3,469
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Hashtags and hip-hop: exploring the online performances of hip-hop identified youth using Instagram

, , &
Pages 135-152 | Received 24 Feb 2015, Accepted 30 May 2016, Published online: 24 Jun 2016

References

  • Baum, Joel, Stephanie Brill, Jay Brown, Alison Delpercio, Ellen Kahn, Lisa Kenney, and Anne Nicoll. 2013. “Supporting and Caring for Our Gender Expansive Youth.” Accessed November 5, 2015. http://s3.amazonaws.com/hrc-assets//files/assets/resources/Gender-expansive-youth-report-final.pdf
  • Brown, Ruth Nicole. 2009. Black Girlhood Celebration: Toward a Hip-Hop Feminist Pedagogy. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Brown, Ruth Nicole, and Chamara Jewel Kwakye. 2012. Wish to Live: The Hip-Hop Feminism Pedagogy Reader. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Clay, Andreana. 2003. “Keepin' it Real: Black Youth, Hip-Hop Culture, and Black Identity.” American Behavioral Scientist 46 (10): 1346–1358.
  • Collins, Patricia Hill. 2005. Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism. New York: Routledge.
  • Dixon, Travis, Yuanyuan Zhang, and Kate Conrad. 2009. “Self-Esteem, Misogyny and Afrocentricity: An Examination of the Relationship between Rap Music Consumption and African American Perceptions.” Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 12 (3): 345–360.
  • Drake. 2013. “Started From the Bottom.” Music Single. Written by A. Graham, W. Coleman, and W. Shebib. Recorded February 6. Track from album Nothing Was the Same. USA: Young Money Entertainment, Cash Money Records, and Republic Records.
  • Durham, Aisha. 2007. “Using [Living Hip-Hop] Feminism: Redefining an Answer (to) Rap.” In Home Girls Make Some Noise: Hip Hop Feminism Anthology, edited by Gwendolyn D. Pough, Elaine Richardson, Aisha Durham, and Rachel Raimist, 304–312. Mira Loma, CA: Parker Publishing.
  • Durham, Aisha. 2010. “Hip Hop Feminist Media Studies.” International Journal of Africana Studies 16 (1): 117–140.
  • Durham, Aisha. 2012. “Check On It.” Feminist Media Studies 12 (1): 35–49.
  • Durham, Aisha, Brittney Cooper, and Susana Morris. 2013. “The Stage Hip-Hop Feminism Built: A New Directions Essay.” Signs 38 (3): 721–737.
  • Hill, Clara, Sarah Knox, Barbara J. Thompson, Elizabeth Nutt Williams, Shirley A. Hess, and Nicholas Ladany. 2005. “Consensual Qualitative Research: An Update.” Journal of Counseling Psychology 52 (2): 196–205.
  • Hill, Clara, Barbara Thompson, and Elizabeth Nutt Williams. 1997. “A Guide to Conducting Consensual Qualitative Research.” The Counseling Psychologist 25 (4): 517–572.
  • Instagram. 2013. FAQ. Accessed September 28, 2013. http://instagram.com/about/faq/
  • Isoke, Zenzele. 2012. “Hip-Hop Feminism in a Midwestern Classroom.” In Wish to Live: The Hip-hop Feminism Pedagogy Reader, edited by Ruth Nicole Brown and Chamara Jewel Kwakye, 33–45. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Krogstad, Manuel Jens. 2015. “Social media preferences vary by race and ethnicity.” Pew Research Center, February 3. Accessed December 10, 2015. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/02/03/social-media-preferences-vary-by-race-and-ethnicity/
  • Martino, Wayne, and Maria Pallotta-Chiarolli. 2001. “Gender Performativity and Normalizing Practices.” In Unseen Genders: Beyond the Binaries, edited by Felicity Haynes and Tarquam McKenna, 87–119. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Mock, Janet. 2013. “Sound Off: Black Women Writers Respond to Rihanna’s ‘Pour It Up.’” The Feminist Wire, October 11. Accessed December 10, 2015. http://www.thefeministwire.com/2013/10/sound-off-black-women-writers-respond-to-rihannas-pour-it-up/
  • Morgan, Joan. 1999. When Chickenheads Come Home to Roost: A Hip-Hop Feminist Breaks It Down. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Peoples, Whitney A. 2008. “‘Under Construction’: Identifying Foundations of Hip-Hop Feminism and Exploring Bridges Between Black Second-Wave and Hip-Hop Feminisms.” Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism 8 (1): 19–52.
  • Phillips, Layli, Kerri Reddick-Morgan, and Dionne Patricia Stephens. 2005. “Oppositional Consciousness Within an Oppositional Realm: The Case of Feminism and Womanism in Rap and Hip Hop, 1976–2004.” The Journal of African American History 90 (3): 253–277.
  • Prier, Darius, and Floyd Beachum. 2008. “Conceptualizing a Critical Discourse Around Hip-Hop Culture and Black Male Youth in Educational Scholarship and Research.” International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 42 (1): 519–535.
  • Rabaka, Reiland. 2011. Hip Hop’s Inheritance: From the Harlem Renaissance to the Hip Hop Feminist Movement. Lanham, MD: Lexington.
  • Reid-Brinkley, Shanara R. 2008. “The Essence of Res(ex)pectability: Black Women’s Negotiation of Black Femininity in Rap Music and Music Video.” Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism 8 (1): 236–260.
  • Richardson, Jeanita, and Kim Scott. 2002. “Rap Music and its Violent Progeny: America’s Culture of Violence in Context.” Journal of Negro Education 71 (3): 175–192.
  • Rihanna. 2013. “Pour it Up.” Music Single. Written by M. Williams, T. Thomas, and T. Thomas. Recorded January 8. Track from album Unapologetic. USA: Def Jam.
  • Roberts-Douglass, Karisman, and Harriet Curtis-Boles. 2013. “Exploring Positive Masculinity Development in African American Men: A Retrospective Study.” Psychology of Men & Masculinity 14 (1): 7–15.
  • Rose, Tricia. 1994. Black Noise. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press.
  • Shimeles, Nebeu. 2010. “I Love My Niggas No Homo—Homophobia and the Capitalist Subversion of Violent Masculinity in Hip-Hop.” Critical Theory and Social Justice Journal of Undergraduate Research 1 (1): 1–26.
  • Skeggs, Beverly. 1997. Formations of Class & Gender: Becoming Respectable. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Spangler, Patricia T., Jingquing Liu, and Clara E. Hill. 2012. “Consensual Qualitative Research for Simple Qualitative Data: An Introduction to CQR-M.” In Consensual Qualitative Research, edited by Clara E. Hill, 269–283. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Stephens, Dionne P., and April L. Few. 2007a. “Hip Hop Honey or Video Ho: African American Preadolescents’ Understanding of Female Sexual Scripts in Hip Hop Culture.” Sexuality & Culture 11 (4): 48–69.
  • Stephens, Dionne P., and April L. Few. 2007b. “The Effects of Images of African American Women in Hip Hop on Early Adolescents’ Attitudes Toward Physical Attractiveness and Interpersonal Relationships.” Sex Roles 56 (3–4): 251–264.
  • Stephens, Dionne P., and Layli D. Phillips. 2003. “Freaks, Gold Diggers, Divas, and Dykes: The Sociohistorical Development of Adolescent African American Women’s Sexual Scripts.” Sexuality and Culture 7 (1): 3–49.
  • Stephens, Dionne P., and Layli D. Phillips. 2005. “Integrating Black Feminist Thought into Conceptual Frameworks of African American Adolescent Women’s Sexual Scripting Processes.” Sexualities, Evolution & Gender 7 (1): 37–55.
  • Stokes, Carla E. 2007. “Representin’ in Cyberspace: Sexual Scripts, Self-definition, and Hip Hop Culture in Black American Adolescent Girls’ Home Pages.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 9 (2): 169–184.
  • Thiel, Shayla Marie. 2005. “‘IM me’: Identity Construction and Gender Negotiation in the World of Adolescent Girls and Instant Messaging.” In Girl Wide Web: Girls, the Internet, and the Negotiation of Identity, edited by Sharon R. Mazzarella, 179–201. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Tyson, Edgar H. 2003. “Rap Music in Social Work Practice with African-American and Latino Youth: A Conceptual Model with Practical Applications.” Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment 8 (4): 1–21.
  • Wale. 2013. “Bad.” Music Single. Written by O. Akintimehin and T. Thomas. Recorded February 5, with Tiara Thomas. Track from album The Gifted. USA: Maybach Music Group, Atlantic Records.
  • Watts, Roderick J., Jaleel K. Abdul-Adil, and Terrance Pratt. 2002. “Enhancing Critical Consciousness in Young African American Men: A Psychoeducational Approach.” Psychology of Men & Masculinity 3 (1): 41–50.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.