Secret languages of sex: disabled youth’s experiences of sexual and HIV communication with their parents/caregivers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

References

• Buthelezi, T. 2006. “The One who has Eaten it, has only Eaten a Part: Exploring Traditional Zulu Premarital Sexual Practices.” Sexualities in Africa 3 (2): 3–5.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, C., and C. MacPhail. 2002. “Peer Education, Gender and the Development of Critical Consciousness: Participatory HIV Prevention by South African Youth.” Social Science & Medicine 55: 331–345.10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00289-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chappell, P. 2013. “Troubling the Socialisation of the Sexual Identities of Youth with Disabilities: Lessons for Sexuality and HIV Pedagogy.” In Sexuality, Society & Pedagogy, edited by Dennis Francis, 111–119. Bloemfontein: SunMedia.
   Google Scholar
• Chappell, P., P. Rule, M. Dlamini, and N. Nkala. 2014. “Troubling Power Dynamics: Youth with Disabilities as Co-researchers in Sexuality Research in South Africa.” Childhood 21 (3): 385–399.10.1177/0907568214525427
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen, P. H. 2004. “Children’s Participation in Ethnographic Research: Issues of Power and Representation.” Children & Society 18: 165–176.
   Google Scholar
• Coppock, V. 2010. “Children as Peer Researchers: Reflections on a Journey of Mutual Discovery.” Children & Society 25 (6): 435–446.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corker, M., and T. Shakespeare. 2002. “Mapping the Terrain.” In Disability/Postmodernity: Embodying Disability Theory, edited by M. Corker and T. Shakespeare, 1–17. London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Crowley, U., and R. Kitchin. 2008. “Producing ‘Decent Girls’: Governmentality and the Moral Geographies of Sexual Conduct in Ireland (1922–1937).” Gender, Place and Culture 15 (4): 355–372.10.1080/09663690802155553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Beaudrap, P., M. Mac-Seing, and E. Pasquier. 2014. “Disability and HIV: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis of the Risk of HIV Infection among Adults with Disabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa.” AIDS Care 26 (12): 1467–1476.10.1080/09540121.2014.936820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delius, P., and C. Glaser. 2002. “Sexual Socialisation in South Africa: A Historical Perspective.” African Studies 61 (1): 27–54.10.1080/00020180220140064
   Google Scholar
• De Reus, L., J. Hanass-Hancock, S. Henken, and W. van Brakel. 2015. “Challenges in Providing HIV and Sexuality Education to Learners with Disabilities in South Africa: The Voice of Educators.” Sex Education. 15 (4): 333–347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erlank, N. 2004. “Plain Clean Facts’ and Initiation Schools: Christianity, Africans and ‘Sex Education’ in South Africa, c. 1910–1940.” Agenda 62: 76–83.
   Google Scholar
• Foucault, M. 1978. The History of Sexuality Vol. 1: An Introduction. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Foucault, M. 1988. “Technologies of the Self.” In Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault, edited by L.H. Martin, H. Gutman, and P. Hutton, 16–59. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
   Google Scholar
• Francis, A. 2013. “Sexuality Education in South Africa.” In Sexuality, Society & Pedagogy, edited by Dennis Francis, 1–14. Bloemfontein: SunMedia.
   Google Scholar
• Gevers, A., R. Jewkes, and C. Mathews. 2013. “What do Young People think makes their Relationships Good? Factors Associated with Assessments of Dating Relationships in South Africa.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 15 (9): 1011–1025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodnight, B., C. Salama, E. C. Grim, E. R. Anthony, L. Armistead, S. L. Cook, D. Skinner, and Y. Toefy. 2014. “Perceived Control and Communication about Sex: A Study of South African Families.” African Journal of AIDS Research 13 (1): 31–36.10.2989/16085906.2014.892016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groce, N., P. Rohleder, A. Eide, M. MacLachlan, S. Mall, and L. Swartz. 2013. “HIV Issues and People with Disabilities: A Review and Agenda for Research.” Social Science & Medicine 77: 31–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanass-Hancock, J. 2009. “A Systematic Review of Literature on Disability and HIV and AIDS in Africa.” Journal of the International AIDS Society 12 (34): 1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Harrison, A. 2008. “Hidden Love: Sexual Ideologies and Relationship Ideals among Rural South African Adolescents in the Context of HIV/AIDS.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 10 (2): 175–189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnstone, C. 2004. “Disability and Identity: Personalized Constructions and Formalized Supports.” Disability Studies Quarterly 24 (4). http://dsqsds.org/article/view/880/1055/.
   Google Scholar
• Lesko, N. 2007. “Talking about Sex: The Discourses of Lovelife Peer Educators in South Africa.” International Journal of Inclusive Education 11 (4): 519–533.10.1080/13603110701391501
   Google Scholar
• Lubinga, E., M. Schulze, C. Jansen, and A. Maes. 2010. “HIV/AIDS Messages as a Spur for Conversation among Young South Africans?” African Journal of AIDS Research 9 (2): 175–185.10.2989/16085906.2010.517487
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maart, S., and J. Jelsma. 2010. “The Sexual Behaviour of Physically Disabled Adolescents.” Disability and Rehabilitation 32 (6): 438–443.10.3109/09638280902846368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markham, C. M., D. Lormand, K. M. Gloppen, M. F. Peskin, B. Flores, B. Low, and L. D. House. 2010. “Connectedness as a Predictor of Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes for Youth.” Journal of Adolescent Health 46 (3): S23–S41.10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.11.214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKenzie, J. 2013. “Disabled People in Rural South Africa Talk about Sexuality.” Culture, Health and Sexuality 15 (3): 372–386.10.1080/13691058.2012.748936
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milligan, M., and A. Neufeldt. 2001. “The Myth of Asexuality: A Survey of Social and Empirical Evidence.” Sexuality and Disability 19 (2): 91–109.10.1023/A:1010621705591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, C., S. Walsh, and J. Larkin. 2004. “Visualizing the Politics of Innocence in the Age of AIDS.” Sex Education 4 (1): 35–47.10.1080/1468181042000176524
   Google Scholar
• Morrell, R. 2003. “Silence, Sexuality and HIV/AIDS in South African Schools.” The Australian Educational Researcher 30 (1): 41–62.10.1007/BF03216780
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Namisi, F., L. Aaro, S. Kaaya, H. Onya, A. Wubbs, and C. Matthews. 2013. “Condom Use and Sexuality Communication with Adults: A Study among High School Students in South Africa and Tanzania.” BMC Public Health 13 (874): 1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paruk, Z., I. Petersen, A. Bhana, C. Bell, and M. McKay. 2005. “Containment and Contagion: How to Strengthen Families to Support Youth HIV Prevention in South Africa.” African Journal of AIDS Research 4 (1): 57–63.10.2989/16085900509490342
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Phetla, G., J. Busza, J. Hargreaves, P. Pronyk, J. Kim, L. Morison, C. Watts, and J. Porter. 2008. “They have Opened our Mouths”: Increasing Women’s Skills and Motivation for Sexual Communication with Young People in Rural South Africa.” AIDS Education and Prevention 20 (6): 504–518.10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posel, D. 2004. “Getting the Nation Talking about Sex: Reflections on the Discursive Constitution of Sexuality in South Africa Since 1994.” Agenda 18 (62): 53–63.
   Google Scholar
• Preston-Whyte, E. M. 2003. “Contexts of Vulnerability: Sex, Secrecy and HIV/AIDS.” African Journal of AIDS Research 2 (2): 85–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reid, G., and L. Walker. 2005. “Sex and Secrecy: A Focus on African Sexualities.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 7 (3): 185–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rembis, M. 2010. “Beyond the Binary: Rethinking the Social Model of Disabled Sexuality.” Sexuality and Disability 28: 51–60.10.1007/s11195-009-9133-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohleder, P., and L. Swartz. 2009. “Providing Sex Education to Persons with Learning Disabilities in the Era of HIV/AIDS: Tensions between Discourses of Human Rights and Restriction.” Journal of Health Psychology 14 (4): 601–610.10.1177/1359105309103579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, N., P. O'Malley, and M. Valverde. 2009. “Governmentality.” Available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1474131
   Google Scholar
• Rudwick, S. 2008. “Shifting Norms of Linguistic and Cultural Respect: Hybrid Sociolinguistic Zulu Identities.” Nordic Journal of African Studies 17 (2): 152–174.
   Google Scholar
• Sait, W., T. Lorenzo, M. Steyn, and V. Zyl. 2011. “Sexuality, Gender and Disability in South Africa.” In African Sexualities: A Reader, edited by Sylvia Tamale, 502–520. Cape Town: Pambazuka Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shisana, O., T. Rehle, L. C. Simbayi, K. Zuma, S. Jooste, N. Zungu, D. Labadarios, D. Onoya, A. Davids, and N. Wabiri. 2014. South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey, 2012. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Soon, C., A. Kaida, B. Nkala, J. Dietrich, A. Cescon, G. Gray and C. Miller. 2013. “Adolescent Experiences of HIV and Sexual Health Communication with Parents and Caregivers in Soweto, South Africa.” SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 10 (3–4): 163–169.10.1080/17290376.2014.902769
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics South Africa. 2012. Census 2011 Municipal Report – KwaZulu-Natal. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics South Africa. 2014. Census 2011: Profile of Persons with Disabilities. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. 2009. International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education: An Evidence-informed Approach for Schools, Teachers and Health Educators (Vol. 1: The Rationale for Sexuality Education). Paris: UNESCO.
   Google Scholar
• Wazakili, M., R. Mpofu, and P. Devlieger. 2006. “Experiences and Perceptions of Sexuality and HIV/AIDS among Young People with Physical Disabilities in a South African Township: A Case Study.” Sexuality and Disability 24: 77–88.10.1007/s11195-006-9006-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. 2002. “Defining Sexual Health: Report of a Technical Consultation on Sexual health.” Geneva. Accessed January 28–31, 2002. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/sexual_health/defining_sexual_health.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Wilbraham, L. 2008. “Parental Communication with Children about Sex in the South African HIV Epidemic: Raced, Classed and Cultural Appropriations of Lovelines.” African Journal of AIDS Research 7 (1): 95–109.10.2989/AJAR.2008.7.1.10.438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zisser, A., and D. Francis. 2006. “Youth have a New Attitude on AIDS, but are they Talking about it?” African Journal of AIDS Research 5 (2): 189–196.10.2989/16085900609490379
   PubMedGoogle Scholar