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Original Articles

Cultivating hot peppers and water crisis in India's desert: Toward a theory of understanding ecological crisis

Pages 19-29 | Published online: 05 Jul 2019

References

  • 1986. Statistical Abstract Rajasthan, 1982 . Jaipur: Directorate of Economic and Statistics [DES]; 1986, Statistical Abstract Rajasthan, 1986 (Jaipur: DES, 1990).
  • Rath, Nilakantha , and Mitra, A.K. , 1986. "Economics of Utilization of Canal Water in Dry Agricultural Regions". In: Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics . Vol. 41. 1986, in, no. 2, My research shows a similar water-consumption ratio between chili pepper and locally consumed cereals and pulses such as jowar, moong, and bajra.
  • Blaikie, Piers , 1985. The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries . 1985, Essex: Longman Development Series.
  • Smith, Neil , 1984. Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space . Oxford: Basil Blackwell; 1984, Raymond Williams, The Country and the City (London: Hogarth, 1985); Samir Amin, Unequal Development (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1976); and James O'Connor, “Uneven and Combined Development and Ecological Crisis,” Race and Class, vol. 30, no. 3 (1989).
  • Polanyi, Karl , 1944. The Great Transformation . Boston: Beacon Press; 1944. pp. 130–130, emphasis added.
  • Block, Fred , and Somers, Margaret , 1984. "Beyond the Economistic Fallacy: The Holistic Social Science of Karl Polanyi". In: Skoçpol, Theda , , ed. Vision and Method in Historical Sociology . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1984, in.
  • 1989. India's Deforestation: Patterns and Processes . Berkeley: University of California; 1989, at the.
  • O'Connor, James , 1988. "A Theoretical Introduction". In: Capitalism, Nature, Socialism . 1988, in, no. 1 Fall.
  • Capitalism, Nature, Socialism . pp. 16–16, emphasis added.
  • Jodha, N.S. , 1983. Presented at Market Forces and Erosion of Common Property Resources. October, 1983, conference paper, ICRISAT, Patancheru, conference paper, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Jodha, “Common Property Resources and Rural Poor in Dry Regions of India,” Economic and Political Weekly (EPW), vol. 21, no. 27 (5 July 1986), p. 27; and Madhav Gadgil, “Towards an Ecological History of India,” EPW, vol. 20, nos. 46–47 (November 1985).
  • limits to growth , this position is argued by the famous Western writers on ecology (the Ehrlichs, Hardin, Ophuls, Shumacher, Meadows, and the Club of Rome) and has become the linchpin of the dominant ideological framework for Western bourgeois environmen-talism.
  • Ahuja, Kanta , and Sagar, Vidya , 1987. Rural Transformation in a Developing Economy . Jaipur: Kumar and Company; 1987, and DES, Statistical Abstract Rajasthan, 1986.
  • Dhillon, Paul Singh , 1987. Water Resources Development and Management in Northwest India . Chandigarh: Center for Research in Rural and Industrial Development; 1987. pp. 31–31.
  • Mohnot, S.M. , 1988. Restoration of Jodhpur's Traditional Water System and Catchment . Jodhpur University and the Prime Minister's Commission on Forests; 1988, See also S.K. Saxena and P.C. Chatterji, “Ecological Imbalances Caused by Mining in Rajasthan and Their Restoration,” from an edited 1988 book on India's mining industry, published by Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
  • Green Files , a monthly compilation produced and sold by The Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi. Much of this drought information comes from a variety of sources, including the Green Files, a 1988 Jodhpur-based report of the Desert Medical Research Institute, and local informants from the government, academia, social agencies, and the villages.
  • Olsen, , 1987. "Manmade ‘Drought’ in Rayalseema". In: EPW . 1987, finds similar results in Rayalseema, as described in her short but highly suggestive article;See also D.A. Mooley and B. Parthasarthi, “Fluctuations in All-India Summer Monsoon During 1871–1978,” Climatic Change, vol. 6 (1984), pp. 287-301, on the steadiness of rainfall over time.
  • Bandyopadhyay, J. , 1987. Ecology of Drought and Water Scarcity . Dehradun: Research Foundation for Science and Ecology; 1987, and the sources cited there.
  • 1988. Indian Express . 1988.
  • Ecology of Drought . pp. 1–2.
  • Goldman, Michael , and Buell, Rebecca , 1991. "Untouchables Reclaim the Indian Desert". In: Benjamin, Medea , , ed. Development that Works: Grassroots Solutions to Hunger and Poverty . Washington, DC: Seven Locks Press; 1991, in.
  • Rao's, Brinda , 1989. Struggling for Production Conditions and Producing Conditions for Emancipation: Women and Water in Rural Maharashtra , Capitalism, Nature, and Socialism 1 (2) (1989).
  • Polyani, , The Great Transformation . pp. 178–178.
  • Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics , on the sugar-producing region of Maharashtra and the degradative and exploitative nature of its production. The laboring peasants in this region are also the most politically active, protesting regularly over relations-of-production issues.
  • O'Connor, , Uneven and Combined Development . pp. 27–27.

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