224
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Understanding and managing autonomic dysfunction in persons with multiple sclerosis

, &
Pages 1409-1417 | Received 21 Jul 2021, Accepted 14 Oct 2021, Published online: 17 Nov 2021

References

  • Compston A, Coles A. Multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2008 Oct 25;372(9648):1502–1517.
  • Weinshenker BG, Bass B, Rice GP, et al. The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study. I. Clinical course and disability. Brain. 1989 Feb;112(Pt 1):133–146.
  • University of California, San Francisco MS-EPIC Team, Cree BA, Gourraud PA, Oksenberg JR, et al. Long-term evolution of multiple sclerosis disability in the treatment era. Ann Neurol. 2016 Oct;80(4):499–510. Epub 2016 Aug 13. PMID: 27464262; PMCID: PMC5105678.
  • Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2018 Feb;17(2):162–173.
  • Adamec I, Habek M. Autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013 Dec;115(Suppl 1):S73–8.
  • Vita G, Fazio MC, Milone S, et al. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis is likely related to brainstem lesions. J Neurol Sci. 1993;120(1):82–86.
  • De Seze J, Stojkovic T, Gauvrit J-Y, et al. Autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: cervical spinal cord atrophy correlates. J Neurol. 2001;248(4):297–303.
  • Racosta JM, Sposato LA, Morrow SA, et al. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2015 Mar;4(2):104–111.
  • Kurtzke JF. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology. 1983 Nov;33(11):1444–1452.
  • Palma JA, Cook GA, Miglis MG, et al. Emerging subspecialties in neurology: autonomic disorders. Neurology. 2015;84(10):e73–e75.
  • Crnošija L, Adamec I, Lovrić M, et al. Autonomic dysfunction in clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;127(1):864–869.
  • Habek M, Crnošija L, Lovrić M, et al. Sympathetic cardiovascular and sudomotor functions are frequently affected in early multiple sclerosis. Clin Auton Res. 2016 Dec;26(6):385–393.
  • Acevedo AR, Nava C, Arriada N, et al. Cardiovascular dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2000;101(2):85–88.
  • Adamec I, Bach I, Barušić AK, et al. Assessment of prevalence and pathological response to orthostatic provocation in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci. 2013;324(1–2):80–83.
  • Flachenecker P, Wolf A, Krauser M, et al. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: correlation with orthostatic intolerance. J Neurol. 1999;246(7):578–586.
  • Freeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB, et al. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome. Clin Auton Res. 2011;21(2):69–72.
  • Adamec I, Lovrić M, Zaper D, et al. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome associated with multiple sclerosis. Auton Neurosci. 2013;173(1–2):65–68.
  • Kanjwal K, Karabin B, Kanjwal Y, et al. Autonomic dysfunction presenting as postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in patients with multiple sclerosis. Int J Med Sci. 2010;7:62–67.
  • Hilz MJ, Dütsch M, Perrine K, et al. Hemispheric influence on autonomic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity. Ann Neurol. 2001 May;49(5):575–584.
  • Keselbrener L, Akselrod S, Ahiron A, et al. Is fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis related to autonomic dysfunction? Clin Auton Res. 2000;10(4):169–175.
  • Krbot Skorić M, Crnošija L, Adamec I, et al. Autonomic symptom burden is an independent contributor to multiple sclerosis related fatigue. Clin Auton Res. 2019 Jun;29(3):321–328.
  • Mol A, Bui Hoang PTS, Sharmin S, et al. Orthostatic hypotension and falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019 May;20(5):589–597.e5.
  • Nilsagård Y, Gunn H, Freeman J, et al. Falls in people with MS–an individual data meta-analysis from studies from Australia, Sweden, United Kingdom and the United States. Mult Scler. 2015 Jan;21(1):92–100.
  • Zanotto T, Hernandez ME, Medrano CN, et al. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and falls in people with multiple sclerosis: is there a link? An opinion article. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:610917.
  • Habek M, Crnošija L, Gabelić T, et al. Longitudinal assessment of autonomic nervous system in patients with first demyelinating event suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol. 2019 Nov;26(11):1377–1383.
  • Foschi M, Giannini G, Merli E, et al. Frequency and characteristics of dysautonomic symptoms in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional double-center study with the validated Italian version of the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31. Neurol Sci. 2021 Apr;42(4):1395–1403.
  • Adamec I, Crnošija L, Junaković A, et al. Progressive multiple sclerosis patients have a higher burden of autonomic dysfunction compared to relapsing remitting phenotype. Clin Neurophysiol. 2018 Aug;129(8):1588–1594.
  • Krbot Skorić M, Crnošija L, Gabelić T, et al. Autonomic symptom burden can predict disease activity in early multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Feb;28:250–255.
  • Habek M, Krbot Skorić M, Crnošija L, et al. Postural orthostatic tachycardia predicts early conversion to multiple sclerosis after clinically isolated syndrome. Eur Neurol. 2017;77(5–6):253–257.
  • Sörös P, Hachinski V. Cardiovascular and neurological causes of sudden death after ischaemic stroke. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(2):179–188.
  • Juric S, Mismas A, Mihic N, et al. Newly onset sinus bradycardia in context of multiple sclerosis relapse. InternMed. 2012;51:1121–1124.
  • Chagnac Y, Martinovits G, Tadmor R, et al. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation associated with an attack of multiple sclerosis. Postgrad Med J. 1986;62(727):385–387.
  • Midaglia L, Juega Mariño JM, Sastre-Garriga J, et al. An uncommon first manifestation of multiple sclerosis: tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy. Mult Scler. 2016;22(6):842–846.
  • Rapp D, Keßler M, Pinkhardt E, et al. Stress cardiomyopathy associated with the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis: a case report. BMC Neurol. 2020 Jun 4;20(1):227.
  • Pavičić T, Ruška B, Adamec I, et al. Recurrent atrial fibrillation after pulse corticosteroid treatment for a relapse of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Jul;32:30–32.
  • Jeffery DR, Markowitz CE, Reder AT, et al. Fingolimod for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011;11(2):165–183.
  • Hilz M, Wang R, Canavese F, et al. Fingolimod seems to dampen cardiac autonomic modulation at the cardiac but not the central level. Neurology. 2016 Apr;86(16 Supplement): P5.119.
  • Habek M, Crnošija L, Junaković A, et al. Autonomic nervous system abnormalities predict cardiovascular changes after initiation of siponimod in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Feb;132(2):581–585.
  • Benditt DG, Nguyen JT. Syncope: therapeutic approaches. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(19):1741–1751.
  • Brignole M, Croci F, Menozzi C, et al. Isometric arm counter-pressure maneuvers to abort impending vasovagal syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Dec 4;40(11):2053–2059.
  • Krediet CT, van Dijk N, Linzer M, et al. Management of vasovagal syncope: controlling or aborting faints by leg crossing and muscle tensing. Circulation. 2002 Sep 24;106(13):1684–1689.
  • Palma JA, Kaufmann H. Treatment of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. Mov Disord. 2018;33(3):372–390.
  • Tepavcevic DK, Kostic J, Basuroski ID, et al. The impact of sexual dysfunction on the quality of life measured by MSQoL-54 in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2008 Sep;14(8):1131–1136.
  • Abdi F, Kashani ZA, Pakzad R, et al. Urinary disorders and sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Sexual Health. 2020;32(3):312–330.
  • Guo ZN, He SY, Zhang HL, et al. Multiple sclerosis and sexual dysfunction. Asian J Androl. 2012 Jul;14(4):530–535.
  • Zorzon M, Zivadinov R, Bosco A, et al. Sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. I. Frequency and comparison of groups. Mult Scler. 1999 Dec;5(6):418–427.
  • Demirkiran M, Sarica Y, Uguz S, et al. Multiple sclerosis patients with and without sexual dysfunction: are there any differences? Mult Scler. 2006 Apr;12(2):209–214.
  • Schmidt EZ, Hofmann P, Niederwieser G, et al. Sexuality in multiple sclerosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2005 Sep;112(9):1201–1211.
  • Fowler CJ, Miller JR, Sharief MK, et al. A double blind, randomised study of sildenafil citrate for erectile dysfunction in men with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 May;76(5):700–705.
  • Dasgupta R, Wiseman OJ, Kanabar G, et al. Efficacy of sildenafil in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction due to multiple sclerosis. J Urol. 2004 Mar;171(3):1189–1193. discussion 1193.
  • DasGupta R, Fowler CJ. Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: management strategies. Drugs. 2003;63(2):153–166.
  • Blackmore DE, Hart SL, Albiani JJ, et al. Improvements in partner support predict sexual satisfaction among individuals with multiple sclerosis. Rehabil Psychol. 2011 May;56(2):117–122.
  • Panicker JN, Fowler CJ. The bare essentials: uro-neurology. Pract Neurol. 2010 Jun;10(3):178–185.
  • Haensch CA, Jörg J. Autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol. 2006 Feb;253(Suppl 1):I3–9.
  • Tapia CI, Khalaf K, Berenson K, et al. Health-related quality of life and economic impact of urinary incontinence due to detrusor overactivity associated with a neurologic condition: a systematic review. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013 Jan;31(11):13.
  • Thompson AJ, Toosy AT, Ciccarelli O. Pharmacological management of symptoms in multiple sclerosis: current approaches and future directions. Lancet Neurol. 2010 Dec;9(12):1182–1199.
  • Kalsi V, Fowler CJ. Therapy Insight: bladder dysfunction associated with multiple sclerosis. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2005 Oct;2(10):492–501.
  • Nakipoglu GF, Kaya AZ, Orhan G, et al. Urinary dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci. 2009 Oct;16(10):1321–1324.
  • Lúcio AC, Perissinoto MC, Natalin RA, et al. A comparative study of pelvic floor muscle training in women with multiple sclerosis: its impact on lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(9):1563–1568.
  • Fowler CJ, Panicker JN, Drake M, et al. A UK consensus on the management of the bladder in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 May;80(5):470–477.
  • Cruce R, Vosoughi R, Freedman MS. Cognitive impact of anticholinergic medication in MS: adding insult to injury? Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2012 Oct;1(4):156–161.
  • Wagg A, Nitti VW, Kelleher C, et al. Oral pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder in older patients: mirabegron as a potential alternative to antimuscarinics. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(4):621–638.
  • Bosma R, Wynia K, Havlíková E, et al. Efficacy of desmopressin in patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from bladder dysfunction: a meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2005 Jul;112(1):1–5.
  • Habek M, Karni A, Balash Y, et al. The place of the botulinum toxin in the management of multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2010 Sep;112(7):592–596.
  • Metz LM, McGuinness SD, Harris C. Urinary tract infections may trigger relapse in multiple sclerosis. Axone. 1998 Jun;19(4):67–70.
  • Redelings MD, McCoy L, Sorvillo F. Multiple sclerosis mortality and patterns of comorbidity in the United States from 1990 to 2001. Neuroepidemiology. 2006;26(2):102–107.
  • Morton SC, Shekelle PG, Adams JL, et al. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for urinary tract infection in persons with spinal cord dysfunction. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 Jan;83(1):129–138.
  • Saari A, Tolonen U, Pääkkö E, et al. Sweating impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2009 Nov;120(5):358–363.
  • Khan A, Kamran S, Ponirakis G, et al. Peripheral neuropathy in patients with multiple sclerosis. PLoS One. 2018 Mar 7;13(3):e0193270.
  • Davis SL, Wilson TE, Vener JM, et al. Pilocarpine-induced sweat gland function in individuals with multiple sclerosis. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 May;98(5):1740–1744.
  • Novak P. Quantitative autonomic testing. J Vis Exp. 2011 Jul;19(53):2502.
  • Jende JME, Hauck GH, Diem R, et al. Peripheral nerve involvement in multiple sclerosis: demonstration by magnetic resonance neurography. Ann Neurol. 2017 Nov;82(5):676–685.
  • Guthrie TC, Nelson DA. Influence of temperature changes on multiple sclerosis: critical review of mechanisms and research potential. J Neurol Sci. 1995 Mar;129(1):1–8.
  • Kaltsatou A, Flouris AD. Impact of pre-cooling therapy on the physical performance and functional capacity of multiple sclerosis patients: a systematic review. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 Jan;27:419–423.
  • Coon EA, Cheshire WP Jr. Sweating disorders. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2020 Feb;26(1):116–137.
  • Sirbu CA, Mezei RM, Falup-Pecurariu C, et al. Autonomic dysfunctions in multiple sclerosis: challenges of clinical practice (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2020 Dec;20(6):196.
  • Kohm AP, Sanders VM. Norepinephrine and beta 2-adrenergic receptor stimulation regulate CD4+ T and B lymphocyte function in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacol Rev. 2001 Dec;53(4):487–525.
  • Sternberg Z. Impaired neurovisceral integration of cardiovascular modulation contributes to multiple sclerosis morbidities. Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Jan;54(1):362–374.
  • Habek M. Immune and autonomic nervous system interactions in multiple sclerosis: clinical implications. Clin Auton Res. 2019 Jun;29(3):267–275.
  • Tracey KJ. Reflex control of immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(6):418–428.
  • Hauser SL, Bar-Or A, Comi G, et al. OPERA I and OPERA II clinical investigators. Ocrelizumab versus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jan 19;376(3):221–234.
  • Khoury SJ, Healy BC, Kivisäkk P, et al. A randomized controlled double-masked trial of albuterol add-on therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol. 2010;67(9):1055–1061.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.