677
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Vernaculars in Literacy and Basic Education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand

Pages 122-142 | Published online: 22 Dec 2008

References

  • ADB . 2000 . Health and Education Needs of Ethnic Minorities in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region Lao Country Report, August 2000. Asian Development Bank, TA No. 5794-REG and Research Triangle Institute
  • APPEAL . 2001 . Regional Workshop on Functional Literacy for Indigenous Peoples. Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China, 24–29 October 2000. Final Report , Bangkok : UNESCO, PROAP .
  • Atlas of Thailand . 2004 . Atlas of Thailand: Spatial Structure and Development. Under the direction of Doryane Kermer-Torrès , Chiang Mai : Silkworm .
  • Bangkok Post . 2004 . Pallop says rebels have huge support: 70,000 sympathisers, mostly young people . Bangkok Post—General News , 31 March
  • Bangkok Post . 2005 . Textbooks 'culturally sensitive' . Bangkok Post—General News , 18 April
  • Benson , C. J. 2004 . The Importance of L1-based Schooling for Educational Quality. Commissioned study for EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005 , Paris : UNESCO .
  • Blachford , D. R. 1997 . “ Bilingual education in China ” . In Encyclopedia of Language and Education, Vol. 5. Bilingual Education , Edited by: Cummins , J. and Corson , D. 157 – 66 . Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic .
  • CARE International Cambodia . 2004 . “ Cambodia: Highland Children's Education Project (HCEP), Ratanakiri Province ” . In The Challenge of Indigenous Education: Practice and Perspectives , Edited by: King , L. and Schielmann , S. 113 – 22 . Paris : UNESCO .
  • Chamberlain , J. R. , Alton , C. and Crisfield , A. G. 1995 . Indigenous Peoples Profile. Adocument prepared for the World Bank , Vientiane : Care International .
  • Chandler , D. 1998 . A History of Cambodia , 2nd edn , Chiang Mai : Silkworm .
  • Chazée , L. 1999 . The Peoples of Laos: Rural and Ethnic Diversities , Bangkok : White Lotus .
  • Chap , Chey and Thomas , A. Bilingual education in Cambodia . A paper presented at the Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Minority Communities in Asia . November 6–8 2003 , Bangkok, Thailand. On WWW at http://www.sil.org/asia/ldc/parrallel_papers/he_chey_chap.pdf. Accessed 28.05.05
  • Crystal , D. 2002 . Language Death. CANTO edition , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Dutcher , N. 2004 . Expanding Educational Opportunity in Linguistically Diverse Societies , Washington, DC : Center for Applied Linguistics .
  • Escott , J. 2000 . Minority education in Cambodia: The case of the Khmer Loeu. . Intercultural Education , 11 ( 3 ) : 239 – 51 .
  • Evans , G. , ed. 1999 . Laos: Culture and Society , Chiang Mai : Silkworm .
  • Geary , D. N. and Yongrong , Pan . 2003 . Abilingual education pilot project among the Kam people in Guizhou province, China. . Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , 24 ( 4 ) : 274 – 89 .
  • Ethnologue . 2005 . Ethnologue: Languages of the World , 15th edn , Dallas, TX : SIL International . On WWW at http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp
  • Hornberger , N. H. , ed. 2003 . Continua of Biliteracy: An Ecological Framework for Educational Policy, Research, and Practice in Multilingual Settings , Clevedon : Multilingual Matters .
  • 2004 . Informal Consultation on Ethnic Minority Language Issues and Challenges in Lao PDR Unpublished report on a seminar held at UNICEF's Vientiane headquarters on 31st October 2003
  • Jennings , W. J. 1998 . Iu-Meinh Literacy Lessons: Applying Learning Styles and Perceived Needs Using Familiar Texts. Technical Paper 32 , Chiang Mai : Payap Research and Development Institute .
  • Jernudd , B. 1999 . “ anguage education policies—Asia ” . In Concise Encyclopedia of Educational Linguistics , Edited by: Spolsky , B. 116 – 22 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • Jordi , J. 2003 . Multilingual education in northeastern Cambodia . A paper presented at the Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Minority Communities in Asia . November 6–8 2003 , Bangkok, Thailand.
  • Kanstrup-Jensen , A. 2001 . Educational constraints and resources among ethnic minority groups in the Lao PDR. . Adult Education and Development , 56 : 83 – 90 .
  • Kaplan , R. B. and Baldauf , R. B. 1997 . Language Planning: From Practice to Theory , Clevedon : Multilingual Matters .
  • Kaplan , R. B. and Baldauf , R. B. 2003 . Language and Language-in-Education Planning in the Pacific Basin , Dordrecht : Kluwer .
  • Karenni Literature Committee . 1994 . Literacy Primer and Reader (in Kayah)
  • Kingsada , T. 2003 . Languages and ethnic classification in the Lao PDR. Waalasaan Phasaa Lae Xiwit . Language and Life Journal 1/2003 , : 24 – 39 .
  • Klaus , D. 2003 . The use of indigenous languages in early basic education in Papua New Guinea: A model for elsewhere? . Language and Education , 17 ( 2 ) : 105 – 11 .
  • Khrongkaan nangsue Karien Pwo . 1999 . Baebrien Phasaa Karien Pwo Samrap Phuyai. [Pwo Karen Primer for Adults] . Chiang Mai ,
  • Komorowski , A. R. 2001 . An exploration of stakeholder relationships and priorities and how they impact on ethnic minority education in Laos , MA Dissertation Institute of Education, University of London .
  • Kosonen , K. Literacy in a minority language—the case of Chong of Chantaburi . Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Thai Studies . January 2002 , Nakorn Phanom, Thailand. Nakorn Phanom : Ramkamhaeng University . Chapter 19–03
  • Kosonen , K. 2002b . “ Vernacular literacy in community development: The Chong of Thailand ” . In Voices from Phnom Penh. Development and Language: Global Influences and Local Effects , Edited by: Lo Bianco , J. 243 – 60 . Melbourne : Language Australia .
  • Kosonen , K. 2003 . Community participation in minority language education in Thailand. . Journal of Southeast Asian Education , 4 ( 1 ) : 104 – 36 .
  • Kosonen , K. 2004 . Language in Education Policy and Practice in Vietnam. Commissioned study , Hanoi : UNICEF .
  • Kosonen , K. 2005 . “ Education in local languages: Policy and practice in south-east Asia ” . In First Language First: Community-based Literacy Programmes for Minority Language Context in Asia , 96 – 134 . Bangkok : UNESCO .
  • Lao National Literacy Survey . 2004 . Lao National Literacy Survey 2001, Final Report , Bangkok : UNESCO .
  • Leclerc , J. 2005a . “ Cambodge [Cambodia] ” . In L'Aménagement Linguistique dans le Monde [Language planning around the world] , Quebec : TLFQ, Université Laval . On WWW at http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/asie/cambodge.htm. Accessed 24.05.05
  • Leclerc , J. 2005b . Laos. In L'Aménagement Linguistique dans le Monde [Language Planning Around the World] , Quebec : TLFQ, Université Laval . On WWW at http://www.tlfq. ulaval.ca/axl/asie/Laos.htm. Accessed 24.05.05
  • Leclerc , J. 2005c . Thailande [Thailand]. In L'Aménagement Linguistique dans le Monde [Language Planning Around the World] , Quebec : TLFQ, Université Laval . On WWW at http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/asie/thailande.htm. Accessed 24.05.05
  • Liddicoat , A. J. 2004 . Language planning for literacy: Issues and implications. . Current Issues in Language Planning , 5 ( 1 ) : 1 – 17 .
  • Luke , A. and Grieshaber , S. 2004 . New adventures in the politics of literacy: An introduction. . Journal of Early Childhood Literacy , 4 ( 1 ) : 5 – 9 .
  • Malone , D. L. 2001 . Language development in a minority language community: Report of the Chong writers workshop, Klong Phlu village, Khao Kichakut district, Chantaburi province, 4–6 August 2000. . Mon-Khmer Studies , 31 : 141 – 52 .
  • Malone , D. L. 2003 . Developing curriculum materials for endangered language education: Lessons from the field. . International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism , 6 ( 5 ) : 332 – 48 .
  • Middelborg , J. 2005 . Highland Children's Education Project: A Pilot Project on Bilingual Education in Cambodia , Bangkok : UNESCO .
  • MOE . 1999 . Final Country Report Lao PDR. Education for All: The Year 2000 Assessment, 2nd December 1999 , Vientiane : NationalEFA2000 Assessment Group, Ministry of Education .
  • MoEYS . 2000 . Report on the Assessment of the Functional Literacy Levels of the Adult Population in Cambodia , Phnom Penh : Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Kingdom of Cambodia .
  • MoEYS . 2003 . Draft Law on Education , Phnom Penh : Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Kingdom of Cambodia .
  • Morse , D. L. and Tehan , T. M. Howdo you write Lisu? . Endangered Languages and Literacy. Proceedings of the Fourth FEL Conference, Endangered Languages and Literacy. Proceedings of the Fourth FEL Conference . Edited by: Ostler , N. and Rudes , B. pp. 53 – 62 . Bath : Foundation for Endangered Languages .
  • Nagai , Y. 2001 . Vernacular education and development: Dilemmas, struggles and innovations in Papua New Guinea. . Convergence , 34 ( 1 ) : 67 – 83 .
  • National Statistical Centre . 1997 . Lao Census 1995: Country Report , Vientiane : National Planning Committee, National Statistical Centre .
  • Noorlander , J. , Sohout , K. and Samal , K. 2003 . Bilingual minority community schools in Ratanakiri Province: Highland Children's Education Project . A paper presented at the Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Minority Communities in Asia . November 6–8 2003 , Bangkok, Thailand. On WWW at http://www.sil.org/asia/ldc/parrallel_papers/noorlander_%20samal_ and_%20sohout.pdf. Accessed 28.05.05
  • Osborne , M. 1997 . Southeast Asia:AnIntroductory History , 7th edn , Chiang Mai : Silkworm .
  • Osborne , M. 2000 . The Mekong: Turbulent Past, Uncertain Future , St Leonards, NSW : Allen & Unwin .
  • Person , K. R. 1999 . Writing Bisu: A Community-based Approach to Orthography Development. Technical Paper 42. Payap Research and Development Institute , Chiang Mai : PayapUniversity .
  • Person , K. R. 2005 . Language revitalization or dying gasp? Language preservation efforts among the Bisu of Northern Thailand. . International Journal of the Sociology of Language , 173 : 119 – 43 .
  • Postiglione , G. A. , ed. 1999 . China's National Minority Education: Culture, Schooling, and Development , New York : Falmer .
  • Premsrirat , S. 1998 . Phattanasue Phasaa Pheunbaan Kooranii Phasaa Khmer Thin Thai. [Developing Local Language, the Case of Northern Khmer]. Nakorn Phatom , Institute of Language and Culture for Rural Development, Mahidol University .
  • Premsrirat , S. 2000 . Phattanaa Rabopkhien Phasaa Chong. [Developing Chong writing system]. . Journal of Language and Culture , 19 ( 2 ) : 5 – 18 .
  • Premsrirat , S. 2002 . Report on the Chong revitalization workshops. . Mon-Khmer Studies , 32 : 175 – 9 .
  • Robinson , C. D. W. 1999 . Thread, web and tapestry-making: Processes of development and language. . Compare , 29 ( 1 ) : 23 – 39 .
  • Schliesinger , J. 2000 . Ethnic Groups of Thailand: Non-Tai-Speaking Peoples , Bangkok : White Lotus .
  • Schliesinger , J. 2003 . Ethnic Groups of Laos , Vols 1–4 , Bangkok : White Lotus .
  • Siegel , J. 1997 . Formal vs. non-formal vernacular education: The education reform in PapuaNewGuinea. . Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , 18 ( 3 ) : 206 – 22 .
  • Sisouphanthong , B. and Taillard , C. 2000 . Atlas of Laos: Spatial Structures of the Economic and Social Development of the Lao People's Democratic Republic , Copenhagen : Nordic Institute of Asian Studies and Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books .
  • Siltragool , W. and Petcharugsa , S. 2005 . “ Thailand country report ” . In First Language First: Community-based Literacy Programmes for Minority Language Context in Asia , 195 – 212 . Bangkok : UNESCO .
  • Siltragool , W. , Petcharugsa , S. and Chouenon , A. 2003 . Khrongkaan wijai lae Phattanasue Phuea Kaanruunangsue Samrap Chonklumnoi nai Phynthi Amphoe Omkoi Cangwat Chiang Mai [Action Research Project on Literacy for Ethnic Minorities in Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province] , Bangkok : Office of the Nonformal Education Commission, Thai Ministry of Education .
  • Skutnabb-Kangas , T. 2000 . Linguistic Genocide in Education—or Worldwide Diversity and Human Rights? , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • Smalley , W. A. , ed. 1976 . Phonemes and Orthography: Language Planning in Ten Minority Languages of Thailand. Pacific Linguistics, Series C, 43 , Canberra : Australian National University .
  • Smalley , W. A. 1994 . Linguistic Diversity and National Unity: Language Ecology in Thailand , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Souvanvixay , M. , Nouannavong , O. , Keovongsa , K. and Ovington , G. 2002 . “ Second languages in ethnic and linguistic diversity in Laos ” . In Voices from Phnom Penh. Development & Language: Global Influences & Local Effects , Edited by: Lo Bianco , J. 295 – 302 . Melbourne : Language Australia .
  • Stuart-Fox , M. 1997 . A History of Laos , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Thai Ministry of Education . 2000 . Education in Thailand 1999 , Bangkok : Ministry of Education .
  • Thomas , A. E. 2002 . Bilingual community-based education in the Cambodian highlands: Asuccessful approach for enabling access to education by indigenous peoples. . Journal of Southeast Asian Education , 3 ( 1 ) : 26 – 58 .
  • Thomas , A. E. 2003 . Designing and launching bilingual community-based non-formal education & extension initiatives in the Cambodian highlands . A paper presented at the Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Minority Communities in Asia . November 6–8 2003 , Bangkok, Thailand. On WWWat http://www.sil.org/asia/ldc/parrallel_papers/anne_thomas.pdf. Accessed 28.05.05
  • Tollefson , J. W. and Tsui , A. B.M. , eds. 2004 . Medium of Instruction Policies. Which Agenda? Whose Agenda? , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • TU-SIL . 2002 . Minority Language Orthography in Thailand: Five Case Studies. Edited by the TU-SIL-LRDP Committee , Bangkok : Thammasat University .
  • UNESCO . 2003a . Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2003/4: Gender and Education for All, the Leap to Equality , Paris : UNESCO .
  • UNESCO . 2003b . Education in a Multilingual World. UNESCO Education Position Paper , Paris : UNESCO .
  • UNESCO . 2004 . Gender and Ethnicity in the Context of Equality and Access in Lao Education. Draft Report , Bangkok : Gender and Ethnic Minority Education Unit (GEMEU), Ministry of Education, Lao PDR, and UNESCO Bangkok .
  • UNESCO . 2005 . First Language First: Community-based Literacy Programmes for Minority Language Context in Asia , Bangkok : UNESCO .
  • UNICEF . 2004 . Ensuring the Rights of Indigenous Children. Innocenti Digest no. 11 , Florence : UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre .
  • Walter , S. L. Literacy, Education and Language (prepublication draft) , Dallas : SIL International . forthcoming
  • Yaowen , Zhou . 1992 . Bilingualism and bilingual education in China. . International Journal of the Sociology of Language , 97 : 37 – 45 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.