Changing Culture: A Case Study of a Merger Using Cognitive Mapping

References

• Ackermann , F. and Eden , C. 2005 . Using causal mapping with group support systems to elicit an understanding of failure in complex projects: some implications for organizational research . Group Decision and Negotiation , 14 : 355 – 376 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aitchison , J. 1987 . Words in the Mind , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Appelbaum , S. H. , Gandell , J. , Yortis , H. , Proper , S. and Jobin , F. 2000 . Anatomy of a merger: behavior of organizational factors and processes through the pre- during- post-stages (Part 1) . Management Decision , 38 : 649 – 661 .
   Google Scholar
• Axelrod , R. 1976 . Structure of Decision: The Cognitive Maps of Political Elites , Edited by: Axelrod , R. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Barney , J. 1986 . Organizational culture: can it be a source of sustained competitive advantage? . Academy of Management Review , 11 : 656 – 665 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bate , P. 1994 . Strategies of Cultural Change , Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann .
   Google Scholar
• Bedingham , K. 2001 . Analyzing gaps in culture – and ensuring arrival at the destination . Strategic Direction , 17 ( 5 ) : 3 – 4 .
   Google Scholar
• Bougon , M. G. 1983 . “ Uncovering cognitive maps ” . In Beyond Method: Strategies for Social Research , Edited by: Morgan , G. 114 – 128 . London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Bougon , M. G. 1992 . Congregate cognitive maps: a unified dynamic theory of organisation and strategy . Journal of Management Studies , 29 : 367 – 389 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourgeois , L. J. and Brodwin , D. 1983 . Putting your strategy into action . Strategic Management Planning , March/May, pp. 116–123
   Google Scholar
• Brown , A. 1995 . Organisational Culture , London : Pitman .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , S. M. 1992 . Cognitive mapping and repertory grids for qualitative survey research: some comparative observations . Journal of Management Studies , 29 : 287 – 307 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calori , R. , Johnson , G. and Sarnin , P. 1994 . CEOs' cognitive maps and the scope of the organisation . Strategic Management Journal , 15 ( 6 ) : 437 – 457 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartwright , S. and Cooper , C. 1993 . The role of cultural compatibility in successful organizational marriage . Academy of Management Executive , 7 ( 2 ) : 57 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Dawson , P. 1994 . Organisational Change: A Processual Approach , London : Chapman .
   Google Scholar
• Deal , T. E. and Kennedy , A. A. 1982 . Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life , Reading, MA : Addison-Wesley .
   Google Scholar
• DiGeorgio , R. M. 2002 . Making mergers and acquisitions work: what we know and don't know – part I . Journal of Change Management , 3 : 134 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• DiGeorgio , R. M. 2003 . Making mergers and acquisitions work: what we know and don't know – part II . Journal of Change Management , 3 : 259 – 274 .
   Google Scholar
• Easterby-Smith , M. , Thorpe , R. and Holman , D. 1996 . Using repertory grids in management . Journal of European Industrial Training , 20 ( 3 ) : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Easterby-Smith , M. , Thorpe , R. and Lowe , A. 1991 . Management Research: An Introduction , London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Eden , C. 1992 . On the nature of cognitive maps . Journal of Management Studies , 29 : 261 – 265 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eden , C. 1994 . Cognitive mapping and problem structuring for systems dynamics model building . System Dynamics Review , 10 : 257 – 276 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiol , C. M. and Huff , A. S. 1992 . Maps for managers: where are we? Where do we go from here? . Journal of Management Studies , 29 : 267 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald , T. H. 1988 . Can change in organizational culture really be managed? . Organizational Dynamics , 17 ( 2 ) : 5 – 15 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gagliardi , P. 1986 . The creation and change of organisation cultures: a conceptual framework . Organisation Studies , 7 : 117 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galpin , T. and Herndon , M. 2000 . The Complete Guide to Mergers and Acquisitions: Process Tools to Support M&A Integration at Every Level , San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Ginsberg , A. 1989 . Construing the business portfolio: a cognitive model of diversification . Journal of Management Studies , 26 : 417 – 438 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grugulis , I. , Dundon , T. and Wilkinson , A. 2000 . Cultural control and the ‘culture manager’: employment practices in a consultancy . Work, Employment and Society , 14 : 97 – 116 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins , P. 1997 . Organisational culture: sailing between evangelism and complexity . Human Relations , 50 : 417 – 440 .
   Google Scholar
• Heracleous , L. and Langham , B. 1996 . Strategic change and organizational culture at Hay Management Consultants . Long Range Planning , 29 : 485 – 494 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodgkinson , G. P. and Wright , G. 2002 . Confronting strategic inertia in a top management team: learning from failure . Organization Studies , 26 : 949 – 977 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoover , J. D. 2008 . Cognitive mapping and diagnostic aspects of organizational change . Organization Development Journal , 26 : 37 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Huff , A. S. 1990 . Mapping Strategic Thought , Edited by: Huff , A. S. Chichester : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Huff , A. S. and Jenkins , M. 2002 . Mapping Strategic Knowledge , Edited by: Huff , A. S. and Jenkins , M. London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , G. 2000 . Strategy through a cultural lens . Management Learning , 31 ( 4 ) : 403 – 426 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kavanagh , M. H. and Ashkanasy , N. M. 2006 . The impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational culture and individual acceptance of change during a merger . British Journal of Management , 17 : S81 – S103 . [Special Issue]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly , G. A. 1955 . The Psychology of Personal Constructs , New York : Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Kotter , J. P. and Heskett , J. L. 1992 . Corporate Culture and Performance , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Krefting , L. A. and Frost , P. J. 1985 . “ Untangling webs, surfing waves and wildcatting: a multiple-metaphor perspective on managing culture ” . In Organisational Culture , Edited by: Frost , P. J. , Moore , L. F. , Louis , M. R. , Lundberg , C. C. and Martin , J. 155 – 168 . London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Langfield-Smith , K. 1992 . Exploring the need for a shared cognitive map . Journal of Management Studies , 29 : 349 – 367 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legge , K. 1994 . “ Managing culture: fact or fiction ” . In Personnel Management: A Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice in Britain , Edited by: Sisson , K. 397 – 433 . Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Legge , K. 1995 . Human Resource Management: Rhetoric and Realities , London : MacMillan .
   Google Scholar
• Marks , M. L. and Mirvis , P. 1998 . Joining Forces , San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Martens , M. C. , Jennings , J. E. and Jennings , P. D. 2007 . Do the stories they tell get them the money they need? The role of entrepreneurial narratives in resource acqusision . Academy of Management Journal , 50 : 1107 – 1132 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , J. 1985 . “ Can organisational culture be managed? ” . In Organisational Culture , Edited by: Frost , P. J. , Moore , L. F. , Louis , M. R. , Lundberg , C. C. and Martin , J. 95 – 98 . London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Mezias , J. M. , Grinyer , P. and Guth , W. D. 2001 . Changing collective cognition: a process model for strategic change . Long Range Planning , 34 : 71 – 95 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogbonna , E. 1993 . Managing organisational culture: fantasy or reality? . Human Resource Management Journal , 3 : 42 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Ogbonna , E. and Harris , L. C. 1998 . Managing organisational culture: compliance or genuine change? . British Journal of Management , 9 : 273 – 288 .
   Google Scholar
• Ogbonna , E. and Harris , L. C. 2002 . Managing organisational culture: insights from the hospitality industry . Human Resource Management Journal , 12 : 33 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Ogbonna , E. and Wilkinson , B. 1990 . Corporate strategy and corporate culture: the view from the checkout . Personnel Review , 19 ( 4 ) : 9 – 15 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogbonna , E. and Wilkinson , B. 2003 . The false promise of organizational culture change: a case study of middle managers in grocery retailing . Journal of Management Studies , 40 : 1151 – 1178 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters , T. and Waterman , R. 1982 . In Search of Excellence , New York : Random House .
   Google Scholar
• Porter , B. L. and Parker , W. S. Jr. 1992 . Culture change . Human Resource Management , 31 : 45 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reger , R. K. 1990 . “ The repertory grid technique for eliciting the content and structure of cognitive constructive systems ” . In Mapping Strategic Thought , Edited by: Huff , A. S. 301 – 310 . Chichester : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Rowe , A. L. and Cooke , N. J. 1995 . Measuring mental models: choosing the right tools for the job . Human Resource Development Quarterly , 6 : 243 – 255 .
   Google Scholar
• Saka , A. 2003 . Internal change agents' view of the management of change problem . Journal of Organizational Change Management , 16 : 480 – 496 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathe , V. 1983 . Implications of corporate culture: a manager's guide to action . Organizational Dynamics , 12 ( 2 ) : 5 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schein , E. H. 1985 . Organizational Culture and Leadership , San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Scheper , W. J. and Faber , J. 1994 . Do cognitive maps make sense? . Advances in Managerial Cognition and Organisational Information Processing , 5 : 165 – 185 .
   Google Scholar
• Shearer , C. S. , Hames , D. S. and Runge , J. B. 2001 . How CEOs influence organizational culture following acquisitions . Leadership & Organization Development Journal , 22 : 105 – 113 .
   Google Scholar
• Smircich , L. 1983a . Concepts of culture and organizational analysis . Administrative Science Quarterly , 28 : 339 – 358 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smircich , L. 1983b . “ Studying organizations as cultures ” . In Beyond Method: Strategies for Social Research , Edited by: Morgan , G. 160 – 172 . London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Swan , J. A. 1995 . Exploring knowledge and cognition's in decisions about technological innovation: mapping managerial cognitions . Human Relations , 48 : 1241 – 1270 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teerikangas , S. and Very , P. 2006 . The culture–performance relationship in M&A: from yes/no to how . British Journal of Management , 17 : S31 – S48 . [Special Issue]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton , E. J. 1986 . Managers prototypes of financial terms . Journal of Management Studies , 23 : 679 – 698 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webber , P. S. and Manning , M. R. 2001 . Cause maps, sensemaking and planned organizational change . Journal of Applied Behavioural Science , 37 : 227 – 251 .
   Google Scholar
• Weick , K. E. 1995 . Sensemaking in Organizations , London : SAGE .
   Google Scholar
• Wilkins , A. L. 1983 . The culture audit: a tool for understanding organisations . Organizational Dynamics , 12 ( 2 ) : 24 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willmott , H. 1993 . Strength is ignorance: slavery is freedom: managing culture in modern organizations . Journal of Management Studies , 30 : 545 – 551 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worrall , L. , Parkes , C. and Cooper , C. 2004 . The impact of organizational change on the perceptions of UK managers . European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology , 13 : 139 – 163 .
   Google Scholar