How to make victory rolls: gender, memory, and the counterarchive in YouTube pinup hair tutorials

References

• Attwood, Feona. 2011. “Through the Looking Glass? Sexual Agency and Subjectification Online.” In New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism and Subjectivity, edited by Christina Scharff and Rosalind Gill, 203–214. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9780230294523
   Google Scholar
• Banet-Weiser, Sarah. 2012. Authentic: The Politics of Ambivalence in a Brand Culture. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beckingham, Carolyn. 2005. Is Fashion a Woman’s Right?. Eastbourne: Sussex Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Buszek, Maria Elena. 2006. Pin-up Grrrls: Feminism, Sexuality, Popular Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.10.1215/9780822387565
   Google Scholar
• Cahill, Ann J. 2003. “Feminist Pleasure and Feminine Beautification.” Hypatia 18 (4): 42–64.10.1111/j.1527-2001.2003.tb01412.x
   Google Scholar
• callme_Trice. 2015. “Vintage Hair Tutorial - Victory Rolls on 4c Natural Hair / the Black Pinup Series.” YouTube Video. March 14, 2015, 9:50. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sBf3vcs1ycI
   Google Scholar
• Cherry Dollface. 2011a. “Vintage Hair Tutorial Pinup Bandana Updo ‘Rosie the Riveter’.” YouTube Video. November 22, 2011, 8:19. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=IH4KWLiyuK4
   Google Scholar
• Cherry Dollface. 2011b. “Vintage 1950’s Curly Hair Tutorial Ala Marilyn Monroe by Cherry Dollface.” YouTube Video. October 26, 2011, 8:52. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=Uw90n9zWEGE
   Google Scholar
• Cherry Dollface. 2012. “Vintage Everyday Beehive Bouffant Hair Tutorial by Cherry Dollface.” YouTube Video. April 24, 2012, 7:33. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDjkMZR-el4
   Google Scholar
• Cherry Dollface. 2015. “My Favorite Red Lipsticks with Swatches! by Cherry Dollface.” YouTube Video. January 15, 2015, 5:55. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=9K8myhCPjak
   Google Scholar
• Cherry Dollface. 2016a. “Sound Effects for All My Ridiculous Faces! by Cherry Dollface.” YouTube Video. March 29, 2016, 1:44. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FDlXUvP719c
   Google Scholar
• Cherry Dollface. 2016b. “Vintage Hair Do’s & Don’ts! [Sic] by Cherry Dollface.” YouTube Video. March 26, 2016, 5:20. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-IaIl5OWjY
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, Mark Garrett. 2010. Universal Women: Filmmaking and Institutional Change in Early Hollywood. Urbana: University of Illinois.
   Google Scholar
• Craig, Maxine. 2007. “Race, Beauty, and the Tangled Knot of Guilty Pleasure.” Feminist Theory 7 (2): 159–177.
   Google Scholar
• Creet, Julia, and Andreas Kitzman, eds. 2011. Memory and Migration: Multidisciplinary Approaches to Memory Studies. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dear Naturalivory. 2014. “Retro Chic Updo / Coiffure Rapid Cheveaux Naturals / Natural Hairstyle.” YouTube Video. June 15, 2014, 4:11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tft5tIZvF1Y
   Google Scholar
• Derrida, Jacques. 1998. Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression. Translated by Eric Prenowitz. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dobson, Amy Shields. 2014. “Performative Shamelessness on Young Women's Social Network Sites: Shielding the Self and Resisting Gender Melancholia.” Feminism & Psychology 24 (1): 97–114.10.1177/0959353513510651
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobson, Amy Shields. 2015. Postfeminist Digital Cultures: Femininity, Social Media, and Self-Representation. New York: Palgrave McMillan.10.1057/9781137404206
   Google Scholar
• Duffy, Brooke. 2016. “The Romance of Work: Gender and Aspirational Labour in the Digital Culture Industries.” International Journal of Cultural Studies 19 (4): 441–457.10.1177/1367877915572186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreday, Debra. 2008. “Showing the Girl: The New Burlesque.” Feminist Theory 9 (1): 47–65.10.1177/1464700108086363
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiell, Charlotte, ed. 2012. Hairstyles: Ancient to Present. London: Fiell.
   Google Scholar
• Foucault, Michele. 1972. The Archeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language. Translated by A. M. Sheridan Smith. New York: Pantheon Books.
   Google Scholar
• FusionofCultures. 2013. “Hair Tutorial & Review / Black Pin-up Girl -40’s/50’s Glam.” YouTube Video. December 14, 2013, 5:13. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=vd2E7wcKYJc
   Google Scholar
• Gibson, Pamela Church. 2011. Fashion and Celebrity Culture. Oxford, UK: Berg Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, Rosalind. 2005. “Review: Technofeminism.” Science as Culture 14 (1): 97–101.10.1080/09505430500042130
   Google Scholar
• Gill, Rosalind. 2007. Gender and the Media. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, Anita. 2004. Future Girl: Young Women in the Twenty-First Century. Hove: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hershatter, Gail. 2011. The Gender of Memory: Rural Women and China’s Collective past. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsch, Marianne. 2012. The Generation of Postmemory: Writing and Visual Culture after the Holocaust. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsch, Marianne, and Valerie Smith. 2002. “Feminism and Cultural Memory: An Introduction.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 28 (1): 1–19.10.1086/340890
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, Sue. 2006. “‘Street Girl’: New Sexual Subjectivity in a NZ Soap Drama?” Feminist Media Studies 6 (4): 469–486.10.1080/14680770600989905
   Google Scholar
• Jessica Pettway. 2014. “Simple Chic Retro Protective Style on 4c Natural Hair.” YouTube Video. July 10, 2014, 2:25. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4-RbTriFf8
   Google Scholar
• Laidler, Karen, and Marissa Dean. 2013. “A New Girl in Town: Exploring Girlhood Identities through Facebook.” First Monday 18: 2–4. http://firstmonday.org/article/view/4230/3412
   Google Scholar
• Lazar, Michelle. 2009. “Entitled to Consume: Postfeminist Femininity and a Culture of Post-Critique.” Discourse & Communication 3 (4): 371–400.10.1177/1750481309343872
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin, David, and Sigal Barak Brandes. 2014. “‘Like My Status’: Israeli Teenage Girls Constructing Their Social Connections on the Facebook Social Network.” Feminist Media Studies 14 (5): 743–758.
   Google Scholar
• Lisa FreemontStreet. 2009. “Pin up Hairstyle: Rolf Armstrong Inspired.” YouTube Video. 3:41. Last accessed June 19, 2013. The video has since been removed.
   Google Scholar
• Lisa FreemontStreet. 2010. “First Attempted ‘Grecian’ Hairstyle from the Book, ‘How to Handle Long Hair’~1950’s’.” YouTube Video. September 24, 2010, 6:49. The video has since been removed.
   Google Scholar
• Lisa FreemontStreet. 2013. “By Request: Easy Daytime Scarf Updo to Evening 1940’s Glamour!!” YouTube Video. May 1, 2013, 11:13. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Fzf2qW6CMM
   Google Scholar
• Lisa FreemontStreet. 2014. “My Favorite (Easy) Vintage Hairstyle.” YouTube Video. December 22, 2014, 2:38. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=AHvK4wE-Nmc
   Google Scholar
• Mad Men. 2007–2015. Created by Matthew Weiner. Los Angeles, CA: AMC/Lionsgate.
   Google Scholar
• Mahar, Karen Ward. 2006. Women Filmmakers in Early Hollywood. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• MariaAntoinetteTV. 2014. “Vintage up-Do—Natural Hairstyle Tutorial.” YouTube Video. April 23, 2014, 4:56. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7rXTWIyl3 k
   Google Scholar
• Martinez. 2012. “Pin up Girl Hair Tutorial.” YouTube Video. September 19, 2012, 6:39. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTmP8TMwDNY
   Google Scholar
• Mattelart, Michèle. 1986. Women, Media, and Crisis: Femininity and Disorder. London: Comedia.
   Google Scholar
• McFadden, Majella, Brendan Gough, and Katie Day. 2004. “Warning! Alcohol Can Seriously Damage Your Feminine Health.” Feminist Media Studies 4 (2): 165–183.
   Google Scholar
• McRobbie, Angela. 1997. “Bridging the Gap: Feminism, Fashion and Consumption.” Feminist Review 55: 73–89.10.1057/fr.1997.4
   Google Scholar
• McRobbie, Angela. 2008. The Aftermath of Feminism: Gender, Culture and Social Change. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Modleski, Tania. 1982. Loving with a Vengeance. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• MsTasiaAsia. 2014. “Easy and Fun Natural Pin up Hair Style.” YouTube Video. January 20, 2014, 2:40. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=PnVVJ8vUgZQ
   Google Scholar
• Nathanson, Elizabeth. 2013. Television and Postfeminist Housekeeping: No Time for Mother. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Nik Scott. 2012. “Natural Hair: 1940s Retro Vintage Protective Style!” YouTube Video. September 26, 2012, 3:36. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-Qo0n9wgyI
   Google Scholar
• OhHeyQueen. 2014. “Retro Pin up Rockabilly Style / 4 Natural Kinky Hair.” YouTube Video. October 28, 2014, 4:23. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEvzuIiHaK8
   Google Scholar
• Paoletti, Jo B. 2015. Sex and Unisex: Fashion, Feminism and the Sexual Revolution. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Peiss, Kathy. 2011. Hope in a Jar: The Making of America’s Beauty Culture. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.10.9783/9780812205749
   Google Scholar
• PinupDollAshleyMarie. 1987 [sic]. “About Page.” November 1. https://www.facebook.com/PinupDollAshleyMarieRosas/info/?entry_point=page_nav_about_item&tab=page_info
   Google Scholar
• PinupDollAshleyMarie. 2011. “Pinup Faux Bangs Vintage Inspired Old Version Look for New Tutorial.” YouTube Video. November 24, 2011, 13:34. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=SnVXpo_ZuuI&index=20&list=PL-clL2nmIlI-GX2Rl2rEUBJhUCIwkDbqI
   Google Scholar
• PinupDollAshleyMarie. 2014. “My Go to Pinup Hairstyle - Nasty to Classy.” YouTube Video. April 4, 2014, 6:38. https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=-1SKeAhgmm8
   Google Scholar
• PinupDollAshleyMarie. 2015a. “Modern Vintage Hair Tutorial.” YouTube Video. December 6, 2015, 11:58. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s79SenXeb7kPinUpDollAshleymArie
   Google Scholar
• PinupDollAshleyMarie. 2015b. “GRWM / Deadly Dame.” YouTube Video. April 13, 2015, 13:12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cof7G7I7JwI
   Google Scholar
• PinupDollAshleyMarie. 2016. “Pinup on a Budget Tutorial / Testing New Products W/ IHerb.” YouTube Video. June 10, 2016, 8:35. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVE9dNzCX1Y
   Google Scholar
• Ramírez, Catherine. 2009. The Woman in the Zoot Suit: Gender, Nationalism and the Cultural Politics of Memory. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ringrose, Jessica. 2011. “Are You Sexy, Flirty, or a Slut? Exploring ‘Sexualization’ and How Teen Girls Perform/ Negotiate Digital Sexual Identity on Social Networking Sites.” In New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism and Subjectivity, edited by Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff, 99–116. New York: Palgrave McMillan.10.1057/9780230294523
   Google Scholar
• Scott, Linda. 2005. Fresh Lipstick: Redressing Fashion and Feminism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Sherrow, Victoria. 2005. Encyclopedia of Hair: A Cultural History. Westport, CT: Harcourt.
   Google Scholar
• Simien, Evelyn M. 2011. Gender and Lynching: The Politics of Memory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9781137001221
   Google Scholar
• Skeggs, Beverley. 2005. “Exchange Value and Affect: Bourdieu and the Self.” In Feminism after Bourdieu, edited by Beverley Skeggs and Lisa Adkins, 75–97. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Tarrant, Shira, and Marjorie Jolles, eds. 2012. Fashion Talks: Undressing the Power of Style. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
   Google Scholar
• ThePinupNoire. 2011. “Retro Updo with Faux Bangs and Victory Rolls.” YouTube Video. October 27, 2011, 3:31. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEvBn4pEtXg
   Google Scholar
• ThePinupNoire. 2012. “Retro Hairstyles for Natural Hair.” Youtube Video. January 19, 2012, 3:01. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvdoAd6Akn4
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, Paul Richard, Luisa Passerini, and Selma Leydesdorff. 2009. Gender & Memory. New Brunswich, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Tiidenberg, Katrin. 2014. “Bringing Sexy Back: Reclaiming the Body Aesthetic via Selfshooting.” CyberPsychology 8 (1): doi:10.5817/CP2014-1-3. http://www.cyberpsychology.eu/view.php?cisloclanku=2014021701
   Google Scholar
• Tinkler, Penny, and Carolyn Jackson. 2007. “‘Ladettes’ and ‘Modern Girls’: ‘Troublesome’ Young Femininities.” The Sociological Review 55 (2): 251–272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toni Daley. 2013. “Retro Natural Hair Style #HOTD.” YouTube Video. November 21, 2013, 2:43. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0bJco1JTYI
   Google Scholar
• Whelehan, Imelda. 2000. Overloaded: Popular Culture and the Future of Feminism. Toronto: Women’s Press.
   Google Scholar
• White, Mimi. 1994. “Women, Memory, and Serial Melodrama.” Screen 35 (4): 336–353.10.1093/screen/35.4.336
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widding, Astrid Söderbergh, and Sofia Bull, eds. 2010. Not So Silent: Women in Cinema before Sound. Stockholm: Stockholms universitet.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, Linda. 1995. “Corporealized Observers: Visual Pornographies and the Carnal Density of Vision.” In Fugitive Images from Photography to Video, edited by Patrice Petro, 3–41. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Williamson, Judith. 2003. “Sexism with an Alibi.” The Guardian, May 31. https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/may/31/advertising.comment
   Google Scholar
• Wood, Helen, and Beverley Skeggs. 2012. Reacting to Reality Television: Performance, Audience, and Value. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• van Zoonen, Liesbet, Farida Vis, and Sabina Mihelj. 2011. “Women Responding to the Anti-Islam Film Fitna: Voice and Acts of Citizenship on YouTube.” Feminist Review 97 (1): 110–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Zoonen, Liesbet, Samira van Bohemen, and Stef Aupers. 2013. “Negotiating Gender through Fun and Play: Radical Femininity and Fantasy in the Red Hat Society.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 43 (5): 582–600.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar