests and Football Banning Order Statistics: Season 2013-14’. Home office, 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/352864/FootballRelatedArrestsBanningOrderSeason201314.pdf (Accessed 30 August 2021).
- Home Office, ‘Hate Crime, England and Wales, 2018-19’. Home Office, 2019. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/839172/hate-crime-1819-hosb2419.pdf (Accessed 30 August 2021).
- Hylton, K., and S. Lawrence. ‘“For Your Ears Only!” Donald Sterling and Backstage Racism in Sport’. Ethnic and Racial Studies 39, no. 15 (2016): 2740–2757. doi:10.1080/01419870.2016.1177193.
- Keum, B.T., and M.J. Miller. ‘Racism on the Internet: Conceptualization and Recommendations for Research’. Psychology of Violence 8, no. 6 (2018): 782–791. doi:10.1037/vio0000201.
- Kick It Out, ‘Kick It Out Unveils Findings of Research into football-related Hate Crime on Social Media’. April 16, 2015. http://web.archive.org/web/20150419051035/http://www.kickitout.org/news/kick-it-out-unveils-findings-of-research-into-football-related-hate-crime-on-social-media.
- Kilvington, D. ‘In Our Divided Brexit Britain, Football Racism Is on the Rise yet Again’. The Independent, December 4, 2019b. https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/football-racism-proactive-efforts-sport-premier-league-a9231351.html
- Kilvington, D. ‘Racist Abuse at Football Games Is Increasing, Home Office Says – But the Sport’s Race Problem Goes Much Deeper’. The Conversation, October 9, 2019a. https://theconversation.com/racist-abuse-at-football-games-is-increasing-home-office-says-but-the-sports-race-problem-goes-much-deeper-124467
- Kilvington, D. ‘British Asians and Football: Exploring the Rise and Popularity of Punjabi and Bangla Fan Groups’. in Sport and Contested Identities, ed. D. Hassan and C. Acton, 74–89. London: Routledge, 2018.
- Kilvington, D. ‘The Virtual Stages of Hate: Using Goffman’s Work to Conceptualise the Motivations for Online Hate’. Media, Culture & Society 43, no. 2 (2021): 256–272. doi:10.1177/0163443720972318.
- Kilvington, D., and J. Price. ‘From Backstage to Frontstage: Exploring Football and the Growing Problem of Online Abuse’. in Digital Football Cultures: Fandom, Identities and Resistance, ed. S. Lawrenc and G. Crawford, 69–85. New York: Routledge, 2019.
- Kilvington, D., and J. Price. ‘Tackling Social Media Abuse? Critically Assessing English Football’s Response to Online Racism’. Communication and Sport 7, no. 1 (2019): 64–79. doi:10.1177/2167479517745300.
- Long, J. ‘No Racism Here? A Preliminary Examination of Sporting Innocence’. Managing Leisure 5, no. 3 (2000): 121–133. doi:10.1080/13606710050084829.
- Lopez-Gonzalez, H., and F. Guerrero-Sole. ‘When the Medium Is on the Message: Exploring Hate in media-reader Interactions in Spanish Online Sports Journalism’. Annales 24 (2014): 489–500.
- McGillivray, D., and E. McLaughlin. ‘Transnational Digital Fandom: Club Media, Place, and (Networked) Space’. in Digital Football Cultures: Fandom, Identities and Resistance, ed. S. Lawrence and G. Crawford, 30–46. New York: Routledge, 2019.
- Merunkova, L., and J. Slerka. ‘Goffman’s Theory as a Framework for Analysis of Self Presentation on Online Social Networks’. Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology 13, no. 2 (2019): 243–276. doi:10.5817/MUJLT2019-2-5.
- Munger, K. ‘Tweetment Effects on the Tweeted: Experimentally Reducing Racist Harassment’. Political Behaviour 39, no. 3 (2016): 629–649. doi:10.1007/s11109-016-9373-5.
- Poulton, E. ‘Towards Understanding: Antisemitism and the Contested Uses and Meanings of “Yid” in English Football’. Ethnic and Racial Studies 39, no. 11 (2016): 1981–2001. doi:10.1080/01419870.2016.1140791.
- The Professional Footballers’ Association, ‘Recruitment and Representation within Football’. The Professional Footballers’ Association, June 18, 2020.https://www.thepfa.com/news/2020/6/18/recruitment-and-representation-within-football.
- Reuters, ‘Lazio Forced to Appeal for Fans to Stop Racist Chants during Derby Win’. The Guardian, March 1, 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/mar/01/lazio-fans-racist-chants-derby-roma-anthony-rudiger
- Robinson, J. ‘Tackling the Anxieties of the English: Searching for the Nation through Football’. Soccer & Society 9, no. 2 (2008): 215–230. doi:10.1080/14660970701811107.
- Sky Sports, ‘Neville’s Full Verdict on Racism at Spurs-Chelsea’. Sky Sports, December 22, https://www.skysports.com/watch/video/sports/football/11893721/nevilles-full-verdict-on-racism-at-spurs-chelsea
- St.Louis, B. ‘Sport and common-sense Racial Science’. Leisure Studies 23, no. 1 (2004): 31–46. doi:10.1080/0261436042000182308.
- Suler, J. ‘The Online Disinhibition Effect’. Cyber Psychology & Behavior 7, no. 3 (2004): 321–326. doi:10.1089/1094931041291295.
- Tottenham Hotspur, ‘Club Statement – Update on Alleged Racism Incident at Chelsea Match’. January 6, 2020. https://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/news/2020/january/club-statement-update-on-alleged-racism-incident-at-chelsea-match.
- Williams, J. ‘Protect Me from What I Want: Football Fandom, Celebrity Cultures and New Football in England’. Soccer and Society 7, no. 1 (2006): 96–114. doi:10.1080/14660970500355637.