Neuropsychological performance across symptom dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a comment on the state and critical review of the literature

References

• McKay D, Abramowitz JS, Calamari JE, et al. A critical evaluation of obsessive–compulsive disorder subtypes: symptoms versus mechanisms. Clin Psychol Rev. 2004;24:283–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mataix-Cols D, Do Rosario-Campos MC, Leckman JF, et al. A multidimensional model of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162:228–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottesman II, Gould TD. The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160:636–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramovitch A, Abramowitz JS, Mittelman A. The neuropsychology of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2013;33:1163–1171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman WK, Price LH, Rasmussen SA, et al. The yale-brown obsessive-compulsive scale: development, use and reliability. Arch Gen Psychiat. 1989;46:1006–1011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foa EB, Huppert JD, Leiberg S, et al. The obsessive-compulsive inventory: development and validation of a short version. Psychol Assess. 2002;14:485–496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramowitz JS, Franklin ME, Schwartz SA, et al. Symptom presentation and outcome of cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Consult Clin Psych. 2003;71:1049–1056.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calamari JE, Wiegartz PS, Janeck AS. Obsessive-compulsive disorder subgroups: a symptom-based clustering approach. Behav Res Ther. 1999;37:113–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calamari JE, Wiegartz PS, Riemann BC, et al. Obsessive–compulsive disorder subtypes: an attempted replication and extension of a symptom-based taxonomy. Behav Res Ther. 2004;42:737–747.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloch MH, Landeros-Weisenberger A, Rosario MC, et al. Meta-analysis of the symptom structure of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165:1532–1542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Olatunji BO, et al. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: development and evaluation of the dimensional obsessive-compulsive scale. Psychol Assess. 2010;22:180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Leopold R, Backenstrass M. Neuropsychological differences between obsessive-compulsive washers and checkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Anxiety Disord. 2015;30:48–58. .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bragdon LB, Gibb BE, Coles ME. Does neuropsychological performance in OCD relate to different symptoms? A meta-analysis comparing the symmetry and obsessing dimensions. Depress Anxiety. 2018;35:761–774.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salloway SP, Malloy PF, Duffy JD. The frontal lobes and neuropsychiatric illness. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Pub; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Kashyap H, Kumar JK, Kandavel T, et al. Relationships between neuropsychological variables and factor-analysed symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiat Res. 2017;249:58–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashimoto M, Nakaai S, Omori IM, et al. Distinct neuropsychological profiles of three major symptom dimensions in obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiat Res. 2011;187:166–173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang JH, Kim HS, Ha T, et al. Nonverbal memory and organization dysfunctions are related with distinct symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiat Res. 2010;180:93–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omori IM, Murata Y, Yamanishi T, et al. The differential impact of executive attention dysfunction on episodic memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with checking symptoms vs. those with washing symptoms. J Psychiat Res. 2007;41:776–784.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasmussen J, Siev J, Abramovitch A, et al. Scrupulosity and contamination OCD are not associated with deficits in response inhibition. J Behav Ther Exp Psy. 2016;50:120–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Exner C, Martin V, Rief W. Self-focused ruminations and memory deficits in obsessive–compulsive disorder. Cognitive Ther Res. 2009;33: 163–174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashimoto T, Shimizu E, Koike K, et al. Deficits in auditory P50 inhibition in obsessive–compulsive disorder. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol. 2008;32:288–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cha KR, Koo MS, Kim CH, et al. Nonverbal memory dysfunction in obsessive‐compulsive disorder patients with checking compulsions. Depress Anxiety. 2008;25:E115–E120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dittrich WH, Johansen T. Cognitive deficits of executive functions and decision‐making in obsessive‐compulsive disorder. Scand J Psychol. 2013;54:393–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakao T, Nakagawa A, Nakatani E, et al. Working memory dysfunction in obsessive–compulsive disorder: a neuropsychological and functional MRI study. J Psychiat Res. 2009;43:784–791.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nedeljkovic M, Kyrios M, Moulding R, et al. Differences in neuropsychological performance between subtypes of obsessive–compulsive disorder. Aus Nz J Psychiat. 2009;43:216–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceschi G, Van der Linden M, Dunker D, et al. Further exploration memory bias in compulsive washers. Behav Res Ther. 2003;41:737–747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbruzzese M, Ferri S, Scarone S. Wisconsin card sorting test performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder: no evidence for involvement of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Psychiat Res. 1995;58:37–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbruzzese M, Bellodi L, Ferri S, et al. Memory functioning in obsessive compulsive disorder. Behav Neurol. 1993;6:119–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martoni RM, Salgari G, Galimberti E, et al. Effects of gender and executive function on visuospatial working memory in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eur Arch Psy Clin N. 2015;265:707–718.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedron AC, Ferrão YA, Gurgel LG, et al. Relations between executive functions and different symptomatic dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto). 2015;25:229–239.
   Google Scholar
• Dittrich W, Johansen T, Fineberg N, et al. Cognitive performance and specific deficits in OCD symptom dimensions: II. Spatial memory and impaired recognition of visuospatial object locations. Ger J Psychiatry. 2011;14:1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Dittrich W, Johansen T, Inge Landrø N, et al. Cognitive performance and specific deficits in OCD symptom dimensions: III. Decision-making and impairments in risky choices. Ger J Psychiatry. 2011;14:13–25.
   Google Scholar
• Penadés R, Catalán R, Andrés S, et al. Executive function and nonverbal memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiat Res. 2005;133:81–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoenig K, Hochrein A, Müller DJ, et al. Different negative priming impairments in schizophrenia and subgroups of obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychol Med. 2002;32:459–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald PA, Antony MM, MacLeod CM, et al. Negative priming for obsessive-compulsive checkers and noncheckers. J Abnorm Psychol. 1999;108:679.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence NS, Wooderson S, Mataix-Cols D, et al. Decision making and set shifting impairments are associated with distinct symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuropsych. 2006;20:409–419.
   Google Scholar
• Cameron DH, Summerfeldt LJ, Rowa K, et al. Differences in neuropsychological performance between incompleteness- and harm avoidance-related core dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2019;22:100488.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Victoria MS, Nascimento AL, Fontenelle LF. Symptom-specific attentional bias to threatening stimuli in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Comp Psychiatry. 2012;53: 783–788.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Summerfeldt LJ, Kloosterman PH, Antony MM, et al. Examining an obsessive-compulsive core dimensions model: structural validity of harm avoidance and incompleteness. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2014;3:83–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Airaksinen E, Larsson M, Forsell Y. Neuropsychological functions in anxiety disorders in population-based samples: evidence of episodic memory dysfunction. J Psychiatric Res. 2004;39: 207–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelmann JB, Meyer F, Fehr E, et al. Anticipatory anxiety disrupts neural valuation during risky choice. J Neuro. 2015;35:2085–3099.
   Google Scholar
• Luhmann CC, Ishida K, Hajcak G. Intolerance of uncertainty and decisions about delayed, probabilistic rewards. Behav Therapy. 2011;42: 378–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouimet AJ, Ashbaugh AR, Radomsky AS. Hoping for more: how cognitive science has and hasn’t been helpful to the OCD clinician. Clin Psych Rev. 2019;69: 14–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nedeljkovic M, Kyrios M. Confidence in memory and other cognitive processes in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behav Res Therapy. 2007;45: 2899–2914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radomsky AS, Dugas MJ, Alcolado GM, et al. When more is less: doubt, repetition, memory, metamemory, and compulsive checking in OCD. Behav Res Therapy. 2014;59:30–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moritz S, Hauschildt M, Saathoff K, et al. Does impairment in neuropsychological tests equal neuropsychological impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? Momentary influences, testing attitude, and motivation are related to neuropsychological performance in OCD. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2017;14:99–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramovitch A, McCormack B, Brunner D, et al. The impact of symptom severity on cognitive function in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychology Rev. 2019;67:36–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mataix-Cols D, Rauch SL, Manzo P, et al. Use of factor analyzed symptom dimensions to predict outcome with serotonin reuptake inhibitors and placebo in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156:1409–2116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron DH, Streiner DL, Summerfeldt LJ, et al. A comparison of cluster and factor analytic techniques for identifying symptom-based dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiat Res. 2019;278:86–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosario-Campos MC, Miguel EC, Quatrano S, et al. The dimensional yale–brown obsessive–compulsive scale (DYBOCS): an instrument for assessing obsessive–compulsive symptom dimensions. Mol Psychiatry. 2006;11:495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar