References
- Barrett, J., Pye, S., Betts-Davies, S., Broad, O., Price, J., Eyre, N., Anable, J., Brand, C., Bennett, G., Carr-Whitworth, R., Garvey, A., Giesekam, J., Marsden, G., Norman, J., Oreszczyn, T., Ruyssevelt, P., & Scott, K. (2022). Energy demand reduction options for meeting national zero-emission targets in the United Kingdom. Nature Energy, 7(8), 726–735. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-022-01057-y
- Bataille, C., Waisman, H., Briand, Y., Svensson, J., Vogt-Schilb, A., Jaramillo, M., Delgado, R., Arguello, R., Clarke, L., Wild, T., Lallana, F., Bravo, G., Nadal, G., Le Treut, G., Godinez, G., Quiros-Tortos, J., Pereira, E., Howells, M., Buira, D., … Imperio, M. (2020). Net-zero deep decarbonization pathways in Latin America: Challenges and opportunities. Energy Strategy Reviews, 30, Article 100510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100510
- Bataille, C., Waisman, H., Colombier, M., Segafredo, L., & Williams, J. (2016a). The deep decarbonization pathways project (DDPP): insights and emerging issues. Climate Policy, 16(sup1), S1–S6. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2016.1179620
- Bataille, C., Waisman, H., Colombier, M., Segafredo, L., Williams, J., & Jotzo, F. (2016b). The need for national deep decarbonization pathways for effective climate policy. Climate Policy, 16(sup1), S7–S26. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2016.1173005
- Bergk, F., Biemann K., Heidt C., Knörr W., Lambrecht U., Schmidt T. (2016). Klimaschutzbeitrag des Verkehrs bis 2050. Umweltbundesamt. https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/1410/publikationen/texte_56_2016_klimaschutzbeitrag_des_verkehrs_2050_getagged.pdf
- BNEF. (2019, March 5). A behind the scenes take on lithium-ion battery prices. Bloomberg New Energy Finance, Blogpost.
- BNEF. (2021). Zero-emission vehicles factbook. A Bloomberg New Energy Finance special report prepared for COP26. November 10, 2021. https://assets.bbhub.io/professional/sites/24/BNEF-Zero-Emission-Vehicles-Factbook_FINAL.pdf
- Boer, R., Siagian, U., Dewi, R. G., Rossita, A., Anggraeni, L., & Immanuel, G. S. (2021). Policy lessons on deep decarbonization in large emerging economies, Indonesia. Deep Decarbonization Pathways (DDP) Initiative-IDDRI. Paris. https://ddpinitiative.org/wp-content/pdf/DDP_BIICS_CountryReport_IDN.pdf
- BP. (2020). Statistical Review of World Energy 2020. BP, 69th edition. https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2020-full-report.pdf
- Brand, C., Anable, J., & Morton, C. (2019). Lifestyle, efficiency and limits: Modelling transport energy and emissions using a socio-technical approach. Energy Efficiency, 12(1), 187–207. ISSN 1570-646X. https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/131941 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-018-9678-9
- Briand, Y., Lefevre, J., & Cayla, J.-M. (2017). Pathways to deep decarbonization of the passenger transport sector in France, IDDRI. https://ddpinitiative.org/pathways-to-deep-decarbonization-of-the-passenger-transport-in-france/
- Cano, Z. P., Banham, D., Ye, S., Hintennach, A., Lu, J., Fowler, M., & Chen, Z. (2018). Batteries and fuel cells for emerging electric vehicle markets. Nature Energy, 3(4), 279–289. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0108-1
- Creutzig, F. (2016). Evolving narratives of low-carbon futures in transportation. Transport Reviews, 36(3), 341–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2015.1079277
- Creutzig, F., Roy, J., Lamb, W. F., Azevedo, I. M., de Bruin, W. B., Dalkmann, H., Edelenbosch, O. Y., Geels, F. W., Grubler, A., Hepburn, C., Hertwich, E. G., Khosla, R., Mattauch, L., Minx, J. C., Ramakrishnan, A., Rao, N. D., Steinberger, J. K., Tavoni, M., Ürge-Vorsatz, D., & Weber, E. U. (2018). Towards demand-side solutions for mitigating climate change. Nature Climate Change, 8(4), 260–263. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0121-1
- De Blas, I., Mediavilla, M., Capellán-Pérez, I., & Duce, C. (2020). The limits of transport decarbonization under the current growth paradigm. Energy Strategy Reviews, 32, Article 100543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100543
- DTI. (2021). Auto green paper on the advancement of new energy vehicles in South Africa, Version of May 18th, 2021. Trade, Industry and Competition Department, Republic of South Africa. http://www.thedtic.gov.za/wp-content/uploads/EV_Green_Paper.pdf
- ETEnergyWorld. (2018). India’s monthly oil import bill growth at a year-high. Economic Times. https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/oil-and-gas/indias-monthly-oil-import-bill-growth-at-a-year-high/63015213
- Ewing, R., & Cervero, R. (2010). Travel and the built environment. Journal of the American Planning Association, 76(3), 265–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944361003766766
- Gao, Y., Newman, P., & Kenworthy, J. (2020). The rise and decline of car use in Beijing and Shanghai. Sustainability in Urban Planning and Design. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90130
- Garg, A., Sudharmma Vishwanathan, S., Chaturvedi, R., Gupta, D., Avashia, V., & Patange, O. (2021). Policy lessons on deep decarbonization in large emerging economies, India. Deep Decarbonization Pathways (DDP) Initiative-IDDRI. Paris. https://ddpinitiative.org/wp-content/pdf/DDP_BIICS_CountryReport_IND.pdf
- Godinez-Zamora, G., Victor-Gallardo, L., Angulo-Paniagua, J., Ramos, E., Howells, M., Usher, W., De León, F., Meza, A., & Quirós-Tortós, J. (2020). Decarbonising the transport and energy sectors: Technical feasibility and socioeconomic impacts in Costa Rica. Energy Strategy Reviews, 32, Article 100573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100573
- Godoy, J. C., Villamar, D., Soria, R., Vaca, C., Hamacher, T., & Ordóñez, F. (2021). Preparing the Ecuador’s power sector to enable a large-scale electric land transport. Energies 14(18): 5728. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185728
- Gupta, G. (2020). Sustainable development and carbon neutrality: Integrated assessment of transport transitions in India. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 85, Article 102474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102474
- Huppmann et al. (2019). IAMC 1.5°C scenario explorer and Data hosted by IIASA. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3363345
- IEA GER. (2021). Global energy review 2021. IEA, Paris. https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-review-2021
- IEA NZ. (2021). Net Zero by 2050. IEA, Paris. https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050
- IEA REN. (2021). Renewable energy market update, Outlook for 2021 and 2022. IEA. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/18a6041d-bf13-4667-a4c2-8fc008974008/RenewableEnergyMarketUpdate-Outlookfor2021and2022.pdf
- IEA SUV. (2021). Global SUV sales set another record in 2021, setting back efforts to reduce emissions, IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/commentaries/global-suv-sales-set-another-record-in-2021-setting-back-efforts-to-reduce-emissions
- IPBES. (2019). Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services (summary for policy makers). IPBES Plenary at its seventh session (IPBES 7, Paris, 2019). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3553579
- IPCC. (2018). Summary for policymakers. In: Global Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty. [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (eds.)]. In Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2019/05/SR15_SPM_version_report_LR.pdf
- IPCC SPM. (2022). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [P.R. Shukla,J. Skea, R. Slade, A. Al Khourdajie, R. van Diemen, D. McCollum, M. Pathak, S. Some, P. Vyas, R. Fradera, M. Belkacemi,A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, (eds.)]. Cambridge and New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157926.001
- Jewitt, G., & Kunz, R. (2011). The impact of biofuel feedstock production on water resources: A developing country perspective. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 5(4), 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.314
- Jiangsu. (2021). Low speed electric bike. Jiangsu Nwow Technology Co., Ltd. https://nwow2020.en.made-in-china.com/product/ndvfSoIcLYVO/China-Low-Speed-Electric-Bike.html
- Kainuma, M., et al. (2017). Pathways to deep decarbonization of the passenger transport sector in Japan, IDDRI. https://ddpinitiative.org/pathways-to-deep-decarbonization-of-the-passenger-transport-in-japan/
- La Rovere, E., et al. (2021). Policy lessons on deep decarbonization in large emerging economies, Brazil. Deep Decarbonization Pathways (DDP) Initiative-IDDRI. Paris. https://ddpinitiative.org/wp-content/pdf/DDP_BIICS_CountryReport_BRA.pdf
- Lefevre, J., Briand, Y., Pye, S., Tovilla, J., Li, F., Oshiro, K., Waisman, H., Cayla, J.-M., & Zhang, R. (2020). A pathway design framework for sectoral deep decarbonization: The case of passenger transportation. Climate Policy, 21:1, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1804817
- Litman, T. (2004). Transit price elasticities and cross-elasticities. Journal of Public Transportation 7(2), 37–58. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article = 1339&context = jpt https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.7.2.3
- Litman, T. (2022). Land use impacts on transport: How land use factors affect travel behavior. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. https://www.vtpi.org/landtravel.pdf
- MoHUA. (2017). Ministry of urban affairs to push dense urban growth along mass transit corridors for better living experience. Government of India. Press Information Bureau. https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid = 158690
- MoPNG. (2014). 70% of diesel, 99.6% of petrol consumed by transport sector. Ministry of Petroleoum & Natural Gas, Government of India. Press Information Bureau. https://pib.gov.in/newsite/printrelease.aspx?relid = 102799
- NHTS. (2020). National household travel survey in South Africa. Department of Statistics of South Africa. Republic of South Africa. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p = 14063
- NITI Aayog & BCG. (2018). Transforming India’s mobility: A perspective. NITI Aayog. https://www.niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/BCG.pdf
- NITI Aayog & Rocky Mountain Institute. (2019). India’s electric mobility transformation: Progress to date and future opportunities. https://rmi.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/rmi-niti-ev-report.pdf
- OECD/ITF (2017). ITF transport Outlook 2017. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789282108000-en
- OECD/ITF. (2021). Transport CO2 and the Paris Climate Agreement: Where Are We Six Years Later? https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/transport-co2-paris-agreement-six-years-later.pdf
- Petrunoff, N., Rissel, C., & Wen, L. M. (2017). If you don’t Do parking management. Forget your behaviour change, it’s not going to work.”: Health and transport practitioner perspectives on workplace active travel promotion. PLoS ONE, 12(1), e0170064. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170064
- Pye, S., Broad, O., Bataille, C., Brockway, P., Daly, H. E., Freeman, R., Gambhir, A., Geden, O., Rogan, F., Sanghvi, S., Tomei, J., Vorushylo, I., & Watson, J. (2021). Modelling net-zero emissions energy systems requires a change in approach. Climate Policy, 21(2), 222–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1824891
- Pye, S., & Li, F. G. N. (2017). Pathways to deep decarbonization of the passenger transport sector in the UK, IDDRI. https://ddpinitiative.org/pathways-to-deep-decarbonization-of-the-passenger-transport-sector-in-the-uk/
- Ravindranath, N. H., Sita Lakshmi, C., Manuvie, R., & Balachandra, P. (2011). Biofuel production and implications for land use, food production and environment in India. Energy Policy, 39(10), 5737–5745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.07.044
- RSA DMRE. (2020). South African Biofuels Regulatory Framework. Department of Mineral Resources and Energy, Republic of South Africa.
- Santangeli, A., Toivonen, T., Pouzols, F. M., Pogson, M., Hastings, A., Smith, P., & Moilanen, A. (2016). Global change synergies and trade-offs between renewable energy and biodiversity. GCB Bioenergy, 8(5), 941–951. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12299
- Schipper, L., et al. (2000). Flexing the link between transport and greenhouse gas emissions. IEA.
- SDSN & IDDRI. (2015). Deep carbonization pathways project pathways to deep decarbonization- 2015 synthesis report. https://www.iddri.org/sites/default/files/import/publications/ddpp_2015synthetisreport.pdf
- Sharmina, M., Edelenbosch, O. Y., Wilson, C., Freeman, R., Gernaat, D. E. H. J., Gilbert, P., Larkin, A., Littleton, E. W., Traut, M., van Vuuren, D. P., Vaughan, N. E., Wood, F. R., & Quéré, C. L. (2021). Decarbonising the critical sectors of aviation, shipping, road freight and industry to limit warming to 1.5–2°C. Climate Policy, 21(4), 455–474. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1831430
- SLOCAT. (2021a). Climate strategies for transport: An analysis of nationally determined contributions and long-term strategies. https://slocat.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Climate-Strategies-for-Transport-An-Analysis-of-NDCs-and-LTS-SLOCAT-December-2021.pdf
- SLOCAT. (2021b). Tracking trends in a time of change: The need for radical action towards sustainable transport decarbonisation, transport and climate change global status report – 2nd edition. https://tcc-gsr.com/
- SUM4ALL. (2017). Global mobility report 2017: Tracking Sector Performance. Sustainable Mobility For All, Washington DC, License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/28542/120500.pdf?sequence = 6
- Tovilla, J., & Buira, D. (2017). Pathways to deep decarbonization of the passenger transport sector in Mexico, IDDRI. https://ddpinitiative.org/pathways-to-deep-decarbonization-of-the-passenger-transport-in-mexico/
- Trollip, H. (2021). Policy lessons on deep decarbonization in large emerging economies, South Africa. Deep Decarbonization Pathways (DDP) Initiative-IDDRI. Paris. https://ddpinitiative.org/wp-content/pdf/DDP_BIICS_CountryReport_ZAF.pdf
- UNFCCC. (2022). Retrieved Feb 24th, 2022, from https://unfccc.int/process/the-paris-agreement/long-term-strategies
- Vasconcelos Goes, G., Schmitz Gonçalves, D. N., de Almeida D’Agosto, M., de Mello Bandeira, R. A., & Grottera, C. (2020). Transport-energy-environment modeling and investment requirements from Brazilian commitments. Renewable Energy, 157, 303–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.032
- Villamar, D., Soria, R., Rochedo, P., Szklo, A., Imperio, M., Carvajal, P., & Schaeffer, R. (2021). Long-term deep decarbonisation pathways for Ecuador: Insights from an integrated assessment model. Energy Strategy Reviews, 35, Article 100637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100637
- Wachsmuth, J., & Duscha, V. (2019). Achievability of the Paris targets in the EU—the role of demand-side-driven mitigation in different types of scenarios. Energy Efficiency, 12(2), 403–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-018-9670-4
- Waisman, H., Bataille, C., Winkler, H., Jotzo, F., Shukla, P., Colombier, M., Buira, D., Criqui, P., Fischedick, M., Kainuma, M., La Rovere, E., Pye, S., Safonov, G., Siagian, U., Teng, F., Virdis, M.-R., Williams, J., Young, S., Anandarajah, G., & Trollip, H. (2019). A pathway design framework for national low greenhouse gas emission development strategies. Nature Climate Change, 9(4), 261–268. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0442-8
- Waisman, H.-D., Guivarch, C., & Lecocq, F. (2013). The transportation sector and low-carbon growth pathways: Modelling urban, infrastructure, and spatial determinants of mobility. Climate Policy, 13(sup01), 106–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2012.735916
- Yang, Y., & Diez-Roux, A. V. (2012). Walking distance by trip purpose and population subgroups. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 43(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.015
- Zahavi, Y. (1974). Traveltime budgets and mobility in urban areas, US department of transportation.
- Zimbabwe Mail. (2021). Used car import ban rules clarified. The Zimbabwe Mail. https://www.thezimbabwemail.com/business/used-car-import-ban-rules-clarified