Tourism and rewilding: an introduction – definition, issues and review

References

• Anderson, E. C., & Minor, E. S. (2017). Vacant lots: An underexplored resource for ecological and social benefits in cities. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 21, 146–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, R. M., Buitenwerf, R., Driessen, C., Genes, L., Lorimer, J., & Svenning, J. C. (2019). Introducing rewilding to restoration to expand the conservation effort: A response to Hayward et al. Biodiversity and Conservation, doi: 10.1007/s10531-019-01845-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekoff, M. (2014). Rewilding our hearts: Building pathways of compassion and coexistence. Novaro, CA: New World Library.
   Google Scholar
• Bernal, B., Murray, L. T., & Pearson, T. R. (2018). Global carbon dioxide removal rates from forest landscape restoration activities. Carbon Balance and Management, 13, 22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blenkinsop, S., Fettes, M., & Kentel, J. (2015). Dark matters: Turning toward the untouched, the unheard, and the unseen in environmental education. Canadian Journal of Environmental Education, 19, 5–17.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, A. G., Lespez, L., Sear, D. A., Macaire, J. J., Houben, P., Klimek, K., … Pears, B. (2018). Natural vs anthropogenic streams in Europe: History, ecology and implications for restoration, river-rewilding and riverine ecosystem services. Earth-Science Reviews, 180, 185–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, C., McMorran, R., & Price, M. F. (2011). Rewilding – a new paradigm for nature conservation in Scotland? Scottish Geographical Journal, 127, 288–314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, D. (2019). Wilder lives: Humans and our environments. Pietermaritzburg: The University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
   Google Scholar
• Burney, D. A., & Burney, L. P. (2007). Paleoecology and ‘inter-situ’ restoration on Kaua’i, Hawai’i. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 5, 483–490.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callicott, J. B., & Nelson, M. P. (Eds.). (1998). The great new wilderness debate. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carey, J. (2016). Core concept: Rewilding. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(4), 806–808.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carver, S. (2016). Flood management and nature–can rewilding help? Ecos, 37(1), 33–43.
   Google Scholar
• Cerqueira, Y., Navarro, L. M., Maes, J., Marta-Pedroso, C., Honrado, J. P., & Pereira, H. M. (2015). Ecosystem services: The opportunities of rewilding in Europe. In H. M. Pereira & L. M. Navarro (Eds.), Rewilding European landscapes (pp. 47–64). Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Chazdon, R. L. (2008). Beyond deforestation: Restoring forests and ecosystem services on degraded lands. Science, 320(5882), 1458–1460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciccarese, L., Mattsson, A., & Pettenella, D. (2012). Ecosystem services from forest restoration: Thinking ahead. New Forests, 43(5-6), 543–560.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cloyd, A. A. (2016). Reimagining rewilding: A response to Jørgensen, Prior, and Ward. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, 76, 59–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corlett, R. T. (2016). Restoration, reintroduction, and rewilding in a changing world. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 31, 453–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramer, V. A., Hobbs, R. J., & Standish, R. J. (2008). What's new about old fields? Land abandonment and ecosystem assembly. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 23(2), 104–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crutzen, P. J. (2002). Geology of mankind. Nature, 415(6867), 23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danford, R. S., Strohbach, M. W., Warren, P. S., & Ryan, R. L. (2018). Active greening or rewilding the city: How does the intention behind small pockets of urban green affect use? Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 29, 377–383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawney, L. (2019). Decommissioned places: Ruins, endurance and care at the end of the first nuclear age. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, doi: 10.1111/tran.12334
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deary, H., & Warren, C. R. (2017). Divergent visions of wildness and naturalness in a storied landscape: Practices and discourses of rewilding in Scotland's wild places. Journal of Rural Studies, 54, 211–222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deary, H., & Warren, C. R. (2019). Trajectories of rewilding: A taxonomy of wildland management. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 62(3), 466–491.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derham, T. T. (2019). In defence of ‘rewilding’ – a response to Hayward et al. (2019). Biological Conservation, 236, 583.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeSilvey, C., & Bartolini, N. (2019). Where horses run free? Autonomy, temporality and rewilding in the Côa Valley, Portugal. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 44(1), 94–109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donlan, C. J., Berger, J., Bock, C. E., Bock, J. H., Burney, D. A., Estes, J. A., … Greene, H. W. (2006). Pleistocene rewilding: An optimistic agenda for twenty-first century conservation. The American Naturalist, 168(5), 660–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donlan, J., Greene, H. W., Berger, J., Bock, C. E., Bock, J. H., Burney, D. A., … Soulé, M. E. (2005). Re-wilding North America. Nature, 436, 913–914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escalante-Pliego, P., Arias-Montero, A., Cortez-Contreras, E., Cantú-Guzmán, J. C., & Rodríguez-Mouriño, C. M. (2019). Slow but sure assimilation to culture and ecotourism of reintroduced scarlet macaws in Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico. Journal of Ecotourism, doi: 10.1080/14724049.2019.1604716
   Google Scholar
• Falcón, W., & Hansen, D. M. (2018). Island rewilding with giant tortoises in an era of climate change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 373(1761), 20170442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman, J. W. (2011). A storied wilderness: Rewilding the Apostle Islands. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fletcher, R. (2019). Ecotourism after nature: Anthropocene tourism as a new capitalist “fix”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(4), 522–535.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foreman, D. (1999). The wildlands project and the rewilding of North America. Denver University Law Review, 76, 535–553.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foreman, D. (2004). Rewilding North America: A vision for conservation in the 21st century. Washington, DC: Island Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, C. (2009). Rewilding the world: Dispatches from the conservation revolution. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books.
   Google Scholar
• Gammon, A. R. (2018). The many meanings of rewilding: An introduction and the case for a broad conceptualisation. Environmental Values, 27(4), 331–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillson, L., Ladle, R. J., & Araújo, M. B. (2011). Baselines, patterns and process. In R. J. Ladle & R. J. Whittaker (Eds.), Conservation biogeography (pp. 31–44). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Götmark, F. (2013). Habitat management alternatives for conservation forests in the temperate zone: Review, synthesis, and implications. Forest Ecology and Management, 306, 292–307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths, C. J., Hansen, D. M., Jones, C. G., Zuel, N., & Harris, S. (2011). Resurrecting extinct interactions with extant substitutes. Current Biology, 21, 762–765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, C. M. (2013). The ecological and environmental significance of urban wastelands and drosscapes. In M. J. Zapata Campos & C. M. Hall (Eds.), Organising waste in the city. International perspectives on narratives and practices (pp. 21–39). Bristol: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, C. M. (2015). Tourism and biological exchange and invasions: A missing dimension in sustainable tourism? Tourism Recreation Research, 40(1), 81–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, C. M. (2016). Loving nature to death: Tourism consumption, biodiversity loss and the Anthropocene. In M. Gren & E. H. Huijbens (Eds.), Tourism and the anthropocene (pp. 52–73). Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, C. M., & Page, S. (2014). The geography of tourism and recreation (4th ed.). Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, D. M., Donlan, C. J., Griffiths, C. J., & Campbell, K. J. (2010). Ecological history and latent conservation potential: Large and giant tortoises as a model for taxon substitutions. Ecography, 33(2), 272–284.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, D. M., Kaiser, C. N., & Muller, C. B. (2008). Seed dispersal and establishment of endangered plants on oceanic islands: The Janzen-Connell model, and the use of ecological analogues. PLoS ONE, 3(5), e2111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayward, M. W., Scanlon, R. J., Callen, A., Howell, L. G., Klop-Toker, K. L., Di Blanco, Y., … Weise, F. J. (2019). Reintroducing rewilding to restoration – rejecting the search for novelty. Biological Conservation, 233, 255–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hearn, R., Watkins, C., & Balzaretti, R. (2014). The cultural and land use implications of the reappearance of the wild boar in North West Italy: A case study of the Val di Vara. Journal of Rural Studies, 36, 52–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hintz, J. (2007). Some political problems for rewilding nature. Ethics, Place & Environment, 10(2), 177–216.
   Google Scholar
• Höchtl, F., Lehringer, S., & Konold, W. (2005). “Wilderness”: What it means when it becomes a reality—a case study from the southwestern Alps. Landscape and Urban Planning, 70, 85–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoogendoorn, G., Meintjes, D., Kelso, C., & Fitchett, J. (2018). Tourism as an incentive for rewilding: The conversion from cattle to game farms in Limpopo province, South Africa. Journal of Ecotourism, doi: 10.1080/14724049.2018.1502297
   Google Scholar
• Hwang, Y. H., Yue, Z. E. J., Ling, S. K., & Tan, H. H. V. (2019). It’s ok to be wilder: Preference for natural growth in urban green spaces in a tropical city. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 38, 165–176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, L. L., Lopoukhine, N., & Hillyard, D. (1995). Ecological restoration: A definition and comments. Restoration Ecology, 3(2), 71–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jepson, P. (2019). Recoverable Earth: A twenty-first century environmental narrative. Ambio, 48(2), 123–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jepson, P., Schepers, F., & Helmer, W. (2018). Governing with nature: A European perspective on putting rewilding principles into practice. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 373, 20170434. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji, S. N., Yang, L. L., Ge, X. F., Wang, B. J., Cao, J., & Hu, D. F. (2013). Behavioural and physiological stress responses to transportation in a group of Przewalski’s horses (Equus ferus przewalskii). Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 23, 1077–1084.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jørgensen, D. (2015). Rethinking rewilding. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, 65, 482–488.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaae, B. C., Holm, J., Caspersen, O. H., & Gulsrud, N. M. (2019). Nature Park Amager–examining the transition from urban wasteland to a rewilded ecotourism destination. Journal of Ecotourism, doi: 10.1080/14724049.2019.1601729
   Google Scholar
• Kahn, P. H. Jr., & Hasbach, P. H. (2013). The rewilding of the human species. In P. H. Kahn Jr. & P. H. Hasbach (Eds.), The rediscovery of the wild (pp. 207–232). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Keulartz, J. (2012). The emergence of enlightened anthropocentrism in ecological restoration. Nature and Culture, 7, 48–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kintisch, E. (2015). Born to rewild. Science, 350(6265), 1148–1151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koninx, F. (2018). Ecotourism and rewilding: The case of Swedish Lapland. Journal of Ecotourism, doi: 10.1080/14724049.2018.1538227
   Google Scholar
• Kowarik, I. (2018). Urban wilderness: Supply, demand, and access. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 29, 336–347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuemmerle, T., Hostert, P., Radeloff, V. C., van der Linden, S., Perzanowski, K., & Kruhlov, I. (2008). Cross-border comparison of post-socialist farmland abandonment in the Carpathians. Ecosystems, 11, 614–628.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamb, D. (2018). Undertaking large-scale forest restoration to generate ecosystem services. Restoration Ecology, 26(4), 657–666.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawton, G. (2019). All hail the urban jungle. New Scientist, 243(3239), 24.
   Google Scholar
• Lorimer, J., & Driessen, C. (2013). Bovine biopolitics and the promise of monsters in the rewilding of Heck cattle. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, 48, 249–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorimer, J., & Driessen, C. (2016). From “nazi cows” to cosmopolitan “ecological engineers”: specifying rewilding through a history of Heck cattle. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106(3), 631–652.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorimer, J., Sandom, C., Jepson, P., Doughty, C., Barua, M., & Kirby, K. J. (2015). Rewilding: Science, practice, and politics. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 40(1), 39–62.
   Google Scholar
• Maller, C., & Farahani, L. (2018). Snakes in the city: Understanding urban residents’ responses to greening interventions for biodiversity. In State of Australian cities national conference (SOAC 2017) (pp. 1–10). Adelaide, South Australia: Australian Cities Research Network.
   Google Scholar
• Manning, A., Gordon, I., & Ripple, W. (2009). Restoring landscapes of fear with wolves in the Scottish Highlands. Biological Conservation, 142(10), 2314–2321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansourian, S. (2018). In the eye of the beholder: Reconciling interpretations of forest landscape restoration. Land Degradation & Development, 29(9), 2888–2898.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, P. S. (2005). Twilight of the mammoths: Ice age extinctions and the rewilding of America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Merchant, C. (2003). Reinventing Eden: The fate of nature in Western culture. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, J. G., Weinstein, P., Gellie, N. J., Weyrich, L. S., Lowe, A. J., & Breed, M. F. (2017). Urban habitat restoration provides a human health benefit through microbiome rewilding: The microbiome rewilding hypothesis. Restoration Ecology, 25(6), 866–872.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monbiot, G. (2014). Feral: Rewilding the land, the sea, and human life. Chicago, MI: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Müller, A., Bøcher, P. K., Fischer, C., & Svenning, J. C. (2018). ‘Wild’ in the city context: Do relative wild areas offer opportunities for urban biodiversity? Landscape and Urban Planning, 170, 256–265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro, L. M., & Pereira, H. M. (2012). Rewilding abandoned landscapes in Europe. Ecosystems, 15, 900–912.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro, L. M., & Pereira, H. M. (2015). Rewilding abandoned landscapes in Europe. In H. M. Pereira & L. M. Navarro (Eds.), Rewilding European landscapes (pp. 3–23). Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Nejman, R., Łepkowski, M., Wilczyńska, A., & Gawryszewska, B. J. (2018). The right to wild. Green urban wasteland in the context of urban planning. Urban Development Issues, 59(1), 43–53.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, M. P., & Callicott, J. B. (Eds.). (2008). The wilderness debate rages on: Continuing the great new wilderness debate. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Noss, R. F. (2003). A checklist for wildlands network designs. Conservation Biology, 17, 1270–1275.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olwig, K. R. (2016). Virtual enclosure, ecosystem services, landscape’s character and the ‘rewilding’ of the commons: The ‘lake district’ case. Landscape Research, 41(2), 253–264.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellis, A. (2019). Reality effects of conflict avoidance in rewilding and ecotourism practices – the case of Western Iberia. Journal of Ecotourism, doi: 10.1080/14724049.2019.1579824
   Google Scholar
• Perino, A., Pereira, H. M., Navarro, L. M., Fernández, N., Bullock, J. M., Ceaușu, S., … Wheeler, H. C. (2019). Rewilding complex ecosystems. Science, 364(6438), doi: 10.1126/science.aav5570
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettorelli, N., Barlow, J., Stephens, P. A., Durant, S. M., Connor, B., Schulte to Bühne, H., … du Toit, J. T. (2018). Making rewilding fit for policy. Journal of Applied Ecology, 55(3), 1114–1125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettorelli, N., Durant, S. M., & du Toit, J. T. (Eds.). (2019). Rewilding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pinto, A. G. (2017). Towards a rewilding of the ear. Organised Sound, 22(1), 51–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pope, M. (2014). The Earth is full of your creatures. Journal of Ecotheology, 1, 65–76.
   Google Scholar
• Prior, J., & Brady, E. (2017). Environmental aesthetics and rewilding. Environmental Values, 26(1), 31–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prior, J., & Ward, K. J. (2016). Rethinking rewilding: A response to Jørgensen. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences, 69, 132–135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Procter, E. (2014). Rewilding: An alternative view. Landscapes, 15(1), 77–81.
   Google Scholar
• Qi, W., Li, H., Zhang, Q., & Zhang, K. (2019). Forest restoration efforts drive changes in land-use/land-cover and water-related ecosystem services in China’s Han River basin. Ecological Engineering, 126, 64–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond, D. J., Sinding, M. H. S., & Gilbert, M. T. P. (2016). The potential and pitfalls of de-extinction. Zoologica Scripta, 45, 22–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupprecht, C. D., Byrne, J. A., Garden, J. G., & Hero, J. M. (2015). Informal urban green space: A trilingual systematic review of its role for biodiversity and trends in the literature. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 14(4), 883–908.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupprecht, C. D., Byrne, J. A., Ueda, H., & Lo, A. Y. (2015). ‘It's real, not fake like a park’: Residents’ perception and use of informal urban green-space in Brisbane, Australia and Sapporo, Japan. Landscape and Urban Planning, 143, 205–218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saarinen, J. (2016). Wilderness use, conservation and tourism: What do we protect and for and from whom? Tourism Geographies, 18(1), 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saarinen, J. (2019). What are wilderness areas for? Tourism and political ecologies of wilderness uses and management in the Anthropocene. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(4), 472–487.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sæþórsdóttir, A. D., & Hall, C. M. (2019). Contested development paths and rural communities: Sustainable energy or sustainable tourism in Iceland? Sustainability, 11(13), 3642.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soulé, M., & Noss, R. (1998). Rewilding and biodiversity: Complementary goals for continental conservation. Wild Earth, 8(Fall), 1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Stanley Price, M. R. (2011). Re-introductions in today’s Arabian Peninsula: The first steps for a grander vision? Zoology in the Middle East, 54(sup3), 159–167.
   Google Scholar
• Svenning, J. C., Pedersen, P. B., Donlan, C. J., Ejrnæs, R., Faurby, S., Galetti, M., … Vera, F. W. (2016). Science for a wilder Anthropocene: Synthesis and future directions for trophic rewilding research. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(4), 898–906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweeney, O. F., Turnbull, J., Jones, M., Letnic, M., Newsome, T. M., & Sharp, A. (2019). An Australian perspective on rewilding. Conservation Biology, doi: 10.1111/cobi.13280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanasescu, M. (2017). Field notes on the meaning of rewilding. Ethics, Policy & Environment, 20(3), 333–349.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Threlfall, C. G., & Kendal, D. (2018). The distinct ecological and social roles that wild spaces play in urban ecosystems. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 29, 348–356.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tree, I. (2017). The Knepp wildland project. Biodiversity, 18(4), 206–209.
   Google Scholar
• Vasile, M. (2018). The vulnerable bison: Practices and meanings of rewilding in the Romanian Carpathians. Conservation and Society, 16(3), 217–231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vera, F. W. M. (2009). Large-scale nature development—the Oostvaardersplassen. British Wildlife, 20(5), 28–36.
   Google Scholar
• Von Essen, E., & Allen, M. P. (2015). Wild-but-not-too-wild animals: Challenging goldilocks standards in rewilding. Between the Species, 19(1), 80–108.
   Google Scholar
• Whittle, P. M., Stewart, E. J., & Fisher, D. (2015). Re-creation tourism: De-extinction and its implications for nature-based recreation. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(10), 908–912.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf, C., & Ripple, W. J. (2018). Rewilding the world's large carnivores. Royal Society Open Science, 5(3), 172235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, J. R., Alcover, J. A., Blackburn, T. M., Bover, P., Duncan, R. P., Hume, J. P., … Wilmshurst, J. M. (2017). Island extinctions: Processes, patterns, and potential for ecosystem restoration. Environmental Conservation, 44(4), 348–358.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamboni, T., Di Martino, S., & Jiménez-Pérez, I. (2017). A review of a multispecies reintroduction to restore a large ecosystem: The Iberá rewilding program (Argentina). Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation, 15(4), 248–256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, W., Beauchamp, G., Jiang, X., Li, Z., & Yang, Q. (2013). Determinants of vigilance in a reintroduced population of Père David’s deer. Current Zoology, 59, 265–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• zu Ermgassen, S. O. S. E., McKenna, T., Gordon, J., & Willcock, S. (2018). Ecosystem service responses to rewilding: First-order estimates from 27 years of rewilding in the Scottish Highlands. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management, 14(1), 165–178.
   Google Scholar