Distributional choices in EU climate policy: 20 years of policy practice

References

• Ashton , J. and Wang , X. 2003 . “ Equity and climate: In principle and practice ” . In Beyond Kyoto: Advancing the international effort against climate change , Edited by: Aldy , J. , Ashton , J. , Baron , R. , Bodansky , D. , Charnovitz , S. , Diringer , E. , Heller , T. C. , Pershing , J. , Shukla , P. R. , Tubiana , L. , Tudela , F. and Wang , X. 61 – 85 . Arlington, VA : Pew Center on Global Climate Change .
   Google Scholar
• Barrett , S. 2003 . Environment and statecraft: The strategy of environmental treaty-making , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Betz , R. , Rogge , K. and Schleich , J. 2006 . EU emissions trading: An early analysis of national allocation plans for 2008–2012 . Climate Policy , 6 ( 4 ) : 361 – 394 . (doi:10.3763/cpol.2006.0625)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatti , Y. , Lindskow , K. and Pederson , L. H. 2010 . Burden-sharing and global climate negotiations: The case of the Kyoto Protocol . Climate Policy , 10 ( 2 ) : 131 – 147 . (doi:10.3763/cpol.2008.0596)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blok, K., Phylipsen, G. J. M., & Bode, J. W. (1997, January). The triptych approach; burden sharing differentiation of CO2 emissions reduction among EU member states. Discussion paper for informal workshop, European Union Ad Hoc Group on Climate, Zeist, Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Bodansky , D. 2012 . The Durban platform negotiations: Goals and options (Viewpoint) , Cambridge, MA : Harvard Project on Climate Agreements . Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=2102994
   Google Scholar
• Capros, P., Mantzos, L., Papandreou, V., & Tasios, N. (2008). Model-based analysis of the 2008 EU Policy Package on climate change and renewables (Report to DG ENV). Athens: E3MLab/National Technical University of Athens.
   Google Scholar
• CEC. (2006). Communication from the Commission to the Council and to the European Parliament on the assessment of National Allocation Plans for the allocation of greenhouse gas emission allowances in the second period of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, COM(2006) 725 final. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities.
   Google Scholar
• CEC. (2008). Impact assessment document accompanying the package of implementation measures for the EU's objectives on climate change and renewable energy for 2020 (Commission Staff Working Document), SEC(2008) 85/3. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities.
   Google Scholar
• CFI. (2009). Republic of Estonia v Commission of the European Communities, Case T-263/07. Judgment of the Court of First Instance (Seventh Chamber) of 23 September 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Clo , S. 2009 . The effectiveness of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme . Climate Policy , 9 ( 3 ) : 227 – 241 . (doi:10.3763/cpol.2008.0518)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Community Independent Transaction Log (CITL). Annual verified emissions. Retrieved 2012, from http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ets/
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , S. and Grubb , M. 2011 . Revenue dimensions of the EU ETS phase III , Cambridge : Climate Strategies .
   Google Scholar
• Council of the EU. (2002). Council Decision of 25 April 2002 concerning the approval, on behalf of the European Community, of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments there under, 2002/358/CE. Official Journal of the European Union, L. 130, 1–3.
   Google Scholar
• Council of the EU. (2007). Presidency conclusions – Brussels, 8–9 March 2007, 7224/1/07 REV 1. Brussels.
   Google Scholar
• de Cendra de Larragán , J. 2010 . Distributional choices in EU climate change law and policy: towards a principled approach , Rijnland in Leiden : Kluwer Law International .
   Google Scholar
• EC. (2011). Climate change (Special Eurobarometer 372). Brussels: European Commission.
   Google Scholar
• EEA. (2007). Annual European Community greenhouse gas inventory 1990–2005 and inventory report 2007. Copenhagen: European Environment Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Ellison , D. 2006 . Weighting the politics of the environment in the New Europe (Working Paper No. 169). Budapest: Institute for World Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament and the Council of the EU. (2003). Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC. Official Journal of the European Union, L. 275, 32–46.
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament and the Council of the EU. (2009a). Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community. Official Journal of the European Union, I. 140, 63–87.
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament and the Council of the EU. (2009b). Decision No. 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the effort of Member States to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Community's greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments up to 2020. Official Journal of the European Union, I. 140, 136–148.
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament and the Council of the EU. (2009c). Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC. Official Journal of the European Union, L. 140, 16–62.
   Google Scholar
• Haug , C. and Jordan , A. 2010 . “ Burden sharing: Distributing burdens or sharing efforts ” . In Climate policy in the European Union , Edited by: Jordan , A. , Huitema , D. , van Asselt , H. , Rayner , T. and Berkhout , F. 83 – 103 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Heyward , M. 2007 . Equity and international climate change negotiations: A matter of perspective . Climate Policy , 7 ( 6 ) : 518 – 534 . (doi:10.3763/cpol.2007.0731)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huberty, M. (2011). Green growth as necessity and liability: The political economy of a low-carbon energy systems transformation in the European Union (Working Paper No. 200). Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy, University of California.
   Google Scholar
• Phylipsen , G. J. M. , Bode , J. W. , Blok , K. , Merkus , H. and Metz , B. 1998 . A triptych sectoral approach to burden differentiation; GHG emissions in the European bubble . Energy Policy , 26 ( 12 ) : 929 – 943 . (doi:10.1016/S0301-4215(98)00036-6)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringius, L. (1999). Differentiation, leaders, and fairness: Negotiating climate commitments in the European Community. International Negotiation, 4, 133–166.
   Google Scholar
• Soltau , F. 2011 . Fairness in international climate change law and policy , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stripple , J. , Rayner , T. , Hildingsson , R. , Jordan , A. and Haug , C. 2010 . “ Governance choices and dilemmas in a warmer Europe: what does the future hold? ” . In Climate policy in the European Union , Edited by: Jordan , A. , Huitema , D. , van Asselt , H. , Rayner , T. and Berkhout , F. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tol , R. 2009 . Intra- and extra-union flexibility in meeting the European Union's emission reduction targets . Energy Policy , 37 ( 11 ) : 4329 – 4336 . (doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2009.05.048)
   Google Scholar
• Ürge-Vorsatz , D. , Miladinova , G. and Paizs , L. 2006 . Energy in transition: From the iron curtain to the European Union . Energy Policy , 34 ( 15 ) : 2279 – 2297 . (doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2005.03.007)
   Google Scholar