Does the definition of the issue matter? NGO influence and the international convention to combat desertification in Africa

References

• Adams , W.M. 1990 . Green Development , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• CCF . 1993 . The Independent Sector's Network, Number 22, January 1993 , 14 Geneva : The Centre for our Common Future .
   Google Scholar
• Chambers , Robert . 1983 . Rural Development: Putting the Last First , Harlow : Essex, Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Chambers , R. , Pacey , A. and Thrupp , L.A. , eds. 1989 . Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and Agricultural Research , London : IT Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Chasek , Pamela S. 1994 . “ ‘From Stockholm to Rio: An Analysis of 20 Years of Multilateral Environmental Negotiation in the United Nations System’ ” . Washington DC : The Johns Hopkins University . Ph.D. thesis,
   Google Scholar
• Conca , Ken and Lipschutz , Ronnie D. 1993 . “ ‘A Tale of Two Forests’ ” . In The State and Social Power in Global Environmental Politics , Edited by: Lipschutz , Ronnie D. and Conca , Ken . New York : Columbia University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Douglas , Mary . 1975 . “ ‘Environments at Risk’ ” . In Implicit Meanings: Essays in Anthropology , 230 – 48 . London : Routledge and Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Farrington , John . 1988 . ‘Farmer Participatory Research: Editorial Introduction’ (Farming Systems Series ‐ No. 10) . Experimental Agriculture , 24 : 269 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finger , Matthias . 1994 . “ ‘Environmental NGOs and the UNCED Process’ ” . In Environmental NGOs in World Politics , Edited by: Princen , T. and Finger , M. 186 – 213 . New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Grainger , Alan . 1990 . The Threatening Desert: Controlling Desertification , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• Grove‐White , Robin . 1992 . “ ‘Human Identity and the Environment Crisis’ ” . In The Earth Beneath: A Critique of Green Theology , Edited by: Ball , Ian , Goodall , Margaret , Palmer , Clare and Reader , John . 13 – 34 . London : SPCK .
   Google Scholar
• Grove‐White , Robin and Szerszynski , Bronislaw . 1992 . ‘Getting behind Environmental Ethics’ . Environmental Values , 1 : 285 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Haufler , Virginia . 1993 . “ ‘Crossing the Boundary between Public and Private: International Regimes and Non‐state Actors’ ” . In Regime Theory and International Relations , Edited by: Rittberger , Volker . 94 – 111 . Oxford : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar
• IISD . 1993 . Earth Negotiations Bulletin Vol. 4 No. 22 , Winnipeg : International Institute for Sustainable Development .
   Google Scholar
• IISD . 1994 . Earth Negotiations Bulletin Vol. 4, No. 55 , Winnipeg : International Institute for Sustainable Development .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , Stanley P. , ed. 1993 . The Earth Summit: The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) , London : Graham and Trotman .
   Google Scholar
• Keohane , Robert O. , Haas , Peter M. and Levy , Marc A. 1993 . “ ‘The Effectiveness of International Environmental Institutions’ ” . In Institutions for the Earth , Edited by: Haas , Peter M. , Keohane , Robert O. and Levy , Marc A. 3 – 24 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Litfin , Karen . 1993 . “ ‘Ecoregimes: Playing Tug of War with the Nation‐state’ ” . In The State and Social Power in Global Environmental Politics , Edited by: Lipschutz , Ronnie D. and Conca , Ken . 94 – 117 . New York : Columbia University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mintzer , Irving M. and Leonard , J.A. 1994 . “ ‘Visions of the Past, Lessons for the Future’ ” . In Negotiating Climate Change , Edited by: Mintzer , Irving M. and Leonard , J.A. 321 – 34 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mortimore , Michael . 1993 . “ ‘The Sahel’ ” . In International Environmental Negotiation , Edited by: Sjostedt , Gunnar . 149 – 70 . California : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Panos . 1994 . Panos Media Briefing No. 8 London, Panos updated June 1994
   Google Scholar
• Porter , Gareth and Brown , Janet Welsh . 1991 . Global Environmental Politics , Boulder : Colorado, Westview Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rahman , Atiq and Roncerel , Annie . 1994 . “ ‘A View from the Ground Up’ ” . In Negotiating Climate Change , Edited by: Mintzer , Irving M. and Leonard , J.A. 239 – 73 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Toulmin , Camilla . 1993 . Combating Desertification: Setting the Agenda for a Global Convention , London : International Institute for Environment and Development .
   Google Scholar
• UNEP . 1991 . “ ‘Status of Desertification and Implementation of the United Nations Plan of Action to Combat Desertification’ ” . Nairobi : UNEP .
   Google Scholar
• UN General Assembly . 1994 . Elaboration of an International Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa. Final Text of the Convention. A/AC.241/27 , United Nations : New York .
   Google Scholar
• Wynne , Brian . 1982 . Rationality and Ritual: The Windscale Enquiry and Nuclear Decisions in Britain , Chalfont St Giles Bucks : British Society for the History of Science .
   Google Scholar
• Young , Oran R. 1989 . ‘The Politics of International Regime Formation: Managing Natural Resources and the Environment’ . International Organization , 43 : 349 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar