Cost-effective decarbonization in the EU: an overview of policy suitability

References

• Advani, A., Bassi, S., Bowen, A., Fankhauser, S., Johnson, P., Leicester, A., & Stoye, G. (2013). Energy use policies and carbon pricing in the UK. London: Institute for Fiscal Studies.
   Google Scholar
• AEA. (2011). Report on the implementation of directive 1999/94/EC relating to the availability of consumer information on fuel economy and CO2 emissions in respect of the marketing of new passenger cars (Online). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/labelling/docs/final_report_2012_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Agnolucci, P., & Drummond, P. (2014). The effect of key EU climate policies on the EU power sector: An analysis of the EU ETS, renewable electricity and renewable energy directives. London: University College London.
   Google Scholar
• Alishahi, E., Parsa Moghaddam, M., & Sheikh-El-Eslami, M. K. (2012). A system dynamics approach for investigating impacts of incentive mechanism on wind power investment. Renewable Energy, 37, 310–317. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.06.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bel, G., & Joseph, S. (2015). Emission abatement: Untangling the impacts of the EU ETS and the economic crisis. Energy Economics, 49, 531–539. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.03.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BPIE (2015). Nearly-zero energy buildings: Definitions across Europe – factsheet (Online). Retrieved August 3, 2015, from http://bpie.eu/uploads/lib/document/attachment/132/BPIE_factsheet_nZEB_definitions_across_Europe.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Branger, P., & Quirion, P. (2013). Understanding the impacts and limitations of the current instrument mix in detail: Industrial sector. Paris: Centre International de Recherche sur L’Environment et le Developpment.
   Google Scholar
• Butler, L., & Neuhoff, K. (2008). Comparison of feed-in tariff, quota and auction mechanisms to support wind power development. Renewable Energy, 33, 1845–1867. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2007.10.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbon Market Watch. (2015, October). Carbon leakage myth buster: Carbon market watch policy Briefing. Brussels: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Codagnone, C., Bogliacino, F., Veltri, G. (2013) Testing CO2/car labelling options and consumer information (Online). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/labelling/docs/report_car_labelling_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Copenhagen Economics (2010) Taxation papers – Company car taxation (Working paper no. 22). Copenhagen Economics.
   Google Scholar
• DECC (Department of Energy and Climate Change). (2012). Electricity generation costs. London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• DECC (Department of Energy and Climate Change). (2013). Electricity generation costs (December 2013). London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• DECC (Department of Energy and Climate Change). (2015). The UK’s position on Phase IV of EU ETS. London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Drummond, P. (2014). Scenarios for a low-carbon Europe for 2050: Discussion of results from the ETM-UCL model, EXIOBASE input-output model and the GINFORS model. London: University College London.
   Google Scholar
• Drummond, P. (2015). Policies to deliver a low-carbon energy system in Europe. London: University College London.
   Google Scholar
• Ecofys. (2014). Overview of member states information on NZEBs: Working version of the progress report – final report. Germany: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Economidou, M., Atanasiu, B., Despret, C., Maio, J., Nolte, I., & Rapf, O. (2011) Europe’s buildings under the microscope – A country by country review of the energy performance of buildings (Online). Retrieved July 28, 2015, from http://www.bpie.eu/uploads/lib/document/attachment/20/HR_EU_B_under_microscope_study.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EEA (European Environment Agency). (2012). Monitoring CO2 emissions from new passenger cars in the EU: Summary of data for 2012. Copenhagen: Author.
   Google Scholar
• EEA (European Environment Agency). (2015a). Trends and projections in the EU ETS in 2015 (EEA technical report no 14/2015). Copenhagen: Author.
   Google Scholar
• EEA (European Environment Agency). (2015b). Monitoring CO2 emissions from new passenger cars and vans in 2014 (EEA technical report no 16/2015). Copenhagen: Author.
   Google Scholar
• EEA (European Environment Agency). (2015c). Passenger transport demand (Online). Retrieved August 13, 2016, from http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/passenger-transport-demand-version-2/assessment-4
   Google Scholar
• EEA (European Environment Agency). (2016a) Reported CO2 emissions from new cars continues to fall (Online). Retrieved April 26, 2016, from http://www.eea.europa.eu/highlights/reported-co2-emissions-from-new
   Google Scholar
• EEA (European Environment Agency). (2016b). Renewable energy in Europe 2016: Recent growth and knock-on effects (EEA report no 4/2016). Copenhagen: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Eichhammer, W., & Rohde, C. (2016). Enhancing the impact of energy audits and energy management in the EU: A review of Article 8 of the energy efficiency directive. Stockholm: European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy.
   Google Scholar
• van Essen, H., Nelissen, D., Smit, M., van Grinsven, A., Aarnink, S., Breemersch, T., … Harmsen, J. (2012). An inventory of measures for internalising external costs in transport. Report for European Commission Directorate General for Mobility and Transport.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2011a). Communication from the commission to the European Parliament, The Council and the European Economic and Social Committee – Smarter energy taxation for the EU: Proposal for a revision of the energy taxation directive. COM(2011) 168/3. Brussels: Author.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2011b). Impact assessment accompanying the document: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, The Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – Energy roadmap 2050 (SEC (2011) 1565). Brussels: Author.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2012). Energy roadmap 2050. Luxembourg: Author.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2013). Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – Renewable energy progress report. Brussels: Author.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2014a). Guidelines on state aid for environmental protection and energy 2014–2020. COM(2014) 2014/C.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2014b). Impact assessment accompanying the document proposal for a decision of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the establishment and operation of a market stability reserve for the Union greenhouse gas emission trading scheme and amending directive 2003/87/EC, SWD(2014) 17 final.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2015). Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – Renewable Energy Progress Report. Brussels: Author.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2016). Structural reform of the EU ETS (Online). Retrieved August 2, 2016, from http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/ets/reform/index_en.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Forster, D., Kaar, A.-L., Rosenow, J., Leguijt, C., & Pato, Z. (2016). Study evaluating progress in the implementation of Article 7 of the energy efficiency directive. Brussels: European Commission.
   Google Scholar
• Gartner, A. (2005) Study on the effectiveness of directive 1999/94/EC relating to the availability of consumer information on fuel economy and CO2 emissions in respect of the marketing of new passenger cars (Online). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/transport/vehicles/labelling/docs/final_report_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gynther, L., Lapillonne, B., & Pollier, K. (2015). Energy efficiency trends and policies in the household and tertiary sectors: An analysis based on the ODYSSEE and MURE databases (Online). Retrieved August 1, 2016, from http://www.odyssee-mure.eu/publications
   Google Scholar
• Heinzle, S. L., & Wüstenhagen, R. (2012). Dynamic adjustment of eco-labeling schemes and consumer choice – The revision of the EU energy label as a missed opportunity? Business Strategy and the Environment, 21(1), 60–70. doi: 10.1002/bse.722
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ICCT (International Council on Clean Transportation). (2015). Real-world fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions of new passenger cars in Europe. Brussels: Author.
   Google Scholar
• IEA. (2012). Energy technology perspectives 2012: Pathways to a clean energy system. Paris: IEA/OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Joskow, P. (2013). Symposium on ‘capacity markets’. Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy, 2(2), V–VI.
   Google Scholar
• Kampman, B., Sina, S., Lucha, C., Cesbron, S., Pato, Z., & Flörcken, O. (2015). Mid-term evaluation of the renewable energy directive: A study in context of the REFIT programme. Delft: CE Delft.
   Google Scholar
• Kemna, R. (2014). Ecodesign impact accounting: Part 1. Delft: WHK.
   Google Scholar
• Lapillonne, B., Pollier, K., & Sebi, C. (n.d.) Energy efficiency trends in the EU: Lessons from the ODYSSEE-MURE project (Online). Retrieved August 1, 2016, from https://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/projects/sites/iee-projects/files/projects/documents/overall-indicator-brochure.pdf
   Google Scholar
• LE & Ipsos. (2014) Study on the impact of the energy label – and potential changes to it – on consumer understanding and on purchase decisions (No. ENER/C3/2013-428 final report). London.
   Google Scholar
• Maca, V., Eberle, A., Kohlova, M. B., Gorlach, B., Ridgeway, M., Pearson, A., … Scasny, M. (2013). Climate policies and the transport sector: Analysis of policy instruments, their interactions, barriers and constraints, and resulting effects on consumer behaviour. Prague: Charles University Environment Centre.
   Google Scholar
• McKinsey & Co. (2009). Roads toward a low-carbon future: Reducing CO₂ emissions from passenger vehicles in the global road transportation system. New York City: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer, B., Meyer, M., & Diestelkamp, M. (2014). Macroeconomic routes to 2050. Osnabrück: Gesellschaft für Wirtschaftliche Strukturforschung.
   Google Scholar
• Neuhoff, K., Acworth, W., Ancygier, A., Branger, F., Christmas, I., Haussner, M., … Schopp, A. (2014). Carbon control and competitiveness post 2020: The steel report. Climate Strategies.
   Google Scholar
• Neuhoff, K., Acworth, W., Betz, R., Burtraw, D., Cludius, J., Fell, H., … Trotignon, R. (2015). Is a market stability reserve likely to improve the functioning of the EU ETS? Evidence from a model comparison exercise. London: Climate Strategies.
   Google Scholar
• Neuhoff, K., Vanderborght, B., Ancygier, A., Atasoy, A. T., Haussner, M., Ismer, R., … Schopp, A. (2014). Carbon control and competitiveness post 2020: The cement report. London: Climate Strategies.
   Google Scholar
• Nijland, H., Mayeres, I., Manders, T., Michiels, H., Koetse, M., & Gerlagh, R. (2012). Use and effectiveness of economic instruments in the decarbonisation of passenger cars (ETC/ACM technical paper 2012/11). Bilthoven: RIVM.
   Google Scholar
• Pan, W., & Garmston, H. (2012). Compliance with building energy regulations for new-build dwellings. Energy, 48(1), 11–12. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Point Carbon (2015) Carbon market analyst 2030 EU carbon price forecast: What’s next for the EU ETS (Online). Retrieved August 4, 2016, from http://trmcs-documents.s3.amazonaws.com/f04056bbf36d51acaba751686d55e166_20150526024126_CARBON%20MARKET%20ANALYST%20REPORT.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Rosenow, J., & Galvin, R. (2013). Evaluating the evaluations: Evidence from energy efficiency programmes in Germany and the UK. Energy and Buildings, 62, 450–458. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.03.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenow, J., Leguijt, C., Pato, Z., Eyre, N., & Fawcett, T. (2016). An ex-ante evaluation of the EU energy efficiency directive – Article 7. Economics of Energy and Environmental Policy, 5(2), 45–63. doi: 10.5547/2160-5890.5.2.jros
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šajn, N. (2016). Energy efficiency of buildings – A nearly zero-energy future? Brussels: European Parliament Briefing.
   Google Scholar
• Solano Rodriguez, B., Drummond, P., & Ekins, P. (2017). Decarbonizing the EU energy system by 2050: An important role for BECCS. Climate Policy, 17(S1), S93–S110. doi:10.1080/14693062.2016.1242058
   Google Scholar
• Waide, P., & Watson, R. (2013). Energy labelling: The new European energy label: Assessing consumer comprehension an effectiveness as a market transformation tool (Online). Retrieved from http://www.clasponline.org/Resources/Resources/StandardsLabelingResourceLibrary/2013/~/media/Files/SLDocuments/2013/2013_05_EU-Energy-Labelling-Comprehension-Study.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Zane, E. B., Brückmann, R., & Bauknecht, D. (2012). Integration of electricity from renewables to the electricity grid - RES-INTEGRATION. Berlin: Eclaron GmBH.
   Google Scholar