Responding to the climate emergency: how are UK universities establishing sustainable workplace routines for flying and food?

References

• Ackers, L., (2008) Internationalisation, mobility and metrics: A new form of indirect discrimination? Minerva, 46, 411–435.
   Google Scholar
• AECOM. (2014). University of Cambridge footprinting and analysis of scope 3 emissions element 1: final report. Report prepared by AECOM for the University of Cambridge.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, K., Broderick, J. F., & Stoddard, I. (2020). A factor of two: How the mitigation plans of “climate progressive” nations fall far short of Paris-compliant pathways. Climate Policy, 20(10), 1290–1304. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1728209
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BEIS, (Department of Business Energy & Industrial Strategy). (2019). UK Government GHG conversion factors for company reporting: Conversion factors 2019: condensed set (for most users). https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2019
   Google Scholar
• Berners-Lee, M., Hoolohan, C., Cammack, H., & Hewitt, C. N. N. (2012). The relative greenhouse gas impacts of realistic dietary choices. Energy Policy, 43, 184–190. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boston, J., & Lempp, F. (2011). Climate change: Explaining and solving the mismatch between scientific urgency and political inertia. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 24(8), 1000–1012. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/09513571111184733
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bristol City Council. (2019). Climate emergency – The Mayor’s response: Bristol City council full council minutes 16th July 2019.
   Google Scholar
• CCC, (Climate Change Committee). (2019). Net zero: The UK’s contribution to stopping global warming. Climate Change Committee.
   Google Scholar
• Cerutti, A. K., Ardente, F., Contu, S., Donno, D., & Beccaro, G. L. (2018). Modelling, assessing, and ranking public procurement options for a climate-friendly catering service. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 95–115. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-017-1306-y
   Google Scholar
• Cleveland, D. A., & Jay, J. A. (2020). Integrating climate and food policies in higher education: A case study of the University of California. Climate Policy, 0(0), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1787939
   Google Scholar
• Climate Emergency Declaration. (2019). European Union declares a climate emergency [online]. Retrieved November 3, 2020. https://climateemergencydeclaration.org/european-union-declares-a-climate-emergency/
   Google Scholar
• du Pont, Y. R., & Meinshausen, M. (2018). Warming assessment of the bottom-up Paris Agreement emissions pledges. Nature Communications, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02088-w
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• EAUC. (2018). Scope 3 methodology. Report prepared by AUDE and ARUP for EAUC.
   Google Scholar
• Garnett, E. E., Balmford, A., Sandbrook, C., Pilling, M. A., & Marteau, T. M. (2019). Impact of increasing vegetarian availability on meal selection and sales in cafeterias. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(42), 20923–20929. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907207116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GCU, (Glasgow Caledonian University). (2015). Sustainable travel plan.
   Google Scholar
• Glover, A., Lewis, T., & Strengers, Y. (2019). Overcoming remoteness: The necessity of air travel in Australian universities. Australian Geographer, 50(4), 453–471. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2019.1682319
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glover, A., Strengers, Y., & Lewis, T. (2017). The unsustainability of academic aeromobility in Australian universities. Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy, 13(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2017.1388620
   Google Scholar
• Graver, B., Zhang, K., & Rutherford, D. (2019). CO2 emissions from commercial aviation, 2018. Working Paper published by the International Council on Clean Transportation.
   Google Scholar
• Gu, Y., Wang, H., Xu, J., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Robinson, Z. P., Li, F., Wu, J., Tan, J., & Zhi, X. (2019). Quantification of interlinked environmental footprints on a sustainable university campus: A nexus analysis perspective. Applied Energy, 246(March), 65–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.015
   Google Scholar
• Hargreaves, T. (2011). Practice-ing behaviour change: Applying social practice theory to pro-environmental behaviour change. Journal of Consumer Culture, 11(1), 79–99. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540510390500
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HEFCE, H.E.F.C. for E. (2012a). Measuring scope 3 carbon emissions – Supply-chain (procurement). Unpublished. Report to HEFCE on sector emissions by Arup, CenSA and De Montfort University. https://www.eauc.org.uk/measuring_scope_3_carbon_emissions
   Google Scholar
• HEFCE, H.E.F.C. for E. (2012b). Measuring scope 3 carbon emissions – Water and waste. Report to HEFCE by Arup and De Montfort University. https://www.eauc.org.uk/measuring_scope_3_carbon_emissions
   Google Scholar
• HEFCE, H.E.F.C. for E. (2012c). Measuring scope 3 carbon emissions – transport. Report to HEFCE by JMP Consultants Ltd. https://www.eauc.org.uk/measuring_scope_3_carbon_emissions
   Google Scholar
• HESA. (2020a). HE student enrolments by HE provider: Academic year 2018/19. Data published by Higher Education Statistics Agency.
   Google Scholar
• HESA. (2020b). Table 7 – Income analysed by source: Academic year 2018/19 DT031. Higher Education Statistics Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Higham, J., & Font, X. (2020). Decarbonising academia: Confronting our climate hypocrisy. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1695132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higham, J. E. S., Hopkins, D., & Orchiston, C. (2019). The work-sociology of academic aeromobility at remote institutions. Mobilities, 14(5), 612–631. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2019.1589727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HM Government. (2019). The climate change act 2008 (2050 Target Amendment) Order 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Hoolohan, C., Berners-Lee, M., McKinstry-West, J., & Hewitt, C. N. N. (2013). Mitigating the greenhouse gas emissions embodied in food through realistic consumer choices. Energy Policy, 63, 1065–1074. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.09.046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoolohan, C., McLachlan, C., & Mander, S. (2016). Trends and drivers of end-use energy demand and the implications for managing energy in food supply chains: Synthesising insights from the social sciences. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 8(February), 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2016.06.002
   Google Scholar
• Hopkins, D., Higham, J., Orchiston, C., & Duncan, T. (2019). Practising academic mobilities: Bodies, networks and institutional rhythms. Geographical Journal, 185(4), 472–484. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IPCC, (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2018). Special report: Global warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report. https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, T. (2019). 2050 is too late – We must drastically cut emissions much sooner. The Conversation.
   Google Scholar
• Jungbluth, N., Keller, R., & König, A. (2016). ONE TWO WE – Life cycle management in canteens together with suppliers, customers and guests. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21(5), 646–653. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-015-0982-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KCL, (Kings College London). (2019). Environmental sustainability report 2018–19.
   Google Scholar
• Kernohan, D. (2020). Too big to fail? A request for government support for providers following Covid-19 10 April 2020. WonkHE.
   Google Scholar
• Larkin, A., Hoolohan, C., & Mclachlan, C. (2020). Embracing context and complexity to address environmental challenges in the water-energy-food nexus. Futures, 123(August), 102612. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2020.102612
   Google Scholar
• Larkin, A., Kuriakose, J., Sharmina, M., & Anderson, K. (2018). What if negative emission technologies fail at scale? Implications of the Paris Agreement for big emitting nations. Climate Policy, 18(6), 690–714. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2017.1346498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Quéré, C., Capstick, S., Corner, A., Johnson, M., Minns, A., Schroeder, H., Springett, K. W., Whitmarsh, L., & Wood, R. (2015). Towards a culture of low-carbon research for the 21st century.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall, D. W., & Anderson, A. S. (2002). Proper meals in transition: Young married couples on the nature of eating together. Appetite, 39(3), 193–206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.2002.0507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maslin, M., & Lewis, S. (2019). We’ve declared a climate emergency – Here’s what universal basic income could do to help the planet. The Conversation.
   Google Scholar
• MMU, (Manchester Metropolitan University). (2019). Scope 3 emissions report addendum to the carbon and energy investment plan 2015. MMU Environmental Strategy Board.
   Google Scholar
• Neuman, N., Mylan, J., & Paddock, J. (2020). Exploring (non-)meat eating and “translated cuisines” out of home: Evidence from three English cities. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 44(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12542
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NTU, (Nottingham Trent University). (2018). Scope 3 carbon emissions report 2017/18, 3–6.
   Google Scholar
• Nursey-Bray, M., Palmer, R., Meyer-Mclean, B., Wanner, T., & Birzer, C. (2019). The fear of not flying: Achieving sustainable academic plane travel in higher education based on insights from South Australia. Sustainability, 11(9), 2694–2716.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NUS, (National Union of Students). (2019). Student opinion | climate change.
   Google Scholar
• OfS, (Office for Students). (2020). Reducing higher education carbon emissions, (1), 1–17.
   Google Scholar
• O’Neill, K. J., Clear, A. K., Friday, A., & Hazas, M. (2019). ‘Fractures’ in food practices: Exploring transitions towards sustainable food. Agriculture and Human Values, 36, 225–239. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-019-09913-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborne, J. L., Hoggett, R., F, S., McCann, H., Mucklow, P., Nowell, C., Seaman, A., Fletcher, P., Sanders, T., Davies, G., Huke, A., Richards, A., Lenton, T., Moebius, W., Devine-Wright, P., Barr, S., Cox, P., Cochrane, R., Boehm, S., … Whyte, J. (2019). University of Exeter: Environment and climate emergency working group white paper. An independent review commissioned by the Vice Chancellor’s Executive Group.
   Google Scholar
• Ozawa-Meida, L., Brockway, P., Letten, K., Davies, J., & Fleming, P. (2013). Measuring carbon performance in a UK University through a consumption-based carbon footprint: De Montfort University case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 56, 185–198. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.09.028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• People & Planet. (2019). Methodology: Managing scope 3 emissions [online]. Retrieved January 13, 2021. https://peopleandplanet.org/resources-training/people-planet-university-league/methodology/5-managing-carbon
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, O., Kemp, S., & Williams, I. (2015). Carbon management at universities: A reality check. Journal of Cleaner Production, 106(2015), 109–118. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.095
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, O. J., Tewkesbury, A., Kemp, S., & Williams, I. D. (2018). Towards a universal carbon footprint standard: A case study of carbon management at universities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 4435–4455. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.147
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrems, I., & Upham, P. (2020). Cognitive dissonance in sustainability scientists regarding air travel for academic purposes: A qualitative study. Sustainability, 12(5), 1837. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051837
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storme, T., Faulconbridge, J. R., Beaverstock, J. V., Derudder, B., Witlox, F., Faulconbridge, J. R., Beaverstock, J. V., Derudder, B., & Witlox, F. (2017). Mobility and professional networks in academia: An exploration of the obligations of presence. Mobilities, 12(3), 405–424. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2015.1116884
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Süßbauer, E., & Schäfer, M. (2019). Corporate strategies for greening the workplace: Findings from sustainability-oriented companies in Germany. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 564–577. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• THE, (Times Higher Education). (2019). Universities must act swiftly and independently on climate change.
   Google Scholar
• Twine, R. (2017). A practice theory framework for understanding vegan transition. Animal Studies Journal, 6(2), 192–224. https://ro.uow.edu.au/asj/vol6/iss2/12
   Google Scholar
• Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. (2014). Tyndall travel strategy.
   Google Scholar
• UK CEN, (UK Climate Emergency Network). (2019a). University of Bristol declares a climate emergency [online]. Retrieved November 3, 2020. https://www.climateemergency.uk/blog/bristol-university/
   Google Scholar
• UK CEN, (UK Climate Emergency Network). (2019b). Universities [online]. Retrieved November 3, 2020. https://www.climateemergency.uk/universities/
   Google Scholar
• UK CEN, (UK Climate Emergency Network). (2020). List of Councils who have declared a climate emergency [online]. Retrieved November 3, 2020. https://www.climateemergency.uk/blog/list-of-councils/
   Google Scholar
• UNFCCC, (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). (2015). Adoption of the Paris agreement. UNFCCC.
   Google Scholar
• UoC, (University of Cambridge). (2018). Our sustainable food journey. A report by University of Cambridge. https://www.environment.admin.cam.ac.uk/files/uoc_sustainable_food_journey_report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• UoE, (The University of Edinburgh). (2016a). Zero by 2040: Climate strategy 2016–2026. https://www.ed.ac.uk/sustainability
   Google Scholar
• UoE, (The University of Edinburgh). (2016b). Zero by 2040: Climate strategy 2016–2026 technical summary. https://www.ed.ac.uk/sustainability
   Google Scholar
• Welch, D. (2020). Consumption and teleoaffective formations: Consumer culture and commercial communications. Journal of Consumer Culture, 20(1), 61–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540517729008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welch, D., & Southerton, D. (2019). After Paris: Transitions for sustainable consumption. Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy, 15(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2018.1560861
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitmarsh, L., Capstick, S., Moore, I., Jana, K., & Qu, C. (2020). Use of aviation by climate change researchers: Structural influences, personal attitudes, and information provision. Global Environmental Change, 65, 102184. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102184
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willett, W., Rockström, J., Loken, B., Springmann, M., Lang, T., Vermeulen, S., Garnett, T., Tilman, D., DeClerck, F., Wood, A., Jonell, M., Clark, M., Gordon, L. J., Fanzo, J., Hawkes, C., Zurayk, R., Rivera, J. A., De Vries, W., Majele Sibanda, L., … Murray, C. J. L. (2019). Food in the Anthropocene: The EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. The Lancet, 393(10170), 447–492. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31788-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WRI/WBCSD, W.R.I. and W.B.C. for S.D. (2011). Greenhouse gas protocol: Corporate value chain (scope 3) accounting and reporting standard supplement to the GHG protocol corporate accounting and reporting standard. The Greenhouse Gas Protocol Initiative, U.S.A. and Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• Wynes, S., Donner, S. D., Tannason, S., & Nabors, N. (2019). Academic air travel has a limited influence on professional success. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 959–967. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.109
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar