Endoscopic surveillance of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel diseases: a review of the literature

References

• Global Burden of Disease Cancer C, Fitzmaurice C, Dicker D, et al. The global burden of cancer 2013. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(4):505–527. PMID: 26181261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoivik ML, Moum B, Solberg IC, et al. Work disability in inflammatory bowel disease patients 10 years after disease onset: results from the IBSEN study. Gut. 2013 Mar;62(3):368–375. PMID: 22717453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magro F, Gionchetti P, Eliakim R, et al. Third European evidence-based consensus on diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis. part 1: definitions, diagnosis, extra-intestinal manifestations, pregnancy, cancer surveillance, surgery, and ileo-anal pouch disorders. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2017 June 1;11(6):649–670. PMID: 28158501.
   Google Scholar
• Cosnes J, Gower-Rousseau C, Seksik P, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology. 2011 May;140(6):1785–1794. PMID: 21530745.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen RD, Yu AP, Wu EQ, et al. Systematic review: the costs of ulcerative colitis in Western countries. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Apr;31(7):693–707. PMID: 20064142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jess T, Rungoe C, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012 June;10(6):639–645. PMID: 22289873.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colman RJ, Rubin DT. Histological inflammation increases the risk of colorectal neoplasia in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review. Intest Res. 2016 July;14(3):202–210. PMID: 27433141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flores BM, O’Connor A, Moss AC. Impact of mucosal inflammation on risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2017 Dec;86(6):1006–1011.e8, PMID: 28750838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng HH, Jiang XL. Increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis of 16 observational studies. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Apr;28(4):383–390. PMID: 26938805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jess T, Gamborg M, Matzen P, et al. Increased risk of intestinal cancer in Crohn’s disease: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec;100(12):2724–2729. PMID: 16393226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mowat C, Cole A, Windsor A, et al. Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2011 May;60(5):571–607. PMID: 21464096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farraye FA, Odze RD, Eaden J, et al. AGA technical review on the diagnosis and management of colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2010 Feb;138(2):746–74, 774.e1-4; quiz e12-3. PMID: 20141809.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Itzkowitz SH, Present DH. Consensus conference: colorectal cancer screening and surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2005 Mar;11(3):314–321. PMID: 15735438.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin DT, Ananthakrishnan AN, Siegel CA, et al. ACG clinical guideline: ulcerative colitis in adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019 Mar;114(3):384–413. PMID: 30840605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shergill AK, Lightdale JR, Bruining DH, et al. The role of endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 May;81(5):1101–21.e1-13. PMID: 25800660.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cairns SR, Scholefield JH, Steele RJ, et al. Guidelines for colorectal cancer screening and surveillance in moderate and high risk groups (update from 2002). Gut. 2010 May;59(5):666–689. PMID: 20427401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centre for Clinical Practice at N. National institute for health and clinical excellence: guidance. colonoscopic surveillance for prevention of colorectal cancer in people with ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease or adenomas. London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (UK), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence; 2011 [cited 2020 May 15]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk
   Google Scholar
• Bell C, et al. Cancer Council Australia Colonoscopy Surveillance Working Party. Clinical practice guidelines for Surveillance Colonoscopy—in adenoma follow-up; following curative resection of colorectal cancer; and for cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease. Sydney, Australia: Cancer Council Australia. p. 48–62; 2011 Dec [cited 2020 May 15]. Available from: https://wiki.cancer.org.au
   Google Scholar
• Kameyama H, Nagahashi M, Shimada Y, et al. Genomic characterization of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. World J Surg Oncol. 2018;16(1):121. PMID: 29966533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maida M, Macaluso FS, Ianiro G, et al. Screening of colorectal cancer: present and future. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2017;17(12):1131–1146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robles AI, Traverso G, Zhang M, et al. Whole-exome sequencing analyses of inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancers. Gastroenterology. 2016 Apr;150(4):931–943. PMID: 26764183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grivennikov SI, Cominelli F. Colitis-associated and sporadic colon cancers: different diseases, different mutations? Gastroenterology. 2016 Apr;150(4):808–810. PMID: 26924087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaeger R, Shah MA, Miller VA, et al. Genomic alterations observed in colitis-associated cancers are distinct from those found in sporadic colorectal cancers and vary by type of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2016 Aug;151(2):278–287.e6. PMID: 27063727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bressenot A, Cahn V, Danese S, et al. Microscopic features of colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Mar 28;20(12):3164–3172. PMID: 24696602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller DS, Windsor A, Cohen R, et al. Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: review of the evidence. Tech Coloproctol. 2019 Jan;23(1):3–13. PMID: 30701345.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogura Y, Bonen DK, Inohara N, et al. A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn’s disease. Nature. 2001 May 31;411(6837):603–606. PMID: 11385577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang M, Martin A. Microbiome and colorectal cancer: unraveling host-microbiota interactions in colitis-associated colorectal cancer development. Semin Immunol. 2017 Aug;32:3–13. PubMed PMID: 28465070; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCoy AN, Araújo-Pérez F, Azcárate-Peril A, et al. Fusobacterium is associated with colorectal adenomas. PloS One. 2013;8(1):e53653. PubMed PMID: 23335968; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3546075. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan AA, Khan Z, Malik A, et al. Colorectal cancer-inflammatory bowel disease nexus and felony of Escherichia coli. Life Sci. 2017 July 1;180:60–67. PubMed PMID: 28506682; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinagra E, Tomasello G, Raimondo D, et al. Advanced endoscopic imaging for surveillance for dysplasia and colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: could the pathologist be further helped? Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jan-Feb;20(1):26–38. PubMed PMID: 24496155; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3952417. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munkholm P, Loftus Jr. EV Jr., Reinacher-Schick A, et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: value of screening and 5-aminosalicylates. Digestion. 2006;73(1):11–19. PMID: 16410688.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrinton LJ, Liu L, Levin TR, et al. Incidence and mortality of colorectal adenocarcinoma in persons with inflammatory bowel disease from 1998 to 2010. Gastroenterology. 2012 Aug;143(2):382–389. PMID: 22609382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hrabe JE, Byrn JC, Button AM, et al. A matched case-control study of IBD-associated colorectal cancer: IBD portends worse outcome. J Surg Oncol. 2014 Feb;109(2):117–121. PMID: 24132737.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali RA, Dooley C, Comber H, et al. Clinical features, treatment, and survival of patients with colorectal cancer with or without inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 July 9;7:584–9.e1-2. PMID: 21565283.
   Google Scholar
• Lutgens MW, van Oijen MG, van der Heijden GJ, et al. Declining risk of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: an updated meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Mar-Apr;19(4):789–799. PMID: 23448792.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biancone L, Armuzzi A, Scribano ML, et al. Cancer risk in inflammatory bowel disease: a 6-year prospective multicenter nested case-control IG-IBD study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2020;26(3):450‐459.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velayos FS, Terdiman JP, Walsh JM. Effect of 5-aminosalicylate use on colorectal cancer and dysplasia risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of observational studies. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 June;100(6):1345–1353. PMID: 15929768.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi CH, Rutter MD, Askari A, et al. Forty-year analysis of colonoscopic surveillance program for neoplasia in ulcerative colitis: an updated overview. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015 July;110(7):1022–1034. PMID: 25823771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonovas S, Fiorino G, Lytras T, et al. Systematic review with meta-analysis: use of 5-aminosalicylates and risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 May;45(9):1179–1192. PMID: 28261835.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrat F, Seksik P, Colombel JF, et al. The effects of aminosalicylates or thiopurines on the risk of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Feb;45(4):533–541. PMID: 27995656.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castaño-Milla C, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the declining risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Apr;39(7):645–659. PMID: 24612141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jess T, Simonsen J, Jørgensen KT, et al. Decreasing risk of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease over 30 years. Gastroenterology. 2012 Aug;143(2):375–81.e1; quiz e13-4. PMID: 22522090.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaugerie L, Itzkowitz SH. Cancers complicating inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med. 2015 Apr 9;372(15):1441–1452. PMID: 25853748.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalla R, Ventham NT, Satsangi J, et al. Crohn’s disease. BMJ (Clin Res Ed). 2014 Nov 19;349:g6670. PMID: 25409896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewénius J, Adnerhill I, Anderson H, et al. Incidence of colorectal cancer and all cause mortality in non-selected patients with ulcerative colitis and indeterminate colitis in Malmö, Sweden. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1995;10(2):117–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Söderlund S, Granath F, Broström O, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease confers a lower risk of colorectal cancer to females than to males. Gastroenterology. 2010 May;138(5):1697–1703. PMID: 20167217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullman TA. Inflammatory bowel disease-associated cancers: does gender change incidence? Gastroenterology. 2010 May;138(5):1658–1660. PMID: 20332045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuako KW, Ahlquist DA, Mahoney DW, et al. Familial predisposition for colorectal cancer in chronic ulcerative colitis: a case-control study. Gastroenterology. 1998 Nov;115(5):1079–1083. PMID: 9797361.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Askling J, Dickman PW, Karlén P, et al. Family history as a risk factor for colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2001 May;120(6):1356–1362. PMID: 11313305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter MD, Saunders BP, Wilkinson KH, et al. Cancer surveillance in longstanding ulcerative colitis: endoscopic appearances help predict cancer risk. Gut. 2004 Dec;53(12):1813–1816. PMID: 15542520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velayos FS, Loftus EV Jr., Jess T, et al. Predictive and protective factors associated with colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: a case-control study. Gastroenterology. 2006 June;130(7):1941–1949. PMID: 16762617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekbom A, Helmick C, Zack M, et al. Ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. A population-based study. N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 1;323(18):1228–1233. PMID: 2215606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaden JA, Abrams KR, Mayberry JF. The risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Gut. 2001 Apr;48(4):526–535. PMID: 11247898.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heuschen UA, Hinz U, Allemeyer EH, et al. Backwash ileitis is strongly associated with colorectal carcinoma in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 2001 Mar;120(4):841–847. PMID: 11231938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dendrinos K, Cerda S, Farraye FA. The “cecal patch” in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008 Nov;68(5):1006–7;discussion 1007. PubMed PMID: 18620347; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaugerie L, Svrcek M, Seksik P, et al. Risk of colorectal high-grade dysplasia and cancer in a prospective observational cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2013 July;145(1):166–175.e8. PMID: 23541909.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenstein AJ, Sachar DB, Smith H, et al. Cancer in universal and left-sided ulcerative colitis: factors determining risk. Gastroenterology. 1979 Aug;77(2):290–294. PMID: 447042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langholz E, Munkholm P, Davidsen M, et al. Changes in extent of ulcerative colitis: a study on the course and prognostic factors. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1996 Mar;31(3):260–266. PMID: 8833356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meucci G, Vecchi M, Astegiano M, et al. The natural history of ulcerative proctitis: a multicenter, retrospective study. Gruppo di Studio per le Malattie Infiammatorie Intestinali (GSMII). Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Feb;95(2):469–473. PMID: 10685752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soetikno RM, Lin OS, Heidenreich PA, et al. Increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002 July;56(1):48–54. PMID: 12085034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bleday R, Lee E, Jessurun J, et al. Increased risk of early colorectal neoplasms after hepatic transplant in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Dis Colon Rectum. 1993 Oct;36(10):908–912. PMID: 8404380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higashi H, Yanaga K, Marsh JW, et al. Development of colon cancer after liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with ulcerative colitis. Hepatology. 1990 Mar;11(3):477–480. PMID: 2312061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loftus EV Jr., Aguilar HI, Sandborn WJ, et al. Risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis following orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1998 Mar;27(3):685–690. PMID: 9500695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ananthakrishnan AN, Cagan A, Gainer VS, et al. Mortality and extraintestinal cancers in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2014;8(9):956–963. PMID: 24559536.
   Google Scholar
• Torres J, Pineton de Chambrun G, Itzkowitz S, et al. Review article: colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Sept;34(5):497–508. PMID: 21692821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin DT, Huo D, Kinnucan JA, et al. Inflammation is an independent risk factor for colonic neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis: a case-control study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Dec;11(12):1601–8.e1-4. PMID: 23872237.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lashner BA, Turner BC, Bostwick DG, et al. Dysplasia and cancer complicating strictures in ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci. 1990 Mar;35(3):349–352. PMID: 2307080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiser JR, Waye JD, Janowitz HD, et al. Adenocarcinoma in strictures of ulcerative colitis without antecedent dysplasia by colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 1994 Jan;89(1):119–122. PMID: 8273779.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekbom A, Helmick C, Zack M, et al. Increased risk of large-bowel cancer in Crohn’s disease with colonic involvement. Lancet. 1990 Aug 11;336(8711):357–359. PMID: 1975343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canavan C, Abrams KR, Mayberry J. Meta-analysis: colorectal and small bowel cancer risk in patients with Crohn’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Apr 15;23(8):1097–1104. PMID: 16611269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jess T, Loftus EV Jr., Velayos FS, et al. Risk of intestinal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study from olmsted county, Minnesota. Gastroenterology. 2006 Apr;130(4):1039–1046. PMID: 16618397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamazaki Y, Ribeiro MB, Sachar DB, et al. Malignant colorectal strictures in Crohn’s disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 July;86(7):882–885. PMID: 2058631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovasz BD, Lakatos L, Golovics PA, et al. Risk of colorectal cancer in Crohn’s disease patients with colonic involvement and stenosing disease in a population-based cohort from Hungary. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2013 Sept;22(3):265–268. PMID: 24078982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fumery M, Pineton de Chambrun G, Stefanescu C, et al. Detection of dysplasia or cancer in 3.5% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and colonic strictures. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Oct;13(10):1770–1775. PMID: 26001338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ying LT, Hurlbut DJ, Depew WT, et al. Primary adenocarcinoma in an enterocutaneous fistula associated with Crohn’s disease. Can J Gastroenterol. 1998 May-June;12(4):265–269. PMID: 9659564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore-Maxwell CA, Robboy SJ. Mucinous adenocarcinoma arising in rectovaginal fistulas associated with Crohn’s disease. Gynecol Oncol. 2004 Apr;93(1):266–268. PMID: 15047250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith R, Hicks D, Tomljanovich PI, et al. Adenocarcinoma arising from chronic perianal Crohn’s disease: case report and review of the literature. Am Surg. 2008 Jan;74(1):59–61. PMID: 18274431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sogawa M, Watanabe K, Egashira Y, et al. Precise endoscopic and pathologic features in a Crohn’s disease case with two fistula-associated small bowel adenocarcinomas complicated by an anal canal adenocarcinoma. Intern Med. 2013;52(4):445–449. PMID: 23411699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scharl M, Frei P, Frei SM, et al. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in a fistula-associated anal adenocarcinoma in a patient with long-standing Crohn’s disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Jan;26(1):114–118. PMID: 24284372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devroe H, Coene L, Mortelmans LJ, et al. Colloid carcinoma arising in an anorectal fistula in Crohn’s disease: a case report. Acta Chir Belg. 2005 Feb;105(1):110–111. PMID: 15790217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devon KM, Brown CJ, Burnstein M, et al. Cancer of the anus complicating perianal Crohn’s disease. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009 02;52(2):211–216. PMID: 19279414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ficari F, Fazi M, Garcea A, et al. Anal carcinoma occurring in Crohn’s disease patients with chronic anal fistula. I supplementi di Tumori: 2005 May-June;4(3):S31. PMID: 16437885.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ky A, Sohn N, Weinstein MA, et al. Carcinoma arising in anorectal fistulas of Crohn’s disease. Dis Colon Rectum. 1998 Aug;41(8):992–996. PMID: 9715154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurent S, Barbeaux A, Detroz B, et al. Development of adenocarcinoma in chronic fistula in Crohn’s disease. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2005 Jan-Mar;68(1):98–100. PMID: 15832595.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas M, Bienkowski R, Vandermeer TJ, et al. Malignant transformation in perianal fistulas of Crohn’s disease: a systematic review of literature. J Gastrointestinal Surg. 2010 Jan;14(1):66–73. PMID: 19826882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laukoetter MG, Mennigen R, Hannig CM, et al. Intestinal cancer risk in Crohn’s disease: a meta-analysis. J Gastrointestinal Surg. 2011 Apr;15(4):576–583. PMID: 21152994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baars JE, Kuipers EJ, Dijkstra G, et al. Malignant transformation of perianal and enterocutaneous fistulas is rare: results of 17 years of follow-up from The Netherlands. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar;46(3):319–325. PMID: 21299339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Annese V, Beaugerie L, Egan L, et al. European evidence-based consensus: inflammatory bowel disease and malignancies. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2015 Nov 9;11:945–965. PMID: 26294789.
   Google Scholar
• Derikx LA, Kievit W, Drenth JP, et al. Prior colorectal neoplasia is associated with increased risk of ileoanal pouch neoplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2014 Jan;146(1):119–28.e1. PMID: 24076060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branco BC, Harpaz N, Sachar DB, et al. Colorectal carcinoma in indeterminate colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009 July;15(7):1076–1081. PubMed PMID: 19177428; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Annese V, Daperno M, Rutter MD, et al. European evidence based consensus for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2013 Dec 7;12:982–1018. PMID: 24184171.
   Google Scholar
• Löfberg R, Broström O, Karlén P, et al. Colonoscopic surveillance in long-standing total ulcerative colitis–a 15-year follow-up study. Gastroenterology. 1990 Oct;99(4):1021–1031. PMID: 2394325.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ananthakrishnan AN, Cagan A, Cai T, et al. Colonoscopy is associated with a reduced risk for colon cancer and mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Feb;13(2):322–329.e1. PMID: 25041865.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaden J, Abrams K, Ekbom A, et al. Colorectal cancer prevention in ulcerative colitis: a case-control study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Feb;14(2):145–153. PMID: 10651654.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bye WA, Nguyen TM, Parker CE, et al. Strategies for detecting colon cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Sept 18;9(9):Cd000279. PMID: 28922695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter MD, Saunders BP, Wilkinson KH, et al. Thirty-year analysis of a colonoscopic surveillance program for neoplasia in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 2006 Apr;130(4):1030–1038. PMID: 16618396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins PD. Miles to go on the SCENIC route: should chromoendoscopy become the standard of care in IBD surveillance? Am J Gastroenterol. 2015 July;110(7):1035–1037. PMID: 26148262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mooiweer E, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, Ponsioen CY, et al. Incidence of interval colorectal cancer among inflammatory bowel disease patients undergoing regular colonoscopic surveillance. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Sept;13(9):1656–1661. PMID: 25956835.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein CN. Surveillance programmes for colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: have we got it right? Gut. 2008 Sept;57(9):1194–1196. PMID: 18719132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh K, Al Khoury A, Kurti Z, et al. High adherence to surveillance guidelines in inflammatory bowel disease patients results in low colorectal cancer and dysplasia rates, while rates of dysplasia are low before the suggested onset of surveillance. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2019 Sept 27;13(10):1343–1350. PMID: 30918959.
   Google Scholar
• Velayos FS, Liu L, Lewis JD, et al. Prevalence of colorectal cancer surveillance for ulcerative colitis in an integrated health care delivery system. Gastroenterology. 2010 Nov;139(5):1511–1518. PMID: 20659470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rijn AF, Fockens P, Siersema PD, et al. Adherence to surveillance guidelines for dysplasia and colorectal carcinoma in ulcerative and Crohn’s colitis patients in the Netherlands. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jan 14;15(2):226–230. PMID: 19132774.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaden JA, Ward BA, Mayberry JF. How gastroenterologists screen for colonic cancer in ulcerative colitis: an analysis of performance. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000 Feb;51(2):123–128. PMID: 10650251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan GG, Heitman SJ, Hilsden RJ, et al. Population-based analysis of practices and costs of surveillance for colonic dysplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007 Nov;13(11):1401–1407. PMID: 17600816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laine L, Kaltenbach T, Barkun A, et al. SCENIC international consensus statement on surveillance and management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2015 Mar;148(3):639–651.e28. PMID: 25702852.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Har-Noy O, Katz L, Avni T, et al. Chromoendoscopy, narrow-band imaging or white light endoscopy for neoplasia detection in inflammatory bowel diseases. Dig Dis Sci. 2017 Nov;62(11):2982–2990. PMID: 28965228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iannone A, Ruospo M, Wong G, et al. Chromoendoscopy for surveillance in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease: a systematic review of randomized trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Nov;15(11):1684–1697.e11. PMID: 27890853.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feuerstein JD, Rakowsky S, Sattler L, et al. Meta-analysis of dye-based chromoendoscopy compared with standard- and high-definition white-light endoscopy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease at increased risk of colon cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2019;90(2):186–195.e1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ananthakrishnan AN. Chromoendoscopy is better: so why am i not (yet) using it for routine inflammatory bowel disease surveillance? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 May;14(5):720–722. PMID: 26407751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marion JF, Sands BE. The SCENIC consensus statement on surveillance and management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: praise and words of caution. Gastroenterology. 2015 Mar;148(3):462–467. PMID: 25702851.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekker E, van den Broek FJ, Reitsma JB, et al. Narrow-band imaging compared with conventional colonoscopy for the detection of dysplasia in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis. Endoscopy. 2007 Mar;39(3):216–221. PMID: 17385106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ignjatovic A, East JE, Subramanian V, et al. Narrow band imaging for detection of dysplasia in colitis: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012 June;107(6):885–890. PMID: 22613903.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Broek FJ, Fockens P, van Eeden S, et al. Narrow-band imaging versus high-definition endoscopy for the diagnosis of neoplasia in ulcerative colitis. Endoscopy. 2011 Feb;43(2):108–115. PMID: 21165822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellisé M, López-Cerón M, Rodríguez de Miguel C, et al. Narrow-band imaging as an alternative to chromoendoscopy for the detection of dysplasia in long-standing inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective, randomized, crossover study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011 Oct;74(4):840–848. PMID: 21802681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishiyama S, Oka S, Tanaka S, et al. Clinical usefulness of narrow band imaging magnifying colonoscopy for assessing ulcerative colitis-associated cancer/dysplasia. Endosc Int Open. 2016;4(11):E1183–E1187. PMID: 27853744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iacucci M, Kaplan GG, Panaccione R, et al. A randomized trial comparing high definition colonoscopy alone with high definition dye spraying and electronic virtual chromoendoscopy for detection of colonic neoplastic lesions during IBD surveillance colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Feb;113(2):225–234. PMID: 29134964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin CE, Haggitt RC, Burmer GC, et al. DNA aneuploidy in colonic biopsies predicts future development of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1992 Nov;103(5):1611–1620. PMID: 1426881.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe T, Ajioka Y, Mitsuyama K, et al. Comparison of targeted vs random biopsies for surveillance of ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology. 2016 Dec;151(6):1122–1130. PMID: 27523980.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasia MF, Ghosh S, Panaccione R, et al. Targeted biopsies identify larger proportions of patients with colonic neoplasia undergoing high-definition colonoscopy, dye chromoendoscopy, or electronic virtual chromoendoscopy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 May;14(5):704–12.e4. PMID: 26804384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moussata D, Allez M, Cazals-Hatem D, et al. Are random biopsies still useful for the detection of neoplasia in patients with IBD undergoing surveillance colonoscopy with chromoendoscopy? Gut. 2018 Apr;67(4):616–624. PMID: 28115492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Broek FJ, Fockens P, van Eeden S, et al. Endoscopic tri-modal imaging for surveillance in ulcerative colitis: randomised comparison of high-resolution endoscopy and autofluorescence imaging for neoplasia detection; and evaluation of narrow-band imaging for classification of lesions. Gut. 2008 Aug;57(8):1083–1089. PMID: 18367559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naymagon S, Marion JF. Surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: chromoendoscopy and digital mucosal enhancement. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2013 July;23(3):679–694. PMID: 23735110.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vleugels JLA, Rutter MD, Ragunath K, et al. Chromoendoscopy versus autofluorescence imaging for neoplasia detection in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis (FIND-UC): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 May 3;3(5):305–316. PMID: 29567006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bessissow T, Dulai PS, Restellini S, et al. Comparison of endoscopic dysplasia detection techniques in patients with ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018 Nov 29;24(12):2518–2526. PMID: 29846600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iacopini F, Saito Y, Yamada M, et al. Curative endoscopic submucosal dissection of large nonpolypoid superficial neoplasms in ulcerative colitis (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc. 2015;82(4):734–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman DA, Rex DK, Winawer SJ, et al. Guidelines for colonoscopy surveillance after screening and polypectomy: a consensus update by the US multi-society task force on colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology. 2012 Sept;143(3):844–857. PMID: 22763141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torres C, Antonioli D, Odze RD. Polypoid dysplasia and adenomas in inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical, pathologic, and follow-up study of 89 polyps from 59 patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998 Mar;22(3):275–284. PMID: 9500769.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanders LK, Dekker E, Pullens B, et al. Cancer risk after resection of polypoid dysplasia in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 May;12(5):756–764. PMID: 23920032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas T, Abrams KA, Robinson RJ, et al. Meta-analysis: cancer risk of low-grade dysplasia in chronic ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Mar 15;25(6):657–668. PMID: 1731159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar