Cavernous carotid aneurysms: a new treatment paradigm in the era of flow diversion

References

• Field M, Jungreis CA, Chengelis N, et al. Symptomatic cavernous sinus aneurysms: management and outcome after carotid occlusion and selective cerebral revascularization. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24:1200–1207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasconcellos LP, Flores JA, Conti ML, et al. Spontaneous thrombosis of internal carotid artery: a natural history of giant carotid cavernous aneurysms. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2009;67:278–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drake CG, Peerless SJ, Ferguson GG. Hunterian proximal arterial occlusion for giant aneurysms of the carotid circulation. J Neurosurg. 1994;81:656–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiebers D, Whisnant JP, Huston J 3rd, et al. Unruptured intracranial aneurysms: natural history, clinical outcome, and risks of surgical and endovascular treatment. Lancet. 2003;362:103–110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambekar S, Madhugiri V, Sharma M, et al. Evolution of management strategies for cavernous carotid aneurysms: a review. World Neurosurg. 2014;82:1077–1085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaiberman CB, Towbin RB, Boal DK. Giant mycotic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery in a child: endovascular treatment. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33:211–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menon G, Jayanand S, Krishnakumar K, et al. EC-IC bypass for cavernous carotid aneurysms: an initial experience with twelve patients. Asian J Neurosurg. 2014;9:82–88.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnett DW, Barrow DL, Joseph GJ. Combined extracranial-intracranial bypass and intraoperative balloon occlusion for the treatment of intracavernous and proximal carotid artery aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1994;35:92–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown B, Hanel RA. Endovascular management of cavernous and paraclinoid aneurysms. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2014;25:415–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiebel-Kalish H, Kalish Y, Bar-On RH, et al. Presentation, natural history, and management of carotid cavernous aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2005;57:850–857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linskey ME, Sekhar LN, Hirsch WL, et al. Aneurysms of the intracavernous carotid artery: natural history and indications for treatment. Neurosurgery. 1990;26:933–938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakase H, Shin Y, Kanemoto Y, et al. Long-term outcome of unruptured giant cerebral aneurysms. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2006;46:379–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Schaaf IC, Brilstra EH, Buskens E, et al. Endovascular treatment of aneurysms in the cavernous sinus a systematic review on balloon occlusion of the parent vessel and embolization with coils. Stroke. 2002;33:313–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes B, Harbaugh RE. Traumatic intracranial aneurysms: a contemporary review. J Trauma. 1993;35:855–860.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Larson PS, Reisner A, Morassutti DJ, et al. Traumatic intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurg Focus. 2000;8:e4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lempert TE, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, et al. Endovascular treatment of pseudoaneurysms with electrolytically detachable coils. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998;19:907–911.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uzan M, Cantasdemir M, Seckin MS, et al. Traumatic intracranial carotid tree aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1998;43:1314–1320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eddleman CS, Hurley MC, Bendok BR, et al. Cavernous carotid aneurysms: to treat or not to treat? Neurosurg Focus. 2009;26(5):E4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasliwal MK, Suri A, Sai Kiran NA, et al. Spontaneous thrombosis of giant cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm in a neonate. Case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2008;44:329–332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsutsumi M, Kazekawa K, Tanaka A, et al. Spontaneous thrombosis of a giant intracavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm and ipsilateral internal carotid artery occlusion. Radiat Med. 2002;20:261–263.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd C, et al. Endovascular detachable balloon embolization therapy of cavernous carotid artery aneurysms: results in 87 cases. J Neurosurg. 2009;72:857–863.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serbinenko FA. Balloon catheterization and occlusion of major cerebral vessels. J Neurosurg. 1974;41:125–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linskey ME, Jungreis CA, Yonas H, et al. Stroke risk after abrupt internal carotid artery sacrifice: accuracy of preoperative assessment with balloon test occlusion and stable xenon-enhanced CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1994;15:828–843.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yonas H, Linskey ME, Johnson DW, et al. Internal carotid balloon test occlusion does require quantitative CBF. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1993;13:1147–1152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorberboym M, Pandit N, Machac J, et al. Brain perfusion imaging during preoperative temporary balloon occlusion of the internal carotid artery. J Nucl Med. 1996;37:415–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tulleken CA. Carotid balloon occlusion for large and giant aneurysms: evaluation of a new test occlusion protocol (letter). Neurosurgery. 2001;49:225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneweis S, Urbach H, Solymosi L, et al. Preoperative risk assessment for carotid occlusion by transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1997;62:485–489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dare AO, Chaloupka JC, Putman CM, et al. Failure of the hypotensive provocative test during temporary balloon test occlusion of the internal carotid artery to predict delayed hemodynamic ischemia after therapeutic carotid occlusion. Surg Neurol. 1998;50:147–155.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Giller CA, Mathews D, Walker B, et al. Prediction of tolerance to carotid artery occlusion using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurosurg. 1994;81:15–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee S, Awad IA. Therapeutic carotid occlusion: current management paradigms. Clin Neurosurg. 2000;46:363–391.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carter BS, Ogilvy CS, Putman C, et al. Selective use of extracranial-intracranial bypass as an adjunct to therapeutic internal carotid artery occlusion. Clin Neurosurg. 2000;46:351–361.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Erba SM, Horton JA, Latchaw RE, et al. Balloon test occlusion of the internal carotid artery with stable xenon/CT cerebral blood flow imaging. Am J Neuroradiol. 1988;9:533–538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones TH, Morawetz RB, Crowell RM, et al. Thresholds of focal cerebral ischemia in awake monkeys. J Neurosurg. 1981;54:773–782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linskey ME, Sekhar LN, Horton JA, et al. Aneurysms of the intracavernous carotid artery: a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. J Neurosurg. 1991;75:525–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Origitano TC, Al-Mefty O, Leonetti JP, et al. Vascular considerations and complications in cranial base surgery. Neurosurgery. 1994;35:351–362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sekhar LN, Patel SJ. Permanent occlusion of the internal carotid artery during skull-base and vascular surgery: is it really safe? Am J Otol. 1993;14:421–422.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dolenc VV. Extradural approach to intracavernous ICA aneurysms. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 1999;72:99–106.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dolenc V. Direct microsurgical repair of intracavernous vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 1983;58:824–831.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heros RC. Thromboembolic complications after combined internal carotid ligation and extra-to-intracranial bypass. Surg Neurol. 1984;21:75–79.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heros RC, Nelson PB, Ojemann RG, et al. Large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms: surgical techniques, complications, and results. Neurosurgery. 1983;12:153–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jafar JJ, Huang PP. Surgical treatment of carotid cavernous aneurysms. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1998;9:755–763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swearingen B, Heros RC. Common carotid occlusion for unclippable carotid aneurysms: an old but still effective operation. Neurosurgery. 1987;21:288–295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawton MT, Hamilton MG, Morcos JJ, et al. Revascularization and aneurysm surgery: current technologies, indications, and outcome. Neurosurgery. 1996;38:83–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vishteh AG, Alleyne CH, Spetzler RF. Therapeutic carotid occlusion: the case for prophylactic bypass. Clin Neurosurg. 2000;46:339–350.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sekhar LN, Duff JM, Kalavakonda C, et al. Cerebral revascularization using radial artery grafts for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms: techniques and outcomes for 17 patients. Neurosurgery. 2001;49:646–658.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundt TM Jr, Piepgras DG, Marsh WR, et al. Saphenous vein bypass grafts for giant aneurysms and intracranial occlusive disease. J Neurosurg. 1986;65:439–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hacein-Bey L, Connolly ES Jr, Doung H, et al. Treatment of inoperable carotid aneurysms with endovascular carotid occlusion after extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery. Neurosurgery. 1997;41:1225–1234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishikawa T, Kamiyama H, Kobayashi N, et al. Experience from “double-insurance bypass.” Surgical results and additional techniques to achieve complex aneurysm surgery in a safer manner. Surg Neurol. 2005;63:485–490.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jafar JJ, Russell SM, Woo HH. Treatment of giant intracranial aneurysms with saphenous vein extracranial-to-intracranial bypass grafting: indications, operative technique, and results in 29 patients. Neurosurgery. 2002;51:138–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan MK, Ferch RD, Little NS, et al. Bypass to the intracranial internal carotid artery. J Clin Neurosci. 2002;9:418–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeh HS, Tomsick TA. Obliteration of a giant carotid aneurysm after extracranial-to-intracranial bypass surgery: case report. Surg Neurol. 1997;48:473–476.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang YJ, Barrow DL, Day AL. Extracranial-to-intracranial vein graft bypass for giant intracranial aneurysm surgery for pediatric patients: two technical case reports. Neurosurgery. 2002;50:663–668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peerless SJ, Hampf CR. Extracranial to intracranial bypass in the treatment of aneurysms. Clin Neurosurg. 1985;32:114–154.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spetzler RF, Schuster H, Roski RA. Elective extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass in the treatment of inoperable giant aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. J Neurosurg. 1980;53:22–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rooij WJ. Endovascular treatment of cavernous sinus aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2012;33:323–326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kono K, Shintani A, Okada H, et al. Stent-assisted coil embolization for cavernous carotid artery aneurysms. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2014;54:126–132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piotin M, Blanc R, Sepelle L, et al. Stent-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms: clinical and angiographic results in 216 consecutive patients. Stroke. 2010;41:110–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalouhi N, Jabbour P, Singhal S, et al. Stent-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms: predictors of complications, recanalization, and outcome in 508 cases. Stroke. 2013;44:1348–1353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fulkerson DH, Voorhies JM, McCanna SP, et al. Endovascular treatment and radiographic follow-up of proximal traumatic intracranial aneurysms in adolescents: case series and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst. 2010;26:613–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen JE, Gomori JM, Segal R, et al. Results of endovascular treatment of traumatic intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2008;63:476–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larson JJ, Tew JM Jr, Tonsick TA, et al. Treatment of aneurysms of the internal carotid artery by intravascular balloon occlusion: long-term follow-up of 58 patients. Neurosurgery. 1995;36:26–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niiro M, Shimozuru T, Nakamura K, et al. Long-term follow-up study of patients with cavernous sinus aneurysm treated by proximal occlusion. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2000;40:88–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkinson RJ, Eddleman CS, Batjer HH, et al. Giant intracranial aneurysms: endovascular challenges. Neurosurgery. 2006;59(5 suppl 3):S103–12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ponce FA, Albuquerque FC, McDougall CG, et al. Combined endovascular and microsurgical management of giant and complex unruptured aneurysms. Neurosurg Focus. 2004;17:E11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yonas H, Kaufmann A. Combined extracranial-intracranial bypass and intraoperative balloon occlusion for the treatment of intracavernous and proximal carotid artery aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 1995;36:1234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arambepola PK, McEvoy SD, Bulsara KR. De novo aneurysm formation after carotid artery occlusion for cerebral aneurysms. Skull Base. 2010;20:405–408.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ali MS, Starke RM, Jabbour PM, et al. TNF-α induces phenotypic modulation in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells: implications for cerebral aneurysm pathology. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2013;33:1564–1573.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber W, Siekmann R, Kis B, et al. Treatment and follow-up of 22 unruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms of the internal carotid artery with Onyx HD 500. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005;26:1909–1915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mawad ME, Cekirge S, Ciceri E, et al. Endovascular treatment of giant and large intracranial aneurysms by using a combination of stent placement and liquid polymer injection. J Neurosurg. 2002;96:474–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molyneux AJ, Cekirge S, Saatci I, et al. Cerebral aneurysm multicenter European Onyx (CAMEO) trial: results of a prospective observational study in 20 European centers. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2004;25:39–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brouillard AM, Sun X, Siddiqui AH, et al. The use of flow diversion for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: expansion of indications. Cureus. 2016;8:e472.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kallmes DF, Ding YH, Dai D, et al. A second-generation, endoluminal, flow-disrupting device for treatment of saccular aneurysm. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2004;25:39–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu AH, Cheung AK, Wenderoth JD, et al. Long-term follow-up results following elective treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms with the pipeline embolization device. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36:1728–1734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tähtinen OI, Manninen HI, Vanninen RL, et al. The silk flow-diverting stent in the endovascular treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms: technical aspects and midterm results in 24 consecutive patients. Neurosurgery. 2012;70:617–623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Möhlenbruch MA, Herweh C, Jestaedt L, et al. The FRED flow-diverter stent for intracranial aneurysms: clinical study to assess safety and efficacy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36:1155–1161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becske T, Kallmes DF, Saatci I, et al. Pipeline for uncoilable or failed aneurysms: results from a multicenter clinical trial. Radiology. 2013;267:858–868.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan TT, Chan KY, Pang PK, et al. Pipeline embolisation device for wide-necked internal carotid artery aneurysms in a hospital in Hong Kong: preliminary experience. Hong Kong Med J. 2011;17:398–404.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amenta PS, Starke RM, Jabbour PM, et al. Successful treatment of a traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm with the pipeline stent: case report and review of the literature. Surg Neurol Int. 2012;3:160.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jeon P, Kim BM, Kim DI, et al. Reconstructive endovascular treatment of fusiform or ultrawide-neck circumferential aneurysms with multiple overlapping enterprise stents and coiling. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2012;33:965–971.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson PK, Lylyk P, Szikora I, et al. The pipeline embolization device for the intracranial treatment of aneurysms trial. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32:34–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BM, Shin YS, Baik MW, et al. Pipeline embolization device for large/giant or fusiform aneurysms: an initial multi-center experience in Korea. Neurointervention. 2016;11:10–17.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Colby GP, Lin L-M, Caplan JM, et al. Flow diversion of large internal carotid artery aneurysms with the surpass device: impressions and technical nuance from the initial North American experience. J Neurointervent Surg. 2016;8:279–286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berge J, Biondi A, Machi P, et al. Flow-diverter silk stent for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: 1-year follow-up in a multicenter study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2012;33:1150–1155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubicz B, Collignon L, Raphaeli G, et al. Flow-diverter stent for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: a prospective study in 29 patients with 34 aneurysms. Stroke. 2010;41:2247–2253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vries J, Boogaarts J, Van Norden A, et al. New generation of flow diverter (surpass) for unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a prospective single-center study in 37 patients. Stroke. 2013;44:1567–1577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kocer N, Islak C, Kizilkilic O, et al. Flow re-direction endoluminal device in treatment of cerebral aneurysms: initial experience with short-term follow-up results. J Neurosurg. 2014;120:1158–1171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinjikji W, Murad MH, Lanzino G, et al. Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow diverters: a meta-analysis. Stroke. 2013;44:442–447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown BL, Lopes D, Miller DA, et al. The fate of cranial neuropathy after flow diversion for carotid aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 2016;124:1107–1113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanweer O, Raz E, Brunswick A, et al. Cavernous carotid aneurysms in the era of flow diversion: a need to revisit treatment paradigms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35:2334–2340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin N, Brouillard AM, Keigher KM, et al. Utilization of pipeline embolization device for treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms: US multicenter experience. J Neurointerv Surg. 2015;7:808–815.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalouhi N, Zanaty M, Whiting A, et al. Treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms with the pipeline embolization device. Neurosurgery. 2015;76:165–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu SC, Kwok C-K, Cheng P-W, et al. Intracranial aneurysms: midterm outcome of pipeline embolization device—a prospective study in 143 patients with 178 aneurysms. Radiology. 2012;265:893–901.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puffer RC, Piano M, Lanzino G, et al. Treatment of cavernous sinus aneurysms with flow diversion: results in 44 patients. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35:948–951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu SC, Kwok CK, Cheng PW, et al. Intracranial aneurysms: midterm outcome of pipeline embolization device – a prospective study in 29 patients with 34 aneurysms. Stroke. 2010;41:2247–2253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampton T, Walsh D, Tolias C, et al. Mural destabilization after aneurysm treatment with a flow-diverting device: a report of two cases. J Neurointerv Surg. 2011;3:167–171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu YC, Deshmukh VR, Albuquerque FC, et al. Histopathological assessment of fatal ipsilateral intraparenchymal hemorrhages after the treatment of supraclinoid aneurysms with the pipeline embolization device. J Neurosurg. 2014;120:365–374.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chitale R, Gonzalez LF, Randazzo C, et al. Single center experience with pipeline stent: feasibility, technique, and complications. Neurosurgery. 2012;71:679–691.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cinar C, Bozkaya H, Oran I. Endovascular treatment of cranial aneurysms with the pipeline flow-diverting stent: preliminary midterm results. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2013;19:154–164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer S, Vajda Z, Aguilar Perez M, et al. Pipeline embolization device (PED) for neurovascular reconstruction: initial experience in the treatment of 101 intracranial aneurysms and dissections. Neuroradiology. 2012;54:369–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lylyk P, Miranda C, Ceratto R, et al. Curative endovascular reconstruction of cerebral aneurysms with the pipeline embolization device: the Buenos Aires experience. Neurosurgery. 2009;64:632–642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAuliffe W, Wycoco V, Rice H, et al. Immediate and midterm results following treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms with the pipeline embolization device. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2012;33:164–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Kelly CJ, Spears J, Chow M, et al. Canadian experience with the pipeline embolization device for repair of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2013;34:381–387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piano M, Valvassori L, Quilici L, et al. Midterm and long-term follow-up of cerebral aneurysms treated with flow diverter devices: a single-center experience. J Neurosurg. 2013;118:408–416.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saatci I, Yavuz K, Ozer C, et al. Treatment of intracranial aneurysms using the pipeline flow-diverter embolization device: a single-center experience with long-term follow-up results. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2012;33:1436–1446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velioglu M, Kizilkilic O, Selcuk H, et al. Early and midterm results of complex cerebral aneurysms treated with silk stent. Neuroradiology. 2012;54:1355–1365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durst CR, Starke RM, Clopton D, et al. Endovascular treatment of ophthalmic artery aneurysms: ophthalmic artery patency following flow diversion versus coil embolization. J Neurointerv Surg 2015 Sep. Epub ahead of print. Pii:neurintsurg-2015-011887. doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011887.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar