Strategic Positioning And Organizational Adaptation In Social Enterprise Subsidiaries Of Voluntary Organizations

References

• Albert , S. and Whetten , D. 1985 . “ ‘Organizational Identity’ ” . In Research on Organizational Behaviour , (7th vol.) , Edited by: Staw , B. M. and Cummings , L. L. Greenwich, CT : JAI Press .
   Google Scholar
• Alcock , P. , Brannelly , T. and Ross , L. 2004 . Formality or Flexibility? Voluntary Sector Contracting in Social Care and Health Available at http://www.ncvo-vol.org/asp/search/ncvo/main.aspx?siteID=1&sID=18&subSID (accessed 15 February 2006)
   Google Scholar
• Alter , K. 2006 . “ ‘Social Enterprise Models and Their Mission and Money Relationships’ ” . In Social Entrepreneurship: New Models of Sustainable Social Change , Edited by: Nicholls , A. Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Arnett , D. , German , S. and Hunt , S. 2003 . The Identity Salience Model of Relationship Marketing Success: The Case of Nonprofit Marketing . Journal of Marketing , 67 April : 89 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashton , R. 2007 . Why the CIC Will Give Us a Kick Start . Social Enterprise , 62 October : 28
   Google Scholar
• Balmer , J. and Greyser , S. 2002 . Managing the Multiple Identities of the Corporation . California Management Review , 44 ( 3 ) : 72 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackmore , A. 2004 . Standing Apart, Working Together: A Study of the Myths and Realities of Voluntary and Community Sector Independence , London : NCVO Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Bode , I. , Evers , A. and Schulz , A. 2006 . “ ‘Work Integration Social Enterprises in Europe: Can Hybridization Be Sustainable’ ” . In Social Enterprise at the Crossroads of Market, Public Policies and Civil Society , Edited by: Nyssens , M. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Boschee , J. 2006 . “ ‘Social Entrepreneurship: The Promise and the Perils’ ” . In Social Entrepreneurship: New Models of Sustainable Social Change , Edited by: Nicholls , A. Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Brandsen , T. , VandeDonk , W. and Putters , K. 2005 . Griffins or Chameleons? Hybridity as a Permanent and Inevitable Characteristic of the Third Sector . International Journal of Public Administration , 28 ( 9/10 ) : 749 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Bruce , I. 1998 . Successful Charity Marketing: Meeting Need , (2nd edn) , London : ICSA .
   Google Scholar
• Carson , D. , Gilmore , A. , Perry , C. and Gronhaug , K. 2001 . Qualitative Marketing Research , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Charities Act . 2006 . “ UK Cabinet Office ” . London : The Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• Charity Commission . 2007a . Trustees, Trading and Tax: How Charities May Lawfully Trade Available at http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/publications/cc35.asp (accessed 24 July 2008)
   Google Scholar
• Charity Commission . 2007b . Charities and Public Service Delivery Available at http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/library/publications/pdfs/cc37text.pdf (accessed 10 March 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Chew , C. Strategic Marketing Planning and Positioning in Voluntary Non-Profit Organizations: Empirical Findings and Implications for British Charitable Organizations . Aston Business School Research Working Paper RP05/06 . Birmingham : Aston University .
   Google Scholar
• Chew , C. 2006 . Positioning and Its Strategic Relevance: Emerging Themes from the Experiences of British Charitable Organizations . Public Management Review , 8 ( 2 ) : 333 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chew , C. 2009 . Strategic Positioning in Voluntary and Charitable Organizations , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Chew , C. and Osborne , S. P. 2007 . Use It or Lose It! . Public Management and Policy Association Review , 38 June : 11
   Google Scholar
• Chew , C. and Osborne , S. P. 2009 . Identifying the Factors That Influence Positioning Strategy in UK Charitable Organizations: Towards an Integrating Model . Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly , 38 ( 1 ) : 29 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dees , G. 1998 . Enterprising Nonprofits . Harvard Business Review , 76 ( 1 ) : 55 – 67 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Defourny , J. 2004 . “ ‘Introduction: From Third Sector to Social Enterprise’ ” . In The Emergence of Social Enterprise , Edited by: Borzaga , C. and Defourny , J. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Denzin , N. K. 1978 . “ ‘The Logic of Naturalistic Inquiry’ ” . In Sociological Methods: A Sourcebook , Edited by: Denzin , N. K. New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) . 2002 . Social Enterprise: A Strategy for Success Available at http://www.dti.gov.uk/socialenterprise">http://www.dti.gov.uk/socialenterprise (accessed 10 April 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) . 2004 . An Introduction to Community Interest Companies , London : Crown Copyright . (December)
   Google Scholar
• Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) . 2005 . The Regulation of Community Interest Companies Available at www.dti.gov.uk/socialenterprise (accessed 20 November 2007)
   Google Scholar
• DiMaggio , P. and Powell , W. 1983 . The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields . American Sociological Review , 48 ( 2 ) : 147 – 60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisenhardt , K. M. 1989 . Building Theories from Case Study Research . Academy of Management , 14 ( 4 ) : 532 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellson , T. 2004 . Culture and Positioning as Determinants of Strategy , Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Evers , A. 2005 . Mixed Welfare Systems and Hybrid Organizations: Changes in the Governance and Provision of Social Service . International Journal of Public Administration , 28 ( 7/8 ) : 737 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Evers , A. 2008 . “ ‘Hybrid Organizations: Background, Concepts, Challenges’ ” . In The Third Sector in Europe , Edited by: Osborne , S. P. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Frumkin , P. and Kim , M. T. 2001 . Strategic Positioning and the Financing of Nonprofit Organizations: Is Efficiency Rewarded in the Contributions Marketplace? . Public Administration Review , 61 ( 3 ) : 266 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gioia , D. , Schultz , M. and Corley , K. 2000 . Organizational Identity, Image and Adaptive Instability . Academy of Management Review , 25 ( 1 ) : 63 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golden-Biddle , K. and Rao , H. 1997 . Breaches in the Boardroom: Organizational Identity and Conflict of Commitment in a Non-Profit Organization . Organization Sciences , 8 ( 6 ) : 593 – 611 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HM Treasury . September 2002 . The Role of the Voluntary and Community Sector in Service Delivery: A Cross Cutting Review , September , London : HM Treasury, UK .
   Google Scholar
• HM Treasury . February 2005 . Exploring the Third Sector in Public Service Delivery and Reform: A Discussion Document , February , London : HM Treasury, UK .
   Google Scholar
• Hooley , G. , Broderick , A. and Moller , K. 1998 . Competitive Positioning and the Resource-Based View of the Firm . Journal of Strategic Marketing , 6 ( 2 ) : 97 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Hooley , G. , Saunders , J. and Piercy , N. 2004 . Marketing Strategy and Competitive Positioning , (3rd edn) , Harlow : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Hrebiniak , L. and Joyce , W. 1985 . Organizational Adaptation: Strategic Choice and Environmental Determinism . Administrative Science Quarterly , 30 ( 3 ) : 336 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson , M. 2002 . Managing without Profit: The Art of Managing Third-Sector Organizations , (2nd edn) , London : DSC .
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs , D. 1974 . Dependency and Vulnerability: An Exchange Approach to the Control of Organizations . Administrative Science Quarterly , 19 ( 1 ) : 45 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , G. , Scholes , K. and Whittington , R. 2006 . Exploring Corporate Strategy , (7th edn) , Harlow : Financial Times–Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Kirkert , W. 2001 . Public Management of Hybrid Organizations: Governance of Quasi-Autonomous Executive Agencies . International Public Management Journal , 4 ( 2 ) : 135 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• Laville , J L. and Nyssens , M. 2004 . “ ‘The Social Enterprise: Towards a Theoretical Socio-Economic Approach’ ” . In The Emergence of Social Enterprise , Edited by: Borzaga , C. and Defourny , J. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Lloyd , P. 2003 . Social Enterprise in the English RDAs and in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland , London : Social Enterprise Coalition .
   Google Scholar
• Maple , P. 2003 . Marketing Strategy for Effective Fundraising , London : Directory of Social Change .
   Google Scholar
• Melewar , T. and Karaosmanoglu , E. 2006 . Dimensions of Corporate Identity . European Journal of Marketing , 40 ( 7/8 ) : 846 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menard , C. 2006 . Hybrid Organization of Production and Distribution . Revista de Análisis Económico , 21 ( 2 ) : 25 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Miles , M. and Huberman , M. 1994 . Qualitative Data Analysis , (2nd edn) , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Miles , R. and Snow , C. 1978 . Organizational Strategy, Structure and Process , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Mintzberg , H. 1987 . Crafting Strategy . Harvard Business Review , 65 ( 4 ) : 66 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCVO . 2004 . The UK Voluntary Sector Almanac 2004 , London : NCVO Publications .
   Google Scholar
• NCVO . 2006 . The UK Voluntary Sector Almanac 2006 , London : NCVO Publications .
   Google Scholar
• NCVO . 2007 . The UK Voluntary Sector Almanac 2007 , London : NCVO Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Neuman , L. W. 2006 . Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches , Boston, MA : Pearson Education .
   Google Scholar
• Office of the Regulator of Community Interest Companies . 2008 . Registered Community Interest Companies Available at http://www.cicregulator.gov.uk/coSearch/companyList.shtml (accessed 9 July 2008)
   Google Scholar
• Office of the Third Sector . 2007 . Social Enterprise Action Plan – One Year On Available at http://cabinetoffice.gov.uk/thirdsector (accessed 20 November 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Pfeffer , J. and Salancik , G. 1978 . The External Control of Organizations: A Resource-Dependence Perspective , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Porter , M. 1985 . Competitive Advantage , New York : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pratt , M. and Foreman , P. 2000 . Classifying Managerial Responses to Multiple Organizational Identities . Journal of Management Review , 25 ( 1 ) : 18 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Saxton , J. 1996 . Strategies for Competitive Advantages in Non-Profit Organizations . Journal of Non-Profit and Voluntary Sector Marketing , 1 ( 1 ) : 50 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Saxton , J. 2003 . “ Is That a Business or a Charity That I See? ” . In Third Sector , London : Haymarket Management (cited in Times Public Agenda, 21 October) . (15 October)
   Google Scholar
• Schein , E. H. 1992 . Organizational Culture and Leadership , (2nd edn) , San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , G. 1949 . The Meaning of Evolution , New Haven, CT : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Social Enterprise Coalition (SEC) . September 2003 . There's More to Business Than You Think: A Guide to Social Enterprise , September , London : SEC .
   Google Scholar
• Spear , R. 2004 . “ ‘United Kingdom – a Wide Range of Social Enterprises’ ” . In The Emergence of Social Enterprise , Edited by: Borzaga , C. and Defourny , J. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Strategy Unit . September 2002 . Private Action, Public Benefit: A Review of Charities and the Wider Not-For-Profit Sector , September , London : Cabinet Office, UK .
   Google Scholar
• Third Sector . 2007 . “ Over 1,200 Organizations Register as CICs ” . In Third Sector Available at http://www.thirdsector.co.uk, 3 October 2007 (accessed 12 December 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Vidal , I. 2005 . Social Enterprise and Social Inclusion: Social Enterprises in the Sphere of Work Integration . International Journal of Public Administration , 28 ( 7/8 ) : 807 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Webster , F. E. 1992 . The Changing Role of Marketing in the Corporation . Journal of Marketing , 56 October : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wray , R. B. 1994 . Branding, Product Development and Positioning the Charity . Journal of Brand Management , 1 ( 5 ) : 363 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Wymer , W. , Knowles , P. and Gomes , R. 2006 . Nonprofit Marketing: Marketing Management for Charitable and Nongovernmental Organizations , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Yin , R. K. 2003 . Case Study Research: Design and Methods , (3rd edn) , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar