Contemporary surgical management of drug-resistant focal epilepsy

References

• Kwan P, Arzimanoglou A, Berg AT, et al. Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: consensus proposal by the ad hoc task force of the ILAE commission on therapeutic strategies. Epilepsia. 2010;51(6):1069–1077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falco-Walter JJ, Scheffer IE, Fisher RS. The new definition and classification of seizures and epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2018;139:73–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loizon M, Rheims S. Management of drug-resistant epilepsy. Presse Medicale Paris Fr 1983. 2018;47(3):234–242.
   Google Scholar
• Jehi L. The epileptogenic zone: concept and definition. Epilepsy Curr. 2018;18(1):12–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West S, Nolan SJ, Newton R. Surgery for epilepsy: a systematic review of current evidence. Epileptic Disord Int Epilepsy J Videotape. 2016;18(2):113–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuele SU. Evaluation of Seizure etiology from routine testing to genetic evaluation. Contin Minneap Minn. 2019;25(2):322–342.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borsatto T, Sperb-Ludwig F, Lima SE, et al. Biotinidase deficiency: genotype-biochemical phenotype association in Brazilian patients. PloS One. 2017;12(5):e0177503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nita DA, Mole SE, Minassian BA. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Epileptic Disord Int Epilepsy J Videotape. 2016;18(S2):73–88.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Claerhout H, Witters P, Régal L, et al. Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2018;41(1):101–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers CT, Mefford HC. Advancing epilepsy genetics in the genomic era. Genome Med. 2015;7:91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mei D, Parrini E, Marini C, et al. The impact of next-generation sequencing on the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy in paediatric patients. Mol Diagn Ther. 2017;21(4):357–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramantani G, Holthausen H. Epilepsy after cerebral infection: review of the literature and the potential for surgery. Epileptic Disord Int Epilepsy J Videotape. 2017;19(2):117–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toledano M, Pittock SJ. Autoimmune Epilepsy. Semin Neurol. 2015;35(3):245–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu W, An D, Xiao J, et al. Malformations of cortical development and epilepsy: A cohort of 150 patients in western China. Seizure. 2015;32:92–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen DK, Mbacfou MT, Nguyen DB, et al. Prevalence of nonlesional focal epilepsy in an adult epilepsy clinic. Can J Neurol Sci J Can Sci Neurol. 2013;40(2):198–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jette N, Reid AY, Wiebe S. Surgical management of epilepsy. CMAJ Can Med Assoc J J Assoc Medicale Can. 2014;186(13):997–1004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher RS, Cross JH, French JA, et al. Operational classification of seizure types by the international league against epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE commission for classification and terminology. Epilepsia. 2017;58(4):522–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohanraj R, Brodie MJ. Diagnosing refractory epilepsy: response to sequential treatment schedules. Eur J Neurol. 2006;13(3):277–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anyanwu C, Motamedi GK. Diagnosis and surgical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. Brain Sci. 2018;8:4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lüders HO, Najm I, Nair D, et al. The epileptogenic zone: general principles. Epileptic Disord Int Epilepsy J Videotape. 2006;8(Suppl 2):S1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panigrahi M, Jayalakshmi SS. Presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2008;3(1):74.
   Google Scholar
• Cendes F, Theodore WH, Brinkmann BH, et al. Neuroimaging of epilepsy. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;136:985–1014.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gaillard WD, Chiron C, Cross JH, et al. Guidelines for imaging infants and children with recent-onset epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2009;50(9):2147–2153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitsiori A, Hiremath SB, Boto J, et al. Morphological and advanced imaging of epilepsy: beyond the basics. Child Basel Switz. 2019;6:3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velez-Ruiz NJ, Klein JP. Neuroimaging in the evaluation of epilepsy. Semin Neurol. 2012;32(4):361–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S, Mountz JM. SPECT imaging of epilepsy: an overview and comparison with F-18 FDG PET. Int J Mol Imaging. 2011;2011:813028.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reif PS, Strzelczyk A, Rosenow F. The history of invasive EEG evaluation in epilepsy patients. Seizure. 2016;41:191–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayalakshmi S, Panigrahi M, Nanda SK, et al. Surgery for childhood epilepsy. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2014;17(Suppl 1):S69–79.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Engel J, Wiebe S, French J, et al. Practice parameter: temporal lobe and localized neocortical resections for epilepsy: report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology, in association with the American Epilepsy Society and the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Neurology. 2003;60(4):538–547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labiner DM, Bagic AI, Herman ST, et al. Essential services, personnel, and facilities in specialized epilepsy centers–revised 2010 guidelines. Epilepsia. 2010;51(11):2322–2333.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cross JH, Jayakar P, Nordli D, et al. Proposed criteria for referral and evaluation of children for epilepsy surgery: recommendations of the subcommission for pediatric epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2006;47(6):952–959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiebe S, Jetté N. Epilepsy surgery utilization: who, when, where, and why? Curr Opin Neurol. 2012;25(2):187–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon C-S, Neal J, Telléz-Zenteno J, et al. Resective focal epilepsy surgery - Has selection of candidates changed? A systematic review. Epilepsy Res. 2016;122:37–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugan P, Carlson C, Jetté N, et al. Derivation and initial validation of a surgical grading scale for the preliminary evaluation of adult patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2017;58(5):792–800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helmstaedter C, Kurthen M, Lux S, et al. Chronic epilepsy and cognition: a longitudinal study in temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 2003;54(4):425–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engel J, McDermott MP, Wiebe S, et al. Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012;307(9):922–930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fabris RR, Cascino TG, Mandrekar J, et al. Drug-resistant focal epilepsy in women of childbearing age: reproduction and the effect of epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;60:17–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thaweepoksomboon J, Chinvarun Y, Sakoolnamarka S, et al. Global outcomes of epilepsy surgery in drug-resistant focal epilepsy: a longitudinal survey. J Med Assoc Thail Chotmaihet Thangphaet. 2016;99(7):764–771.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lukmanji S, Altura KC, Rydenhag B, et al. Accuracy of an online tool to assess appropriateness for an epilepsy surgery evaluation-A population-based Swedish study. Epilepsy Res. 2018;145:140–144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, et al. Effectiveness and efficiency of surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy study group. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(5):311–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engel J, McDermott MP, Wiebe S, et al. Design considerations for a multicenter randomized controlled trial of early surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2010;51(10):1978–1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbaro NM, Quigg M, Ward MM, et al. Radiosurgery versus open surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: the randomized, controlled ROSE trial. Epilepsia. 2018;59(6):1198–1207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakharia VN, Duncan JS, Witt J-A, et al. Getting the best outcomes from epilepsy surgery. Ann Neurol. 2018;83(4):676–690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Englot DJ. A modern epilepsy surgery treatment algorithm: incorporating traditional and emerging technologies. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;80:68–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benbadis SR, Geller E, Ryvlin P, et al. Putting it all together: options for intractable epilepsy: an updated algorithm on the use of epilepsy surgery and neurostimulation. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;88S:33–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu G, Slater N, Perkins A. Epilepsy: treatment options. Am Fam Physician. 2017;96(2):87–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheffer IE, Berkovic S, Capovilla G, et al. ILAE classification of the epilepsies: position paper of the ILAE commission for classification and terminology. Epilepsia. 2017;58(4):512–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Téllez-Zenteno JF, Hernández Ronquillo L, Moien-Afshari F, et al. Surgical outcomes in lesional and non-lesional epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Res. 2010;89(2–3):310–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Englot DJ, Wang DD, Rolston JD, et al. Rates and predictors of long-term seizure freedom after frontal lobe epilepsy surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 2012;116(5):1042–1048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Téllez-Zenteno JF, Dhar R, Wiebe S. Long-term seizure outcomes following epilepsy surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain J Neurol. 2005;128(Pt 5):1188–1198.
   Google Scholar
• Lew SM. Hemispherectomy in the treatment of seizures: a review. Transl Pediatr. 2014;3(3):208–217.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Park MS, Nakagawa E, Schoenberg MR, et al. Outcome of corpus callosotomy in adults. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;28(2):181–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benifla M, Otsubo H, Ochi A, et al. Multiple subpial transections in pediatric epilepsy: indications and outcomes. Childs Nerv Syst ChNS off J Int Soc Pediatr Neurosurg. 2006;22(8):992–998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas J, Englot DJ, Naftel RP. Neurosurgical approaches to pediatric epilepsy: indications, techniques, and outcomes of common surgical procedures. Seizure. 2018 Nov 16: S1059-1311(18)30546-6. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1016/j.seizure.2018.11.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nowell M, Miserocchi A, McEvoy AW, et al. Advances in epilepsy surgery. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85(11):1273–1279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonelli SB, Thompson PJ, Yogarajah M, et al. Memory reorganization following anterior temporal lobe resection: a longitudinal functional MRI study. Brain J Neurol. 2013;136(Pt 6):1889–1900.
   Google Scholar
• Fong JS, Jehi L, Najm I, et al. Seizure outcome and its predictors after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in patients with normal MRI. Epilepsia. 2011;52(8):1393–1401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binder JR, Sabsevitz DS, Swanson SJ, et al. Use of preoperative functional MRI to predict verbal memory decline after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2008;49(8):1377–1394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathon B, Navarro V, Bielle F, et al. Complications after surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis. World Neurosurg. 2017;102:639–650.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boucher O, Dagenais E, Bouthillier A, et al. Different effects of anterior temporal lobectomy and selective amygdalohippocampectomy on verbal memory performance of patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2015;52(Pt A):230–235.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Foged MT, Vinter K, Stauning L, et al. Verbal learning and memory outcome in selective amygdalohippocampectomy versus temporal lobe resection in patients with hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;79:180–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cossu M, Raneri F, Casaceli G, et al. Surgical treatment of cavernoma-related epilepsy. J Neurosurg Sci. 2015;59(3):237–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi SA, Kim SY, Kim H, et al. Surgical outcome and predictive factors of epilepsy surgery in pediatric isolated focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsy Res. 2018;139:54–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schramm J, Delev D, Wagner J, et al. Seizure outcome, functional outcome, and quality of life after hemispherectomy in adults. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2012;154(9):1603–1612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moosa ANV, Gupta A, Jehi L, et al. Longitudinal seizure outcome and prognostic predictors after hemispherectomy in 170 children. Neurology. 2013;80(3):253–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griessenauer CJ, Salam S, Hendrix P, et al. Hemispherectomy for treatment of refractory epilepsy in the pediatric age group: a systematic review. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2015;15(1):34–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villemure JG, Rasmussen T. Functional hemispherectomy in children. Neuropediatrics. 1993;24(1):53–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bien CG, Schramm J. Treatment of Rasmussen encephalitis half a century after its initial description: promising prospects and a dilemma. Epilepsy Res. 2009;86(2–3):101–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stigsdotter-Broman L, Olsson I, Flink R, et al. Long-term follow-up after callosotomy–a prospective, population based, observational study. Epilepsia. 2014;55(2):316–321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finet P, Grandin C, Vaz G, et al. Multiple subpial transections and magnetic resonance imaging. Neurochirurgie. 2017;63(6):449–452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornai F, Ruffoli R, Giorgi FS, et al. The role of locus coeruleus in the antiepileptic activity induced by vagus nerve stimulation. Eur J Neurosci. 2011;33(12):2169–2178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karasin B, Karasin M. Epilepsy: clinical review and surgical options. Aorn J. 2017;106(5):393–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giordano F, Zicca A, Barba C, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation: surgical technique of implantation and revision and related morbidity. Epilepsia. 2017;58(Suppl 1):85–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ekmekçi H, Kaptan H. Vagus Nerve Stimulation. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2017;5(3):391–394.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Panebianco M, Rigby A, Weston J, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation for partial seizures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(4):CD002896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cukiert A. Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: an evidence-based approach. Prog Neurol Surg. 2015;29:39–52.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DeGiorgio CM, Soss J, Cook IA, et al. Randomized controlled trial of trigeminal nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy. Neurology. 2013;80(9):786–791.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaseja H. Deep-brain stimulation in intractable epilepsy: pedunculopontine nucleus versus thalamic nuclei: a perspective. World Neurosurg. 2014;82(3–4):e568–569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinger N, Mittal S. Deep brain stimulation for seizure control in drug-resistant epilepsy. Neurosurg Focus. 2018;45(2):E4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li MCH, Cook MJ. Deep brain stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2018;59(2):273–290.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sprengers M, Vonck K, Carrette E, et al. Deep brain and cortical stimulation for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;18(7):CD008497.
   Google Scholar
• Heck CN, King-Stephens D, Massey AD, et al. Two-year seizure reduction in adults with medically intractable partial onset epilepsy treated with responsive neurostimulation: final results of the RNS system pivotal trial. Epilepsia. 2014;55(3):432–441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prince E, Hakimian S, Ko AL, et al. Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Epilepsy. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017;17(9):63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry DJ, Gowda A, McNichols RJ, et al. MR-guided stereotactic laser ablation of epileptogenic foci in children. Epilepsy Behav. 2012;24(4):408–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le S, Ho AL, Fisher RS, et al. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT): seizure outcomes for refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;89:37–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla ND, Ho AL, Pendharkar AV, et al. Laser interstitial thermal therapy for the treatment of epilepsy: evidence to date. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13:2469–2475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross RE, Willie JT, Drane DL. The role of stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2016;27(1):37–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ditty BJ, Omar NB, Foreman PM, et al. Seizure outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 2017;126(3):845–851.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quigg M, Harden C. Minimally invasive techniques for epilepsy surgery: stereotactic radiosurgery and other technologies. J Neurosurg. 2014;121(Suppl):232–240.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McGonigal A, Sahgal A, De Salles A, et al. Radiosurgery for epilepsy: systematic review and International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society (ISRS) practice guideline. Epilepsy Res. 2017;137:123–131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J-T, Liu B, Zhang H. Surgical versus medical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;82:179–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt D, Stavem K. Long-term seizure outcome of surgery versus no surgery for drug-resistant partial epilepsy: a review of controlled studies. Epilepsia. 2009;50(6):1301–1309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Health Quality Ontario. Epilepsy surgery: an evidence summary. Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2012;12(17):1–28.
   Google Scholar
• Bien CG, Raabe AL, Schramm J, et al. Trends in presurgical evaluation and surgical treatment of epilepsy at one centre from 1988–2009. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;84(1):54–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Tisi J, Bell GS, Peacock JL, et al. The long-term outcome of adult epilepsy surgery, patterns of seizure remission, and relapse: a cohort study. Lancet Lond Engl. 2011;378(9800):1388–1395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohan M, Keller S, Nicolson A, et al. The long-term outcomes of epilepsy surgery. PloS One. 2018;13(5):e0196274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pindrik J, Hoang N, Smith L, et al. Preoperative evaluation and surgical management of infants and toddlers with drug-resistant epilepsy. Neurosurg Focus. 2018;45(3):E3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ansari SF, Maher CO, Tubbs RS, et al. Surgery for extratemporal nonlesional epilepsy in children: a meta-analysis. Childs Nerv Syst ChNS off J Int Soc Pediatr Neurosurg. 2010;26(7):945–951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Englot DJ, Breshears JD, Sun PP, et al. Seizure outcomes after resective surgery for extra-temporal lobe epilepsy in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2013;12(2):126–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Englot DJ, Rolston JD, Wang DD, et al. Seizure outcomes after temporal lobectomy in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2013;12(2):134–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan H, Toyota E, Anderson M, et al. A systematic review of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in childhood. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2018;23(3):1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skirrow C, Cross JH, Cormack F, et al. Long-term intellectual outcome after temporal lobe surgery in childhood. Neurology. 2011;76(15):1330–1337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith ML, Elliott IM, Lach L. Cognitive, psychosocial, and family function one year after pediatric epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2004;45(6):650–660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conte F, Legros B, Van Paesschen W, et al. Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with drug resistant epilepsy. Seizure. 2018;62:74–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain P, Tomlinson G, Snead C, et al. Systematic review and network meta-analysis of resective surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2018;89(11):1138–1144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eekers DBP, Pijnappel EN, Schijns OEMG, et al. Evidence on the efficacy of primary radiosurgery or stereotactic radiotherapy for drug-resistant non-neoplastic focal epilepsy in adults: A systematic review. Seizure. 2018;55:83–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouwens van der Vlis TAM, Schijns OEMG, Schaper FLWVJ, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for drug-resistant epilepsy. Neurosurg Rev. 2018 Jan 6. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1007/s10143-017-0941-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan AY, Rolston JD, Lee B, et al. Rates and predictors of seizure outcome after corpus callosotomy for drug-resistant epilepsy: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 2018;1–10. DOI:10.3171/2017.12.JNS172331. [Epub ahead of print].
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer SS. Long-term outcome after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 1996;37(9):807–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glosser G, Roberts D, Glosser DS. Nonepileptic seizures after resective epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 1999;40(12):1750–1754.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helmstaedter C, Elger CE, Vogt VL. Cognitive outcomes more than 5 years after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery: remarkable functional recovery when seizures are controlled. Seizure. 2018;62:116–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson-Roswall L, Engman E, Samuelsson H, et al. Cognitive outcome 10 years after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery: a prospective controlled study. Neurology. 2010;74(24):1977–1985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alpherts WCJ, Vermeulen J, van Rijen PC, et al. Dutch collaborative epilepsy surgery program. Verbal memory decline after temporal epilepsy surgery?: A 6-year multiple assessments follow-up study. Neurology. 2006;67(4):626–631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvato G, Scarpa P, Francione S, et al. Declarative long-term memory and the mesial temporal lobe: insights from a 5-year postsurgery folltow-up study on refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;64(Pt A):102–109.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jutila L, Aikiä M, Immonen A, et al. Long-term memory performance after surgical treatment of unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Epilepsy Res. 2014;108(7):1228–1237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman EMS, Wiebe S, Fay-McClymont TB, et al. Neuropsychological outcomes after epilepsy surgery: systematic review and pooled estimates. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):857–869.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauli C, de Oliveira Thais MER, Guarnieri R, et al. Decline in word-finding: the objective cognitive finding most relevant to patients after mesial temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav. 2017;75:218–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rayner G, Wrench JM, Wilson SJ. Differential contributions of objective memory and mood to subjective memory complaints in refractory focal epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2010;19(3):359–364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Téllez-Zenteno JF, Dhar R, Hernandez-Ronquillo L, et al. Long-term outcomes in epilepsy surgery: antiepileptic drugs, mortality, cognitive and psychosocial aspects. Brain J Neurol. 2007;130(Pt 2):334–345.
   Google Scholar
• Drane DL, Loring DW, Voets NL, et al. Better object recognition and naming outcome with MRI-guided stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy for temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2015;56(1):101–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quigg M, Broshek DK, Barbaro NM, et al. Neuropsychological outcomes after Gamma Knife radiosurgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a prospective multicenter study. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):909–916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vojtěch Z, Krámská L, Malíková H, et al. Neuropsychological results after gamma knife radiosurgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2015;36(8):771–778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadish NE, Bast T, Reuner G, et al. Epilepsy surgery in the first 3 years of life: predictors of seizure freedom and cognitive development. Neurosurgery. 2018 Aug 21. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1093/neuros/nyy376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramantani G, Kadish NE, Mayer H, et al. Frontal lobe epilepsy surgery in childhood and adolescence: predictors of long-term seizure freedom, overall cognitive and adaptive functioning. Neurosurgery. 2018;83(1):93–103.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Georgiadis I, Kapsalaki EZ, Fountas KN. Temporal lobe resective surgery for medically intractable epilepsy: a review of complications and side effects. Epilepsy Res Treat. 2013;2013:752195.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cleary R, Baxendale S, Thompson P, et al. Predicting and preventing psychopathology following temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;26(3):322–334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Perdigués S, Baillés E, Mané A, et al. Psychiatric symptoms in refractory epilepsy during the first year after surgery. Neurotherapeutics. 2018;15(4):1082–1092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macrodimitris S, Sherman EMS, Forde S, et al. Psychiatric outcomes of epilepsy surgery: a systematic review. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):880–890.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Perdigués S, Baillés E, Mané A, et al. A prospective study contrasting the psychiatric outcome in drug-resistant epilepsy between patients who underwent surgery and a control group. Epilepsia. 2016;57(10):1680–1690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith ML, Kelly K, Kadis DS, et al. Self-reported symptoms of psychological well-being in young adults who underwent resective epilepsy surgery in childhood. Epilepsia. 2011;52(5):891–899.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puka K, Smith ML. Long-term outcomes of behavior problems after epilepsy surgery in childhood. J Neurol. 2016;263(5):991–1000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavares TP, Puka K, Smith ML. Emotional functioning: long-term outcomes after pediatric epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2015;56(5):745–753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiam A-HR, Dhaliwal H, Wiebe S. Determinants of quality of life after epilepsy surgery: systematic review and evidence summary. Epilepsy Behav. 2011;21(4):441–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauli C, Schwarzbold ML, Diaz AP, et al. Predictors of meaningful improvement in quality of life after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery: A prospective study. Epilepsia. 2017;58(5):755–763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ives-Deliperi V, Butler JT. Quality of life one year after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav. 2017;75:213–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiest KM, Sajobi TT, Wiebe S. Epilepsy surgery and meaningful improvements in quality of life: results from a randomized controlled trial. Epilepsia. 2014;55(6):886–892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edelvik A, Taft C, Ekstedt G, et al. Health-related quality of life and emotional well-being after epilepsy surgery: A prospective, controlled, long-term follow-up. Epilepsia. 2017;58(10):1706–1715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walther K, Dogan Onugoren M, Buchfelder M, et al. Psychosocial outcome in epilepsy after extratemporal surgery. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;81:94–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dias LA, Angelis G, De, Teixeira WA, et al. Long-term seizure, quality of life, depression, and verbal memory outcomes in a controlled mesial temporal lobe epilepsy surgical series using portuguese-validated instruments. World Neurosurg. 2017;104:411–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maragkos GA, Geropoulos G, Kechagias K, et al. Quality of life after epilepsy surgery in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurgery. 2018 Oct 17. Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1093/neuros/nyy471.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mansouri A, Aldakkan A, Kosicka MJ, et al. Bridging the gap between evidence and practice for adults with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy: is a change in funding policy needed to stimulate a shift in practice? Epilepsy Res Treat. 2015;2015:675071.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Picot M-C, Jaussent A, Neveu D, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of epilepsy surgery in a controlled cohort of adult patients with intractable partial epilepsy: A 5-year follow-up study. Epilepsia. 2016;57(10):1669–1679.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiltz NK, Kaiboriboon K, Koroukian SM, et al. Long-term reduction of health care costs and utilization after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsia. 2016;57(2):316–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowen JM, Snead OC, Chandra K, et al. Epilepsy care in ontario: an economic analysis of increasing access to epilepsy surgery. Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2012;12(18):1–41.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Widjaja E, Li B, Schinkel CD, et al. Cost-effectiveness of pediatric epilepsy surgery compared to medical treatment in children with intractable epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2011;94(1–2):61–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldham MS, Horn PS, Tsevat J, et al. Costs and clinical outcomes of epilepsy surgery in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 2015;53(3):216–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wijnen BFM, van Mastrigt GAPG, Evers SMAA, et al. A systematic review of economic evaluations of treatments for patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2017;58(5):706–726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sacino MF, Huang SS, Keating RF, et al. An initial cost-effectiveness analysis of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) in pediatric epilepsy surgery. Childs Nerv Syst ChNS off J Int Soc Pediatr Neurosurg. 2018;34(3):495–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jehi L, Friedman D, Carlson C, et al. The evolution of epilepsy surgery between 1991 and 2011 in nine major epilepsy centers across the United States, Germany, and Australia. Epilepsia. 2015;56(10):1526–1533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hader WJ, Tellez-Zenteno J, Metcalfe A, et al. Complications of epilepsy surgery: a systematic review of focal surgical resections and invasive EEG monitoring. Epilepsia. 2013;54(5):840–847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tebo CC, Evins AI, Christos PJ, et al. Evolution of cranial epilepsy surgery complication rates: a 32-year systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 2014;120(6):1415–1427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolston JD, Englot DJ, Knowlton RC, et al. Rate and complications of adult epilepsy surgery in North America: analysis of multiple databases. Epilepsy Res. 2016;124:55–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulze-Bonhage A, Zentner J. The preoperative evaluation and surgical treatment of epilepsy. Dtsch Arzteblatt Int. 2014;111(18):313–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer S, Huh L. Outcomes of epilepsy surgery in adults and children. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7(6):525–537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amlerova J, Cavanna AE, Bradac O, et al. Emotion recognition and social cognition in temporal lobe epilepsy and the effect of epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav. 2014;36:86–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quigg M, Barbaro NM, Ward MM, et al. Visual field defects after radiosurgery versus temporal lobectomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: findings of the ROSE trial. Seizure. 2018;63:62–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmedov ML, Korkmaz TS, Kemerdere R, et al. Surgical and neurological complications in temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in modern era. Surg Neurol Int. 2018;9:134.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kahlow H, Olivecrona M. Complications of vagal nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: a single center longitudinal study of 143 patients. Seizure. 2013;22(10):827–833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryvlin P, Rheims S. Predicting epilepsy surgery outcome. Curr Opin Neurol. 2016;29(2):182–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sperling MR, Barshow S, Nei M, et al. A reappraisal of mortality after epilepsy surgery. Neurology. 2016;86(21):1938–1944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerezoudis P, McCutcheon B, Murphy ME, et al. Thirty-day postoperative morbidity and mortality after temporal lobectomy for medically refractory epilepsy. J Neurosurg. 2018;128(4):1158–1164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClelland S, Guo H, Okuyemi KS. Population-based analysis of morbidity and mortality following surgery for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy in the United States. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(6):725–729.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Panigrahi M, Vooturi S, Jayalakshmi S. Complications of epilepsy surgery: a single surgeon’s experience from South India. World Neurosurg. 2016;91:16–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punia V, Abdelkader A, Busch RM, et al. Time to push the age limit: epilepsy surgery in patients 60 years or older. Epilepsia Open. 2018;3(1):73–80.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jenny B, Smoll N, El Hassani Y, et al. Pediatric epilepsy surgery: could age be a predictor of outcomes? J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;18(2):235–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gooneratne IK, Mannan S, de Tisi J, et al. Somatic complications of epilepsy surgery over 25 years at a single center. Epilepsy Res. 2017;132:70–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar