Bounded at the driveway’s edge: body-space tensions encountered by children with mobility impairments in moving about the neighbourhood street

References

• Allen, C. 2004. “Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology and the Body-in-Space Encounters of Visually Impaired Children.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 22: 719–735.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antle, B. J. 2004. “Factors Associated with Self-worth in Young People with Physical Disabilities.” Health and Social Work 29 (3): 167–175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee, T., J. Uhm, and D. Bahl. 2014. “Walking to School: The Experience of Children in Inner City Los Angeles and Implications for Policy.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 34 (2): 123–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker, J., P. Kraftl, J. Horton, and F. Tucker. 2009. “The Road Less Travelled – New Directions in Children's and Young People's Mobility.” Mobilities 4 (1): 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beazley, H. 2003. “Voices from the Margins: Street Children's Subcultures in Indonesia.” Children's Geographies 1 (2): 181–200.
   Google Scholar
• Boys, J. 2014. Doing Disability Differently: An Alternative Handbook on Architecture, Dis/ability and Designing for Everyday Life. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, B., R. Mackett, Y. Gong, K. Kitazawa, and P. Paskins. 2008. “Gender Differences in Children's Pathways to Independent Mobility.” Children's Geographies 6 (4): 385–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, F. 2009. Contours of Ableism: The Production of Disability and Abledness. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Carver, A., A. F. Timperio, and D. A. Crawford. 2012. “Young and Free? A Study of Independent Mobility among Urban and Rural Dwelling Australian Children.” Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 15 (6): 505–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chouinard, V. 1997. “Making Space for Disabling Differences: Challenging Ablest Geographies.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 15: 379–387.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen, P., and M. O’Brien, eds. 2003. Children in the City: Home, Neighbourhood and Community. London: RoutledgeFalmer.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, P., J. A. Ailshire, M. Bader, J. D. Morenoff, and J. S. House. 2008. “Mobility Disability and the Urban Built Environment.” American Journal of Epidemiology 168 (5): 506–513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. 2006. (United Nations). Accessed July 1 2018. http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/disabilities-convention.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Convention on the Rights of the Child. 1989. (United Nations). Accessed July 1 2018. http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Curran, T., and K. Runswick-Cole, eds. 2013. Disabled Children's Childhood Studies: Critical Approaches in a Global Context. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Dahlberg, K., H. Dahlberg, and M. Nyström. 2008. Reflective Lifeworld Research. Lund: Studentlitteratur AB.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, J., N. Watson, and S. Cunningham-Burley. 2008. “Disabled Children, Ethnography and Unspoken Understandings: The Collaborative Construction of Diverse Identities.” In Research with Children Perspectives and Practices, edited by P. Christensen and A. James, 2nd ed., 220–238. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Disability Discrimination Act. 1992. (Cwlth). Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service. http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/C2013C00022.
   Google Scholar
• Dovey, K. 2008. Framing Places: Mediating Power in Built Form. 2nd ed. Oxford: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Dyck, I. 2005. “Feminist Geography, the ‘Everyday’, and Local–Global Relations: Hidden Spaces of Place-making.” The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe Canadien 49 (3): 233–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis, G., R. Hunter, M. A. Tully, M. Donnelly, L. Kelleher, and F. Kee. 2016. “Connectivity and Physical Activity: Using Footpath Networks to Measure the Walkability of Built Environments.” Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 43: 130–151.
   Google Scholar
• Evans, S., C. Neophytou, L. de Souza, and A. O. Frank. 2007. “Young People's Experiences Using Electric Powered Indoor - Outdoor Wheelchairs (EPIOCs): Potential for Enhancing Users’ Development?” Disability and Rehabilitation 29 (16): 1281–1294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman, C., and P. Tranter. 2012. Children and their Urban Environment: Changing Worlds. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Gallimore, J. M., B. B. Brown, and C. M. Werner. 2011. “Walking Routes to School in New Urban and Suburban Neighbourhoods: An Environmental Walkability Analysis of Blocks and Routes.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 31 (2): 184–191.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaster, S. 1991. “Urban Children’s Access to their Neighbourhood: Changes over Three Generations.” Environment and Behavior 23: 70–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles-Corti, B., G. Wood, T. J. Pikora, V. B. Learnihan, M. Bulsara, K. P. Van Niel, A. Timperio, G. R. McCormack, and K. P. Villanueva. 2011. “School Site and the Potential to Walk to School: The Impact of Street Connectivity and Traffic Exposure in School Neighborhoods.” Health and Place 17 (2): 545–550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gleeson, B. 2001. “Disability and the Open City.” Urban Studies 38 (2): 251–265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gleeson, B., and N. Sipe, eds. 2006. Creating Child Friendly Cities: Reinstating Kids in the City. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Goodley, D. 2014. Dis/ability Studies: Theorising Disablism and Ableism. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gough, K. V., and M. Franch. 2005. “Spaces of the Street: Socio-spatial Mobility and Exclusion of Youth in Recife.” Children's Geographies 3 (2): 149–166.
   Google Scholar
• Graue, M. E., and D. J. Walsh. 1998. Studying Context. Theories, Methods, and Ethics. CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hammal, D., S. N. Jarvis, and A. F. Clover. 2004. “Participation of Children with Cerebral Palsy is Influenced by Where they Live.” Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 46: 292–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodge, N., and K. Runswick-cole. 2013. ‘They Never Pass me the Ball’: Exposing Ableism Through the Leisure Experiences of Disabled Children, Young People and their Families. Children’s Geographies 11 (3): 311–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt, L. 2004. “The ‘Voices’ of Children: De-centring Empowering Research Relations.” Children’s Geographies 2 (1): 13–27.
   Google Scholar
• Horton, J., P. Christensen, P. Kraftl, and S. Hadfield-Hill. 2014. “‘Walking … Just Walking’: How Children and Young People's Everyday Pedestrian Practices Matter.” Social and Cultural Geography 15 (1): 94–115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horton, J., and P. Kraftl, 2006. “What else? Some more Ways of Thinking and Doing ‘Children’s Geographies’.” Children’s Geographies 4 (1): 69–95.
   Google Scholar
• Hughes, B., and K. Paterson. 1997. “The Social Model of Disability and the Disappearing Body: Towards a Sociology of Impairment.” Disability and Society 12 (3): 325–340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes, B., R. Russell, and K. Patterson. 2005. “Nothing to be had ‘Off the Peg’: Consumption, Identity and the Immobilisation of Young Disabled People.” Disability and Society 20 (1): 3–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imrie, R. 2003. “Architects' Conceptions of the Human Body.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 21: 47–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imrie, R. 2012. “Universalism, Universal Design and Equitable Access to the Built Environment.” Disability and Rehabilitation 34 (10): 873–882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam, M., R. Moore, and N. Cosco. 2016. “Child-friendly, Active, Healthy Neighbourhoods: Physical Characteristics and Children's Time Outdoors.” Environment and Behavior 48 (5): 711–736.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, M. 2007. The Meaning of the Body. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Karsten, L. 2005. “It All Used to be Better? Different Generations on Continuity and Change in Urban Children's Daily Use of Space.” Children's Geographies 3 (3): 275–290.
   Google Scholar
• Kirk, J., and M. Miller. 1986. Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research: Qualitative Research Methods Series 1. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, K. 1977. Growing Up in Cities: Studies of Spatial Environment of Adolescence in Cracow, Melbourne, Mexico City, Salta, Toluca, and Warszawa. Paris: MIT. Massachusetts: UNESCO.
   Google Scholar
• Mackenzie, C., and J. L. Scully. 2007. “Moral Imagination, Disability and Embodiment.” Journal of Applied Philosophy 24 (4): 335–351.
   Google Scholar
• McMillan, T. E. 2007. “The Relative Influence of Urban Form on a Child’s Travel Mode to School.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 41 (1): 69–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merleau-Ponty, M. 1945. /2012. Phenomenology of Perception. Translated by D. A. Landes, Reprint ed. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Middleton, J. 2011. “‘I’m on Autopilot, I Just Follow the Route’: Exploring the Habits, Routines, and Decision-Making Practices of Everyday Urban Mobilities.” Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 43 (12): 2857–2877.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, S. A., L. Melchior, and J. M. Davis. 2008. “‘Me and the 5 P's': Negotiating Rights-Based Critical Disabilities Studies and Social Inclusion.” The International Journal of Children's Rights 16 (2): 249–262.
   Google Scholar
• Mortier, K., L. Desimpel, E. De Schauwer, and G. Van Hove. 2011. “‘I Want Support, Not Comments': Children's Perspectives on Supports in Their Life.” Disability & Society 26 (2): 207–221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinkster, F. M., and J. Droogleever Fortuijn. 2009. “Watch Out for the Neighbourhood Trap! A Case Study on Parental Perceptions of and Strategies to Counter Risks for Children in a Disadvantaged Neighbourhood.” Children's Geographies 7 (3): 323–337.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pyer, M., J. Horton, F. Tucker, S. Ryan, and P. Kraftl. 2010. “Editorial: Children, Young People and ‘Disability’: Challenging Children’s Geographies?” Children’s Geographies 8 (1): 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross, T., and R. Buliung. 2018. “A Systematic Review of Disability’s Treatment in the Active School Travel and Children’s Independent Mobility Literatures.” Transport Reviews 38 (3): 349–371.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, P. 2003. “‘Access and Achievement or Social Exclusion?’ Are the Governments Working for Disabled Children and their Families.” Children & Society 17: 215–225.
   Google Scholar
• Seamon, D. 2000. Phenomenology, Place, Environment, and Architecture: A Review. http://www.arch.ksu.edu/seamon/Seamon_reviewEAP.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Seamon, D. 2002. “Physical Comminglings: Body, Habit, and Space Transformed into Place.” OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health 22: 42S–51S.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, V., and A. Ghai. 2009. “Notions of Self: Lived Realities of Children with Disabilities.” Disability & Society 24 (2): 129–145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon-Rice, P., and G. Soto. 2011. “Co-construction as a Facilitative Factor in Supporting the Personal Narratives of Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication.” Communication Disorders Quarterly 32 (2): 70–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spilsbury, J. C. 2005. “‘We Don't Really Get to Go Out in the Front Yard’—Children's Home Range and Neighborhood Violence.” Children's Geographies 3 (1): 79–99.
   Google Scholar
• Stafford, L. 2014. “Journey of Becoming Involved in Urban Spaces by Children with Diverse Mobility.” In Body Tensions: Beyond Corporeality in Time and Space, edited by K. Buccieri, 97–120. Oxford: Interdisciplinary net. ISBN: 978-1-84888-286-7.
   Google Scholar
• Stafford, L. 2017. “What About My Voice? Emancipating the Voices of Children with Diverse Abilities through Participant-centred Methods.” Children’s Geography 15 (5): 600–613. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14733285.2017.1295134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stafford, L., and C. Baldwin. 2018. “Planning Walkable Neighbourhoods: Are We Overlooking Diversity in Abilities and Ages?” Planning Literature 33 (1): 17–30. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0885412217704649?journalCode=jplb.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephens, L., K. Spalding, H. Aslam, H. Scott, S. Ruddick, N. L. Young, and P. McKeever. 2017. “Inaccessible Childhoods: Evaluating Accessibility in Homes, Schools and Neighbourhoods with Disabled Children.” Children's Geographies 15 (5): 583–599.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, S. P. 2005. “Through the Lens of Merleau-Ponty: Advancing the Phenomenological Approach to Nursing Research.” Nursing Philosophy 6: 63–76.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tranter, P. 2006. “Overcoming Social Traps: A Key to Creating Child Friendly Cities.” In Creating Child Friendly Cities: Reinstating Kids in the City, edited by B. Gleeson, and N. Sipe, 121–135. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Tucker, F. 2003. “Sameness or Difference? Exploring Girls’ use of Recreational Spaces.” Children’s Geographies 1 (1): 111–124.
   Google Scholar
• Valentine, G., and T. Skelton. 2003. “Living on the Edge: The Marginalisation and ‘Resistance’ of D/Deaf Youth.” Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35: 301–321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentine, G., and T. Skelton. 2007. “Re-Defining ‘Norms’: D/Deaf Young People's Transitions to Independence.” The Sociological Review 55 (1): 104–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Manen, M. 1990. Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for Action Sensitive Pedagogy. Albany, NY: State University of New York.
   Google Scholar
• Villanueva, K., B. Giles-Corti, M. Bulsara, G. Trapp, A. Timperio, G. McCormack, and K. Van Niel. 2014. “Does the Walkability of Neighbourhoods Affect Children's Independent Mobility, Independent of Parental, Socio-Cultural and Individual Factors?” Children's Geographies 12 (4): 393–411.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolbring, G. 2008. “The Politics of Ableism.” Dialogue 51: 252–258.
   Google Scholar