468
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

JUSTAS for all? Innovation and UAVs in the Canadian forces

Pages 124-142 | Received 22 Sep 2014, Accepted 27 Mar 2015, Published online: 05 Jun 2015

References

  • Allison, G.T., 1971. The essence of decision: explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: HarperCollins.
  • Anonymous, 7 Aug 2014a. Re: Canadian UAVs. email to G. Schaub ([email protected]).
  • Anonymous, 14 Aug 2014b. Re: Canadian UAVs. email to G. Schaub ([email protected]).
  • Arming Canada’s Kandahar drones an option being discussed internally: MacKay, 2010. Guelph Mercury, 22 June.
  • Background – Tactical UAV – CU-161 Sperwer development. Canadian American Strategic Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/bg-uav-cu161sperwer.htm [Accessed 11 Aug 2014].
  • BG Archive – CF Mini-UAV candidates – Elbit Systems Skylark. Canadian American Strategic Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/bg-mini-uav-skylark.htm [Accessed 17 Aug 2014].
  • Biddle, S., 2003. Afghanistan and the future of warfare. Foreign affairs, 82 (2), 31–46.
  • Bishop, S., 2013. Libya and the lessons of naval power. Canadian naval review, 8 (4), 14–18.
  • Bond, L., 2011. JUSTAS and project EPSILON: integrated intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance of the Canadian Arctic. Canadian military journal, 11 (4), 24–29.
  • Campbell, L., 2011. The debate: manned vs unmanned. FrontLine defence, 8 (2), 14–15.
  • Canada hires Sagem to fit Sperwer Aircraft, 2006. Jane’s Defence Industry, 4 Sep.
  • Canada will adopt drone family, 2004. Jane’s Defence Weekly, 25 June.
  • Canadian Forces UAV procurement: a DND JUSTAS project timeline, 2013. Canadian American Strategic Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/id-justas-project-timeline.htm[ Accessed 11 August 2014].
  • Canadian Navy to Test ScanEagle UAV, 2009. Canadian Defence Review [online]. Available from: http://www.canadiandefencereview.com/news.php/news/274 [Accessed 29 Aug 2014].
  • CBC News, 2013. Canadian navy loses drone in hostile waters: report. Iran found similar drone 6 months later. CBC News [online]. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/canadian-navy-loses-drone-in-hostile-waters-report-1.1329330 [Accessed 29 Aug 2014].
  • CF Leased UAV – McDonald Dettwiler/IAI Malat CU-170 Heron. Canadian American Strategic Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/101-af-cu170-heron-uav.htm [Accessed 12 Aug 2014].
  • Charters, D.A., 2012. Canadian military intelligence in Afghanistan. International journal of intelligence and counterintelligence, 25 (3), 470–507.
  • Chase, S., 2008. Pullout by key U.S. manufacturer thins ranks of drone bidders. The Globe and Mail, 8 May.
  • Clearing the air: Canada Country Briefing, 2007. Jane’s Defence Weekly, 5 Sep.
  • Cohen, E.A., 1994. The mystique of U.S. air power. Foreign affairs, 73 (1), 109–124.
  • Cohen, E.A., 2004. Change and transformation in military affairs. Journal of strategic studies, 27 (3), 395–407.
  • Danish Army’s UAVs stay grounded, 2004. Jane’s Defence Weekly, 29 Oct.
  • Defense Industry Daily Staff, 2014a. Ravens, Mini-UAVs winning gold in Afghanistan’s “Commando Olympics”. Defense Industry Daily [online], 16 Apr. Available from: http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/raven-uavs-winning-gold-in-afghanistans-commando-olympics-01432/ [Accessed 29 Aug 2014].
  • Defense Industry Daily Staff, 2014b. From dolphins to destroyers: the ScanEagle. Defense Industry Daily [online], 14 June. Available from: http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/from-dolphins-to-destroyers-the-scaneagle-uav-04933/ [Accessed 29 Aug 2014].
  • Department of National Defence, 1994. 1994 White paper on defence. Ottawa: Department of National Defence.
  • Department of National Defence, 2011. Departmental performance report 2011–12: status report on major crown/transformational projects. Ottawa: Department of National Defence.
  • Department of National Defence, 2014. Departmental performance report 2014–15: status report on major crown/transformational projects. Ottawa: Department of National Defence.
  • Deptula, D.A., 2001. Firing for effects. Air force magazine, 84 (4), 46–53.
  • Dowell, J.A.E.K., 2011. Intelligence for the Canadian Army in the 21st century: enabling land operations. Ottawa: Canadian Broadcasting Company.
  • Ehrhard, T.P., 2010. Air Force UAVs: the secret history. Arlington, VA: The Mitchell Institute for Airpower Studies.
  • Farrell, T., Osinga, F., and Russell, J.A., eds., 2013a. Military adaptation in Afghanistan. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Farrell, T., Rynning, S., and Terriff, T., 2013b. Transforming military power since the Cold War: Britain, France, and the United States, 1991–2012. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Freedman, L. and Karsh, E., 1993. The Gulf Conflict, 1990–1991: diplomacy and war in the new world order. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Garstka, J.J., 2009. Patterns in innovation. In: S. Jesper, ed. Transforming defense capabilities: new approaches for international security. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 57–78.
  • Grissom, A., 2006. The future of military innovation studies. Journal of strategic studies, 29 (5), 905–934.
  • Halperin, M.H., 1974. Bureaucratic politics and foreign policy. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
  • Historique Du Régiment 5e RALC [online]. Available from: http://www.5ralc.ca/historique/historique.php [Accessed 13 Aug 2014].
  • Hobson, S., 2007. Canada seeks swift progress in ISR UAV programme. International Defence Review, 7 Aug.
  • Hobson, S., 2011a. Predator B put forward for JUSTAS. International Defence Review, 10 June.
  • Hobson, S., 2011b. Canadian herons soar over Afghanistan. International Defence Review, 8 July.
  • Holland, J., 2012. Northrop Grumman teams with L-3 MAS for Canadian UAV. Jane’s Defence Industry, 31 May.
  • Horowitz, M.C., 2010. The diffusion of military power: causes and consequences for international politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • In brief – Canadian UAVs leave Afghanistan, 2004. Jane’s Defence Weekly, 16 July.
  • Independent Panel on Canada’s Future Role in Afghanistan, 2008. Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services.
  • Jaggi, U. and McCorquodale, A., 2009. UAVs: a 40-year overnight success. FrontLine defence, 6 (1), 34.
  • Jane’s Sentinel Security Assessment – North America: Air Force, Canada, 2014. IHS Jane’s, 5 March.
  • Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J.L., and Thaler, R.H., 1991. Anomalies: the endowment effect, loss aversion, and status quo bias. Journal of economic perspectives, 5 (1), 193–206.
  • Kenny, J., 2012. Unmanned aircraft systems: are expectations realistic? Ottawa: Canadian Forces College.
  • Kingdon, J.W., 1984. Agendas, alternatives, and public policies. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company.
  • Kirton, J., 1992. Liberating Kuwait: Canada and the Persian Gulf War, 1990–91. In: D. Munton and J. Kirton, eds. Canadian foreign policy: selected cases. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall, 382–393.
  • Kreienbaum, B., 1999. Unmanned air vehicles are taking off in NATO’s priorities. NATO’s nations and partners for peace, 2 (1), 26–30.
  • Kristensen, K.S., Pradhan-Blach, F. and Schaub, G. Jr., 2014. Unmanned and unarmed: on the future use of unmanned aerial systems in the Danish Armed Forces. Copenhagen: Centre for Military Studies.
  • Lacroix, J.R.C., (2008). Message from the director of artillery. The Canadian gunner, 41a, 6–7.
  • Lambeth, B.S., 2000. The transformation of American air power. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • LdDefence, 2012. Sperwer takes a final dive. RP Defence [online], 15 March. Available from: http://rpdefense.over-blog.com/article-sperwer-takes-a-final-dive-101657724.html [Accessed 7 Nov 2013].
  • Levy, J.S., 1997. Prospect theory, rational choice, and international relations. International studies quarterly, 41 (1), 87–112.
  • Little, R., 2008. A Short history of surveillance and target acquisition artillery. Canadian Army journal, 11 (3), 43–53.
  • Macgregor, D.A., 2003. Transformation under fire: revolutionizing how America fights. Westport, CT: Praeger.
  • MacLean, C., 2005. LGen Steve Lucas: a repositioning of the air force. FrontLine defence, 2 (3), 4–7.
  • MacLean, C., 2007. LGen Angus Watt: air force invests in the future. FrontLine defence, 4 (5), 4–8.
  • MacLean, C., 2013. LGen Yvan Blondin, Commander RCAF. FrontLine defence, 10 (3), 8–21.
  • March, J.G. with Chip Heath, 1994. A primer on decision making: how decisions happen. New York: Free Press.
  • March, W.A., 2007. Learning to walk? FrontLine defence, 4 (6), 8–11.
  • March, W. ([email protected]), 23 July 2014a. RE: Canadian UAVs. email to G. Schaub ([email protected]).
  • March, W. ([email protected]), 6 Aug 2014b. RE: Canadian UAVs. email to G. Schaub ([email protected]).
  • Maritime Forces Atlantic Public Affairs, 2014. HMCS Toronto Achievements During Operation Artemis. Royal Canadian Navy [online], 3 March. Available from: http://www.navy-marine.forces.gc.ca/en/news-operations/news-media-toronto-artemis.page [Accessed 29 August 2014].
  • Mazarr, M.J., 1994. The revolution in military affairs: a framework for defense planning. Carlisle: Strategic Studies Institute.
  • Minnich, M., 2006. Task force Afghanistan: the air force dimension. FrontLine defence, 3 (4), 18–21.
  • New wings coming to the CAF in 2014. National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces [online]. Available from: http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/news/article.page?doc=new-wings-coming-to-the-caf-in-2014/hpf8gsvq [Accessed 17 August 2014].
  • Ng, A., 2003. The CF18 Incremental Modernization Program – in detail. Canadian-American Security Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/id-cf18-3-1.htm [Accessed 18 August 2014].
  • Owens, W.A., 1995–1996. The American revolution in military affairs. Joint force quarterly, 10, 37–38.
  • Peters, J.E., et al., 2001. European contributions to operation allied force: implications for transatlantic cooperation. MR-1391-AF. Santa Monica: RAND.
  • Pole, K., 2005. The unmanned option. FrontLine defence, 2 (6), 24–25.
  • Posen, B.R., 1984. The sources of military doctrine: France, Britain, and Germany between the world wars. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Project Noctua – a leased, contractor-maintained UAV system for use by the CF in Afghanistan – MERX LOI notice, 2008. Canadian American Strategic Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/doc-loi-noctua-uav.htm [Accessed 12 August 2014].
  • Pugliese, D., 2006. Denmark junks unreliable drones: Danes hope to sell trouble-prone craft to Canadian Force. Ottawa Citizen, 9 Feb.
  • Pugliese, D., 2007. Tories kill sole-source DND contract: $500-million deal for aerial drones from U.S. firm cancelled over optics. Ottawa Citizen, 20 Apr.
  • Pugliese, D., 2008. Canada’s Predator Saga: selecting Israel’s Heron to Boost ISR in Afghanistan is not the end of the story. Defense News, 1 Nov.
  • Pugliese, D., 2014. Canadian Army, Navy develop ambitious plans; AF fights delays. Defense News, 13 May.
  • Renni, S., 2011. Military to disband drone team after Afghan mission ends. The Globe and Mail, 11 Jan.
  • Rigsrrevisionen, 2006. Beretning til statsrevisorerne om forsvarets anskaffelse og afvikling af Tårnfalken, RB A302/06 (Report to the public accounts committee on the ministry of defence's acquisition and liquidation of fifteen Tårnfalken unmanned aerial vehicles). Copenhagen: Rigsrevisionen.
  • Rosen, S.P., 1991. Winning the next war: innovation and the modern military. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Royal Canadian Air Force officer, 2014. Interview. 16 Oct.
  • Russell, J.A., 2011. Innovation, transformation and war: counterinsurgency operations in Anbar and Ninewa Provinces, Iraq, 2005–2007. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Saideman, S.M., 2012. Afghanistan as a test of Canadian politics: what did we learn from the experience? The Afghanistan Papers, No. 10. Warterloo: Centre for International Governance Innovation.
  • Schaub, G. Jr., 2004. Deterrence, compellence, and prospect theory. Political psychology, 25 (3), 389–411.
  • Serena, C.C., 2011. A revolution in military adaptation: the US Army in the Iraq War. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • Shelsby, T., 1991. Iraqi soldiers surrender to AAI’s drones. The Baltimore Sun, 2 March.
  • Sloan, E., 2007. Military transformation: key aspects and Canadian approaches. Calgary: Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute.
  • Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2012. SIPRI Military Expenditure Database. Stockholm: SIPRI. Available from: http://milexdata.sipri.org/files/?file=SIPRI%20milex%20data%201988-2011.xls [Accessed 22 June 2014].
  • The Canadian Press, 2011. Canada military drones: ScanEagle, unmanned aircraft, to be deployed on Mediterranean mission. The Huffington Post – Canada [online], 22 Nov. Available from: http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2011/11/22/canada-drones-scaneagle_n_1108479.html [Accessed 29 August 2014].
  • The Field Artillery School and The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery, 2005. The year 2004 in review. The Canadian gunner, 39, 14–15.
  • The Globe and Mail reported on 12 June …., 2004. Jane’s Intelligence Watch Report, 14 June.
  • The Shepherd News Team, 2009. Sperwer’s time with the Canadian Forces draws to a close. UV Online [online], 22 May. Available from: http://www.shephardmedia.com/news/uv-online/sperwers-time-with-the-canadian-forces-d/ [Accessed 7 Nov 2013].
  • Tirpak, J.A., 2008. Rise of the reaper. Air force magazine, 91 (2), 34–37.
  • Ucko, D., 2008. Innovation or inertia: the U.S. military and the learning of counterinsurgency. Orbis, 52 (2), 290–310.
  • Ucko, D.H., 2009. The new counterinsurgency era: transforming the US military for modern wars. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • Unattainable aerial vehicles? Sperwer, Predator, and Afghanistan overview–Canadian Forces’ CU-161 Sperwer UAV in Afghanistan. Canadian American Strategic Review [online]. Available from: http://www.casr.ca/id-afghan-uavs-1.htm [Accessed 24 March 2014].
  • United Kingdom House of Commons, 2000. Statement of Mr. Speller, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Balkans), 13 Nov.
  • Vanguard Staff, 2014. ING, Canadian Army operating ScanEagle over Maple Resolve. Vanguard [online], 30 May. Available from: http://vanguardcanada.com/ing-canadian-army-operating-scaneagle-over-maple-resolve/ [Accessed 26 August 2014].
  • Waltz, K.A., 1981. The spread of nuclear weapons: more may be better. Adelphi Paper No. 171. London: International Institute for Strategic Studies.
  • Warden, J.A. III, 1997/1998. Success in modern war: a response to Robert Pape’s Bombing to Win. Security studies, 7 (2), 172–190.
  • Watson, B., 2010. Unmanned aerial systems: training and operation. FrontLine defence, 7 (5), 34–36.
  • Watts, B.D., 2011. The maturing revolution in military affairs. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments.
  • Weese, B., 2011. Canadian forces lean on drones for Afghanistan surveillance. Toronto Sun, 2 June.
  • Welsh, K., 2010. Task force Erebus: providing essential support to Canada’s mission in Afghanistan. Canadian air force journal, 3 (2), 18–26.
  • Zubeldia, O., 2010. L’armée française et l’utilisation des drones dans les missions de reconnaissance, de 1960 au conflict du Kosovo (The French army and the use of drones in reconnaissance missions from 1960 to the Kosovo conflict). Revue Historique des Armáes, 261, 62–71.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.