Behavioral therapies in headache: focus on mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy in children and adolescents

References

• Harding A, Clark L. Pediatric migraine: common, yet treatable. Nurse Pract. 2014 16;39(11):22–31; quiz 31–2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dyb G, Stensland S, Zwart JA. Psychiatric comorbidity in childhood and adolescence headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2015;19(3):5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dresler T, Caratozzolo S, Guldolf K, et al., EHF-SAS. Understanding the nature of psychiatric comorbidity in migraine: a systematic review focused on interactions and treatment implications. J Headache Pain. 2019;20:51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipchik GL, Penzien DB. Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with headache. Semin Pain Med. 2004;2:93–105.
   Google Scholar
• Rains J. Psychiatric and psychologic factors in headache. In: Loder E, Marcus D, editors. Migraine in Women. Hamilton: Decker; 2004. p. 144–164.
   Google Scholar
• Heckman BD, Holroyd KA, Himawan L, et al. Do psychiatric comorbidities influence headache treatment outcomes? Results of a naturalistic longitudinal treatment study. Pain. 2009;146(1–2):56–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitsikostas DD, Thomas AM. Comorbidity of headache and depressive disorders. Cephalalgia. 1999;19:211–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saper JR, Lake AE III, Tepper SJ. Nefazodone for chronic daily headache prophylaxis: an openlabel study. Headache. 2001;41:465–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orr SL, Turner A, Kabbouche MA, et al. Predictors of Short-Term Prognosis While in Pediatric Headache Care: an Observational Study. Headache. 2019;59(4):543–555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damen L, Bruijn J, Koes BW, et al. Prophylactic treatment of migraine in children. Part 1. A systematic review of non-pharmacological trials. Cephalalgia. 2006;26(4):373–383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weeks RE. Application of behavioral therapies in adult and adolescent patients with chronic migraine. Neurol Sci. 2013;34(1):S11–S17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faedda N, Cerutti R, Verdecchia P, et al. Behavioral management of headache in children and adolescents. J Headache Pain. 2016;17(1):80.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kabbouche MA, Gilman DK. Management of migraine in adolescents. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2008;4(3):535–548.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winner P, Migraine. Diagnosis and treatment. In: Hershey AD, Powers SW, Winner P, et al., editors. Pediatric headaches in clinical practice. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons; 2009. p. 83–95.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action (PDF). Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2003. Available from: https://www.who.int/chp/knowledge/publications/adherence_report/en/
   Google Scholar
• Ramsey RR, Ryan JL, Hershey AD, et al. Treatment adherence in patients with headache: a systematic review. Headache. 2014;54:795–816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapoff MA. Adherence to pediatric medical regimens. Vol. 2. New York: Springer; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Iuga AO, McGuire MJ. Adherence and health care costs. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2014;7:35–44.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chakravarty A, Mukherjee A, Roy D. Trigger factors in childhood migraine: a clinic-based study from eastern India. J Headache Pain. 2009;10(5):375–380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neut D, Fily A, Cuvellier JC, et al. The prevalence of triggers in paediatric migraine: a questionnaire study in 102 children and adolescents. J Headache Pain. 2012;13(1):61–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraga MD, Pinho RS, Andreoni S, et al. Trigger factors mainly from the environmental type are reported by adolescents with migraine. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2013;71(5):290–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botello-Harbaum M 1, Haynie DL, Murray KW, et al. Cigarette smoking status and recurrent subjective health complaints among US school-aged adolescents. Child Care Health Dev. 2011;37(4):551–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jurišić I, Pavić Šimetin I, Dikanović M, et al. Headaches in adolescents - frequency, risk factors and other health complaints: a cross-sectional study in Croatia. Acta Clin Croat. 2018;57(4):613–617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Straube A 1, Heinen F, Ebinger F, et al. Headache in school children: prevalence and risk factors. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2013 29;110(48):811–818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bigal ME, Lipton RB. Modifiable risk factors for migraine progression. Headache. 2006;46(9):1334–1343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehde MD, Dillworth MT, Turner JA. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with chronic pain. Am Psychol Assoc. 2014;69(2):153–166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellini B, Arruda M, Cescut A, et al. Headache and comorbidity in children and adolescents. J Headache Pain. 2013;14:79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HJ, Lee JH, Cho EY, et al. Efficacy of psychological treatment for headache disorder: a systematic review and me. J Headache Pain. 2019;20:17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palermo TM, Wilson AC, Peters M, et al. Randomized controlled trial of an Internet-delivered family cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention for children and adolescents with chronic pain. Pain. 2009;146(1–2):205–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sieberg CB, Huguet A, von Baeyer CL, et al. Psychological interventions for headache in children and adolescents. Can J Neurol Sci. 2012;39(1):26–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sieberg RGJ, McGrath PJ. Psychological treatments for migraine. Biomed Pharmacother. 1996;50(2):58–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engel JM, Rapoff MA, Pressman AR. Long-term follow-up of relaxation training for pediatric headache disorders. Headache. 1992;32(3):152–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tornoe B, Skov L. Computer animated relaxation therapy in children between 7 and 13 years with tension-type headache: a pilot study. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2012;37(1):35–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiappedi M, Mensi MM, Termine C, et al. Psychological therapy in adolescents with chronic daily headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2016;20(1):3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šecić A, Cvjeticanin T, Kes VB. Biofeedback training and tension-type headache. Acta Clin Croat. 2016 Mar;55(1):156–160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blume HK 1, Brockman LN, Breuner CC. Biofeedback therapy for pediatric headache: factors associated with response. Headache. 2012;52(9):1377–1386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng QX 1, Venkatanarayanan N 2, Kumar L. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for the management of pediatric migraine. Headache. 2017 Mar;57(3):349–362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noel M, Petter M, Parker JA, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy for pediatric chronic pain: the problem, research, and practice. J Cognit Psychotherapy. 2012;26(2):143–156.
   Google Scholar
• Kandemir G, Hesapcioglu ST, Kurt ANC. What are the psychosocial factors associated with migraine in the child? comorbid psychiatric disorders, family functioning, parenting style, or mom’s psychiatric symptoms? J Child Neurol. 2018;33(2):174–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claar RL, Simons LE, Logan DE. Parental response to children’s pain: the moderating impact of children’s emotional distress on symptoms and disability. Pain. 2008 15;138:172–179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson CC, Palermo TM. Parental reinforcement of recurrent pain: the moderating impact of child depression and anxiety on functional disability. J Pediatr Psychol. 2004;29:331–341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman A. The use of homework in cognitive behavior therapy: working with complex anxiety and insomnia. Cognit Behav Pract. 2007;14(3):261–267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers SW, Kashikar-Zuck SM, Allen JR, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy plus amitriptyline for chronic migraine in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013 25;310(24):2622–2630.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlke LA, Sable JJ, Andrasik F. Behavioral therapy: emotion and pain, a common anatomical background. Neurol Sci. 2017 May;38(Suppl 1):157–161.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yoshimura S, Okamoto Y, Matsunaga M, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy changes functional connectivity between medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. J Affect Disord. 2017;208:610–614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REPORT NIOH. Distinct mechanisms of cognitive behavioral therapy effects in youth with migraine: insights from neuroimaging and quantitative sensory testing (The how and why youth with headaches get better study). [cited 2019 Mar 15]. Available from: https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9534808&icde=39288098
   Google Scholar
• Sturgeon JA. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2014;7:115–124.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flor H. Psychological pain interventions and neurophysiology: implications for a mechanism-based approach. Am Psychol. 2014;69(2):188–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kroner JW, Peugh J, Kashikar-Zuck SM, et al. Trajectory of improvement in children and adolescents with chronic migraine: results from the cognitive-behavioral therapy and amitriptyline trial. J Pain. 2017;18(6):637–644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma P, Mehta M, Sagar R. Efficacy of transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral group therapy for anxiety disorders and headache in adolescents. J Anxiety Disord. 2017 Mar;46:78–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law EF, Wan Tham S, Aaron RV, et al. Hybrid cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention for adolescents with co-occurring migraine and insomnia: a single-arm pilot trial. Headache. 2018;58(7):1060–1073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tietjen GE, Buse DC, Fanning KM, et al. Recalled maltreatment, migraine, and tension-type headache: results of the AMPP study. Neurology. 2015;84:132–140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tietjen GE, Buse DC, Collins SA. Childhood maltreatment in the migraine patient. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2016;18:7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toldo I, Rattin M, Perissinotto E, et al. Survey on treatments for primary headaches in 13 specialized juvenile Headache Centers: The first multicenter Italian study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2017;21(3):507–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldfriend MR, Castonguay LG. Behavior therapy: redefining strenghts and limitations. Behav Ther. 1993;24:505–S26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leahy RL. A relational approach to negotiating alliance ruptures. In: Leahy RL, editor. Roadblocks in cognitive-behavioral therapy: transforming challenges into opportunities for change. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2006. p. 364.
   Google Scholar
• Samson K. Cognitive therapy cuts pediatric migraine, first randomized study finds. Neurology Today. 2014. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/FullText/2014/03060/Cognitive_Therapy_Cuts_Pediatric_Migraine,_First.8.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Andrasik F, Grazzi L, D’Amico D, et al. Mindfulness and headache: A “new” old treatment, with new findings. Cephalalgia. 2016;36(12):1192–1205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro SL, Carlson LE, Astin JA, et al. Mechanisms of mindfulness. J Clin Psychol. 2006;62(3):373–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grecucci A, Pappaianni E, Siugzdaite R, et al. Mindful emotion regulation: exploring the neurocognitive mechanisms behind mindfulness. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:670724.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boyd JE, Lanius RA, McKinnon MC. Mindfulness-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the treatment literature and neurobiological evidence. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2018 Jan;43(1):7–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues MF, Nardi AE, Levitan M. Mindfulness in mood and anxiety disorders: a review of the literature. Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2017;39(3):207–215.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goldberg SB, Tucker RP, Greene PA, et al. Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2018;59:52–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson RJ, Kaszniak AW. Conceptual and methodological issues in research on mindfulness and meditation. Am Psychologist. 2015;70(7):581–592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black DS 2011. A brief definition of mindfulness. Mindfulness. [cited 2019 Apr 3]. Available from: http://www.mindfulexperience.org
   Google Scholar
• Baer RA. Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review. Clin Psychol. 2003;10(2):125–143.
   Google Scholar
• Kabat-Zinn J. Full catastrophe living: using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Bantam Books; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Segal ZV, Williams JMG, Teasdale JD. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression. 2nd ed. New York: The Guildford Press; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Kabat-Zinn J. Wherever you go, there you are: mindfulness meditation in everyday life. New York, NY: Hyperion; 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Teasdale JD, Segal ZV, Williams JMG. How does cognitive therapy prevent depressive relapse and why should attentional control (mindfulness) training help? Behav Res Ther. 1995;33:25–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma M, Rush SE. Mindfulness-based stress reduction as a stress management intervention for healthy individuals. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2014;19(4):271–286.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacKenzie MB, Abbott KA, Kocovski NL. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in patients with depression: current perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018 Jun;18(14):1599–1605.
   Google Scholar
• Zoogman S, Goldberg SB, Hoyt WT, et al. Mindfulness interventions with youth: a meta-analysis. Mindfulness. 2015;6(2):290–302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cathcart S, Galatis N, Immink M, et al. Brief mindfulness-based therapy for chronic tension-type headache: a randomized controlled pilot study. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2014;42:1–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day MA, Thorn BE, Ward LC, et al. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for the treatment of headache: a pilot study. Clin J Pain. 2014;30(2):152–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grazzi L, Sansone E, Raggi A, et al. Mindfulness and pharmacological prophylaxis after withdrawal from medication overuse in patients with Chronic Migraine: an effectiveness trial with a one-year follow-up. Neurol Sci. 2017;38(Suppl 1):173–175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells RE, Burch R, Paulsen RH, et al. Meditation for migraines: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Headache. 2014;54(9):1484–1495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakhshani NM, Amirani A, Amirifard H, et al. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on perceived pain intensity and quality of life in patients with chronic headache. Glob J Health Sci. 2015 6;8(4):142–151.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cho SJ, Song TJ, Chu MK. Treatment update of chronic migraine. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2017;21(6):26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hesse T, Holmes LG, Kennedy-Overfelt V, et al. Mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with recurrent headaches: a pilot feasibility study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:508958.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Azam MA, Katz J, Mohabir V, et al. Individuals with tension and migraine headaches exhibit increased heart rate variability during post-stress mindfulness meditation practice but a decrease during a post-stress control condition - A randomized, controlled experiment. Int J Psychophysiol. 2016;110:66–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemper KJ, Heyer G, Pakalnis A, et al. What factors contribute to headache-related disability in teens? Pediatr Neurol. 2016;56:48–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sansone E, Raggi A, Grignani E, et al. Mindfulness meditation for chronic migraine in pediatric population: a pilot study. Neurol Sci. 2018;39(Suppl 1):111–113.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ahola Kohut S, Stinson J, Davies-Chalmers C, et al. Mindfulness-based interventions in clinical samples of adolescents with chronic illness: a systematic review. J Altern Complement Med. 2017 Aug;23(8):581–589.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treede RD, Rief W, Barke A, et al. A classification of chronic pain for ICD-11. Pain. 2015;156(6):1003–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King S, Chambers CT, Huguet A, et al. The epidemiology of chronic pain in children and adolescents revisited: a systematic review. Pain. 2011;152(12):2729–2738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jastrowski Mano KE. School anxiety in children and adolescents with chronic pain. Pain Res Manag. 2017;2017:8328174.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Landry BW, Fischer PR, Driscoll SW, et al. Managing chronic pain in children and adolescents: a clinical review. Pm R. 2015;7(11 Suppl):S295–S315.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Palermo TM, Eccleston C, Lewandowski AS, et al. Randomized controlled trials of psychological therapies for management of chronic pain in children and adolescents: an updated meta-analytic review. Pain. 2010;148(3):387–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waelde LC, Feinstein AB, Bhandari R, et al. A pilot study of mindfulness meditation for pediatric chronic pain. Children (Basel). 2017;4(5):32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovas DA, Pajer K, Chorney JM, et al. Mindfulness for adolescent chronic pain: a pilot feasibility study. J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2017;29(2):129–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Majeed MH, Ali AA, Sudak DM. Mindfulness-based interventions for chronic pain: Evidence and applications. Asian J Psychiatr. 2018;32:79–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedlmeier P, Eberth J, Schwarz M, et al. The psychological effects of meditation: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2012;138(2):1139–1171.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Farias M, Wikholm C, Delmonte R. What is mindfulness-based therapy good for? Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(11):1012–1013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox KC, Nijeboer S, Dixon ML, et al. Is meditation associated with altered brain structure? A systematic review and meta-analysis of morphometric neuroimaging in meditation practitioners. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;43:48–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parsons CE, Crane C, Parsons LJ, et al. Home practice in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of participants’ mindfulness practice and its association with outcomes . Behav Res Ther. 2017;95:29–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dam NT, van Vugt MK, Vago DR, et al. Mind the hype: a critical evaluation and prescriptive agenda for research on mindfulness and meditation. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2018;13(1):36–61.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hofmann SG, Sawyer AT, Witt AA, et al. The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2010;78(2):169–183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biegel GM, Brown KW, Shapiro SL, et al. Mindfulness-based stress reduction for the treatment of adolescent psychiatric outpatients: A randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009;77(5):855–866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar