467
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Cancer-related cognitive impairment: current perspectives on the management of cognitive changes following cancer treatment

, , , &
Pages 249-268 | Received 04 Oct 2022, Accepted 01 Mar 2023, Published online: 23 Mar 2023

References

  • Bolton G, Isaacs A. Women’s experiences of cancer-related cognitive impairment, its impact on daily life and care received for it following treatment for breast cancer. Psychol Health Med. 2018;23(10):1261–1274.
  • Wefel JS, Lenzi R, Theriault RL, et al. The cognitive sequelae of standard-dose adjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast carcinoma: results of a prospective, randomized, longitudinal trial. Cancer. 2004;100(11):2292–2299.
  • Janelsins MC, Heckler CE, Peppone LJ, et al. Longitudinal trajectory and characterization of cancer-related cognitive impairment in a nationwide cohort study. J clin oncol. 2018;36(32):3231–3239.
  • Horowitz TS, Suls J, Treviño MA. Call for a neuroscience approach to cancer-related cognitive impairment. Trends Neurosci. 2018;41(8):493–496.
  • Bray VJ, Dhillon HM, Vardy JL. Systematic review of self-reported cognitive function in cancer patients following chemotherapy treatment. J Cancer Surviv. 2018;12(4):537–559.
  • Reuter-Lorenz PA, Cimprich B. Cognitive function and breast cancer: promise and potential insights from functional brain imaging. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013;137(1):33–43.
  • Hutchinson AD, Hosking JR, Kichenadasse G, et al. Objective and subjective cognitive impairment following chemotherapy for cancer: a systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev. 2012;38(7):926–934.
  • Lange M, Arbogast SL, Hardy-Léger I, et al. Cognitive change in breast cancer patients up to 2 years after diagnosis. JNCI. 2022;djac240.
  • Lange M, Hardy-Léger I, Licaj I, et al. Cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer before surgery: results from a CANTO cohort subgroup. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020;29(9):1759–1766.
  • Ahles TA, Saykin AJ, McDonald BC, et al. Cognitive function in breast cancer patients prior to adjuvant treatment. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008;110(1):143–152.
  • Jansen CE, Cooper BA, Dodd MJ, et al. A prospective longitudinal study of chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes in breast cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2011;19(10):1647–1656.
  • Janelsins MC, Heckler CE, Peppone LJ, et al. Cognitive complaints in survivors of breast cancer after chemotherapy compared with age-matched controls: an analysis from a nationwide, multicenter, prospective longitudinal study. J clin oncol. 2017;35(5):506–514.
  • Lange M, Licaj I, Clarisse B, et al. Cognitive complaints in cancer survivors and expectations for support: results from a web–based survey. Cancer Med. 2019;8(5):2654–2663.
  • Koppelmans V, Breteler MMB, Boogerd W, et al. Neuropsychological performance in survivors of breast cancer more than 20 years after adjuvant chemotherapy. J clin oncol. 2012;30(10):1080–1086.
  • de Ruiter MB, Reneman L, Boogerd W, et al. Cerebral hyporesponsiveness and cognitive impairment 10 years after chemotherapy for breast cancer. Hum Brain Mapp. 2011;32(8):1206–1219.
  • Lange M, Joly F. How to identify and manage cognitive dysfunction after breast cancer treatment. J Oncol Pract. 2017;13(12):784–790.
  • Boscher C, Joly F, Clarisse B, et al. Perceived cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors and its relationships with psychological factors. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(10):3000.
  • Castel H, Denouel A, Lange M, et al. Biomarkers associated with cognitive impairment in treated cancer patients: potential predisposition and risk factors. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:1–19.
  • Duivon M, Giffard B, Desgranges B, et al. Are sleep complaints related to cognitive functioning in non-central nervous system cancer? A systematic review. Neuropsychol Rev. [Internet]. 2021;32(3):483–505.
  • Bender C, Merriman J, Sereika S, et al. Trajectories of cognitive function and associated phenotypic and genotypic factors in breast cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2018;45(3):308–326.
  • Ehrenstein JK, van Zon SKR, Duijts SFA, et al. Trajectories of cognitive symptoms and associated factors in cancer survivors after return to work: an 18-month longitudinal cohort study. J Cancer Survivorship. [Internet]. 2022.
  • Mandelblatt JS, Clapp JD, Luta G, et al. Long-term trajectories of self-reported cognitive function in a cohort of older survivors of breast cancer: CALGB 369901 (Alliance). Cancer. 2016;122(22):3555–3563.
  • Ng T, Dorajoo SR, Cheung YT, et al. Distinct and heterogeneous trajectories of self-perceived cognitive impairment among Asian breast cancer survivors. Psychooncology. 2018;27(4):1185–1192.
  • Tan CJ, Yip SYC, Chan RJ, et al. Investigating how cancer-related symptoms influence work outcomes among cancer survivors: a systematic review. J Cancer Survivorship. [Internet]. 2021; Available from;16(5):1065–1078.
  • Dos Santos M, Lange M, Gervais R, et al. Impact of anxio-depressive symptoms and cognitive function on oral anticancer therapies adherence. Support Care Cancer. 2019;27(9):3573–3581.
  • Mislang AR, Wildes TM, Kanesvaran R, et al. Adherence to oral cancer therapy in older adults: the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) taskforce recommendations. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017;57:58–66.
  • Survivorship Care for Cancer-Related Late and Long-Term Effects [Internet]. NCCN.org. 2020 [Cited 2022 May 31]. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/content/PDF/survivorship-crl-patient.pdf.
  • Cognitive Impairment in Adults with Non−Central Nervous System Cancers (PDQ®)–Patient Version - NCI [Internet]. cancer.gov. 2018 [Cited 2022 May 31]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/memory/cognitive-impairment-pdq.
  • Troubles cognitifs et cancer (hors tumeur du SNC) [Internet]. afsos.org. Available from: https://www.afsos.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Troubles-cognitifs-et-cancer_AFSOS.pdf.
  • esmo-patient-guide-survivorship.pdf [Internet]. [ cited 2022 May 31]. Available from: https://www.esmo.org/content/download/117593/2061518/file/esmo-patient-guide-survivorship.pdf.
  • Smidt K, Mackenzie L, Dhillon H, et al. The perceptions of Australian oncologists about cognitive changes in cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer. 2016;24(11):4679–4687.
  • Guide: Practices and recommendations for the management of cognitive impairements after cancer.pdf [Internet]. ipaac.eu. [ Cited 2022 May 31]. Available from: https://www.ipaac.eu/res/file/outputs/wp4/practices-recommendations-cancer-cognitive-impairements.pdf.
  • Lange M, Joly F, Vardy J, et al. Cancer-related cognitive impairment: an update on state of the art, detection, and management strategies in cancer survivors. Ann Oncol. 2019;30(12):1925–1940.
  • Cantarero-Villanueva I, Fernández-Lao C, Cuesta-Vargas AI, et al. The effectiveness of a deep water aquatic exercise program in cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(2):221–230.
  • Buffart LM, Newton RU, Chinapaw MJ, et al. The effect, moderators, and mediators of resistance and aerobic exercise on health-related quality of life in older long-term survivors of prostate cancer. Cancer. 2015;121(16):2821–2830.
  • Schmidt ME, Wiskemann J, Armbrust P, et al. Effects of resistance exercise on fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial: effects of resistance exercise on fatigue. Int J Cancer. 2015;137(2):471–480.
  • Mijwel S, Backman M, Bolam KA, et al. Adding high-intensity interval training to conventional training modalities: optimizing health-related outcomes during chemotherapy for breast cancer: the OptiTrain randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;168(1):79–93.
  • Saarto T, Penttinen HM, Sievänen H, et al. Effectiveness of a 12-month exercise program on physical performance and quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Anticancer Res. 2012;32(9):3875–3884.
  • Carayol M, Ninot G, Senesse P, et al. Short- and long-term impact of adapted physical activity and diet counseling during adjuvant breast cancer therapy: the “aPAD1” randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):1–20.
  • Clare L, Woods RT. Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease: a review. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2004;14(4):385–401.
  • Fernandes HA, Richard NM, Edelstein K. Cognitive rehabilitation for cancer-related cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer. 2019;27(9):3253–3279.
  • Binarelli G, Joly F, Tron L, et al. Management of cancer-related cognitive impairment: a systematic review of computerized cognitive stimulation and computerized physical activity. Cancers (Basel). 2021;14(1):13.
  • Cheng ASK, Wang X, Niu N, et al. Neuropsychological interventions for cancer-related cognitive impairment: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Neuropsychol Rev. Internet]. 2022; Available from;32(4):893–905.
  • Dos Santos M, Hardy-Léger I, Rigal O, et al. Cognitive rehabilitation program to improve cognition of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy: {A} 3-arm randomized trial. Cancer. 2020;126(24):5328–5336.
  • Damholdt MF, Mehlsen M, O’Toole MS, et al. Web-based cognitive training for breast cancer survivors with cognitive complaints—a randomized controlled trial. Psychooncology. 2016;25(11):1293–1300.
  • Bray VJ, Dhillon HM, Bell ML, et al. Evaluation of a web-based cognitive rehabilitation program in cancer survivors reporting cognitive symptoms after chemotherapy. J clin oncol. 2017;35(2):217–225.
  • Vergani L, Marton G, Pizzoli SFM, et al. Training cognitive functions using mobile apps in breast cancer patients: systematic review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019;7(3):1–14.
  • Bellens A, Roelant E, Sabbe B, et al. A video-game based cognitive training for breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment: a prospective randomized pilot trial. Breast. 2020;53:23–32.
  • Kim Y, Kang SJ. Computerized programs for cancer survivors with cognitive problems: a systematic review. J Cancer Survivorship. 2019;13(6):911–920.
  • Meneses K, Benz R, Bail JR, et al. Speed of processing training in middle-aged and older breast cancer survivors (SOAR): results of a randomized controlled pilot. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;168(1):259–267.
  • Wu LM, Amidi A, Tanenbaum ML, et al. Computerized cognitive training in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy: a pilot study. Support Care Cancer. 2018;26(6):1917–1926.
  • Von Ah D, Carpenter JS, Saykin A, et al. Advanced cognitive training for breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;135(3):799–809.
  • Myers JS, Cook-Wiens G, Baynes R, et al. Emerging from the haze: a multicenter, controlled pilot study of a multidimensional, psychoeducation-based cognitive rehabilitation intervention for breast cancer survivors delivered with telehealth conferencing. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2020;101(6):948–959.
  • Man DW, Chung JC, Lee GY. Evaluation of a virtual reality‐based memory training programme for Hong Kong Chinese older adults with questionable dementia: a pilot study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012;27(5):513–520.
  • Manera V, Chapoulie E, Bourgeois J, et al. A feasibility study with image-based rendered virtual reality in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Chao L, editor. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(3):e0151487.
  • Optale G, Urgesi C, Busato V, et al. Controlling memory impairment in elderly adults using virtual reality memory training: a randomized controlled pilot study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2010;24(4):348–357.
  • Moreno A, Wall KJ, Thangavelu K, et al. A systematic review of the use of virtual reality and its effects on cognition in individuals with neurocognitive disorders. Alzheimers Dementia. 2019;5:834–850.
  • Yang S, Chun MH, Son YR. Effect of virtual reality on cognitive dysfunction in patients with brain tumor. Ann Rehabil Med. 2014;38(6):726.
  • Zeng Y, Zhang J-E, Cheng ASK, et al. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of virtual reality–based interventions in cancer-related symptom management. Integr Cancer Ther. 2019;18:1534735419871108.
  • Bernstein LJ, McCreath GA, Nyhof-Young J, et al. A brief psychoeducational intervention improves memory contentment in breast cancer survivors with cognitive concerns: results of a single-arm prospective study. Support Care Cancer. 2018;26(8):2851–2859.
  • Wolf TJ, Doherty M, Kallogjeri D, et al. The feasibility of using metacognitive strategy training to improve cognitive performance and neural connectivity in women with chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment. Oncology. 2016;91(3):143–152.
  • Ercoli LM, Petersen L, Hunter AM, et al. Cognitive rehabilitation group intervention for breast cancer survivors: results of a randomized clinical trial: cognitive rehabilitation intervention for breast cancer survivors. Psychooncology. 2015;24(11):1360–1367.
  • King S, Green HJ, Reuter-Lorenz PA, et al. Psychological intervention for improving cognitive function in cancer survivors: a literature review and randomized controlled trial. Front Oncol. 2015;5:72.
  • Schuurs A, Green HJ. A feasibility study of group cognitive rehabilitation for cancer survivors: enhancing cognitive function and quality of life. Psychooncology. 2013;22(5):1043–1049.
  • Mihuta ME, Green HJ, Shum DHK. Web-based cognitive rehabilitation for survivors of adult cancer: a randomised controlled trial. Psychooncology. 2018;27(4):1172–1179.
  • Ferguson RJ, McDonald BC, Rocque MA, et al. Development of CBT for chemotherapy-related cognitive change: results of a waitlist control trial. Psychooncology. 2012;21(2):176–186.
  • Ferguson RJ, Sigmon S,TR, Pritchard AJ, et al. A randomized trial of videoconference-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for survivors of breast cancer with self-reported cognitive dysfunction. Cancer. 2016;122(11):1782–1791.
  • World Health Organization. Physical activity [Internet]. [ Cited 2022 Jul 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity.
  • Shin W, Kyoung, Song S, Jung SY, et al. The association between physical activity and health-related quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):1–9.
  • Azevedo Da Silva M, Singh-Manoux A, Brunner EJ, et al. Bidirectional association between physical activity and symptoms of anxiety and depression: the Whitehall II study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2012;27(7):537–546.
  • Salerno EA, Culakova E, Kleckner AS, et al. Physical activity patterns and relationships with cognitive function in patients with breast cancer before, during, and after chemotherapy in a prospective, nationwide study. J clin oncol. 2021;39(29):3283–3292.
  • Koevoets EW, Schagen SB, de Ruiter MB, et al. Effect of physical exercise on cognitive function after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial (PAM study). Breast Cancer Res. 2022;24(1):36.
  • Campbell KL, Zadravec K, Bland KA, et al. The effect of exercise on cancer-related cognitive impairment and applications for physical therapy: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Phys Ther. 2020;100(3):523–542.
  • Miki E, Kataoka T, Okamura H. Feasibility and efficacy of speed-feedback therapy with a bicycle ergometer on cognitive function in elderly cancer patients in Japan. Psychooncology. 2014;23(8):906–913.
  • Galiano-Castillo N, Arroyo-Morales M, Lozano-Lozano M, et al. Effect of an internet-based telehealth system on functional capacity and cognition in breast cancer survivors: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2017;25(11):3551–3559.
  • Campbell KL, Kam JWY, Neil-Sztramko SE, et al. Effect of aerobic exercise on cancer-associated cognitive impairment: {A} proof-of-concept {RCT}. Psychooncology. 2018;27(1):53–60.
  • Hartman SJ, Nelson SH, Myers E, et al. Randomized controlled trial of increasing physical activity on objectively measured and self-reported cognitive functioning among breast cancer survivors: the memory & motion study. Cancer. 2018;124(1):192–202.
  • Gokal K, Munir F, Ahmed S, et al. Does walking protect against decline in cognitive functioning among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy? Results from a small randomised controlled trial. PLoS ONE. 2018;13:1–23.
  • Haberlin C, O’Dwyer T, Mockler D, et al. The use of eHealth to promote physical activity in cancer survivors: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer. 2018;26(10):3323–3336.
  • Definition of mind-body practice - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms - NCI [Internet]. [ cited 2022 Jun 3]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/mind-body-practice.
  • Duan L, Xu Y, Li M. Effects of mind-body exercise in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020:7607161.
  • Milbury K, Chaoul A, Biegler K, et al. Tibetan sound meditation for cognitive dysfunction: results of a randomized controlled pilot trial. Psychooncology. 2013;22(10):2354–2363.
  • Reich RR, Lengacher CA, Alinat CB, et al. Mindfulness-based stress reduction in post-treatment breast cancer patients: immediate and sustained effects across multiple symptom clusters. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017;53(1):85–95.
  • Henneghan AM, Becker H, Harrison ML, et al. A randomized control trial of meditation compared to music listening to improve cognitive function for breast cancer survivors: feasibility and acceptability. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;41.
  • Henneghan AM, Fico BG, Wright ML, et al. Effects of meditation compared to music listening on biomarkers in breast cancer survivors with cognitive complaints: secondary outcomes of a pilot randomized control trial. Explore. 2022;18(6):657–662.
  • Myers JS, Mitchell M, Krigel S, et al. Qigong intervention for breast cancer survivors with complaints of decreased cognitive function. Support Care Cancer. 2019;27(4):1395–1403.
  • Johns SA, Von Ah D, Brown LF, et al. Randomized controlled pilot trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction for breast and colorectal cancer survivors: effects on cancer-related cognitive impairment. J Cancer Survivorship. 2016;10(3):437–448.
  • Derry HM, Jaremka LM, Bennett JM, et al. Yoga and self-reported cognitive problems in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Psychooncology. 2015;24(8):958–966.
  • Oh B, Butow PN, Mullan BA, et al. Effect of medical Qigong on cognitive function, quality of life, and a biomarker of inflammation in cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(6):1235–1242.
  • Van der Gucht K, Ahmadoun S, Melis M, et al. Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on cancer-related cognitive impairment: results of a randomized controlled functional magnetic resonance imaging pilot study. Cancer. 2020;126(18):4246–4255.
  • Vadiraja H, Rao MR, Nagarathna R, et al. Effects of yoga program on quality of life and affect in early breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2009;17(5–6):274–280.
  • Speca M, Carlson LE, Goodey E, et al. A randomized, wait-list controlled clinical trial: the effect of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients. Psychosom Med. 2000;62(5):613–622.
  • Hoffman CJ, Ersser SJ, Hopkinson JB, et al. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction in mood, breast-and endocrine-related quality of life, and well-being in stage 0 to III breast cancer: a randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(12):1335–1342.
  • Shapiro SL, Bootzin RR, Figueredo AJ, et al. The efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction in the treatment of sleep disturbance in women with breast cancer: an exploratory study. J Psychosom Res. 2003;54(1):85–91.
  • Stafford L, Foley E, Judd F, et al. Mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy for women with breast and gynecologic cancer: a pilot study to determine effectiveness and feasibility. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21(11):3009–3019.
  • Duval A, Davis GC, Khoo E-L, et al. Mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive function among breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer. 2022;128(13):2520–2528.
  • Bamidis PD, Vivas AB, Styliadis C, et al. A review of physical and cognitive interventions in aging. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;44:206–220.
  • Janelsins MC, Peppone LJ, Heckler CE, et al. YOCAS©® yoga reduces self-reported memory difficulty in cancer survivors in a nationwide randomized clinical trial: investigating relationships between memory and sleep. Integr Cancer Ther. 2016;15(3):263–271.
  • Larkey LK, Roe DJ, Smith L, et al. Exploratory outcome assessment of Qigong/Tai Chi Easy on breast cancer survivors. Complement Ther Med. 2016;29:196–203.
  • Reid-Arndt SA, Cox CR. Stress, coping and cognitive deficits in women after surgery for breast cancer. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2012;19(2):127–137.
  • Curlik DM, Shors TJ. Training your brain: do mental and physical (MAP) training enhance cognition through the process of neurogenesis in the hippocampus? Neuropharmacology. 2013;64:506–514.
  • Fissler P, Küster O, Schlee W, et al. Novelty interventions to enhance broad cognitive abilities and prevent dementia. In: Merzenich M, Nahum M, Van Vleet T, editor. Progress in brain research. Elsevier; 2013; vol. 207, p. 403–434.
  • Peterson BM, Johnson C, Case KR, et al. Feasibility of a combined aerobic and cognitive training intervention on cognitive function in cancer survivors: a pilot investigation. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2018;4(1):1–11.
  • Binarelli G, Lange M, Dos Santos M, et al. Multimodal web-based intervention for cancer-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients: cog-stim feasibility study protocol. Cancers. 2021;13(19):4868.
  • Leclerc AF, Slomian J, Jerusalem G, et al. Exercise and education program after breast cancer: benefits on quality of life and symptoms at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months’ follow-up. Clin Breast Cancer. 2018;18(5):e1189–e1204.
  • Cherrier MM, Anderson K, David D, et al. A randomized trial of cognitive rehabilitation in cancer survivors. Life Sci. 2013;93(17):617–622.
  • Franzoi MA, Agostinetto E, Perachino M, et al. Evidence-based approaches for the management of side-effects of adjuvant endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(7):e303–e313.
  • Liou KT, Root JC, Garl, et al. Effects of acupuncture versus cognitive behavioral therapy on cognitive function in cancer survivors with insomnia: {A} secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Cancer. 2020;126(13):3042–3052.
  • Tong T, Pei C, Chen J, et al. Efficacy of acupuncture therapy for chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:2919–2927.
  • Goedendorp MM, Knoop H, Gielissen MFM, et al. The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for postcancer fatigue on perceived cognitive disabilities and neuropsychological test performance. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2014;47(1):35–44.
  • Ding K, Zhang X, Zhao J, et al. Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) intervention on chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors. Integr Cancer Ther. 2020; vol. 19. p. 1–10.
  • Huang Z, Shi Y, Bao P, et al. Associations of dietary intake and supplement use with post-therapy cognitive recovery in breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;171(1):189–198.
  • Coro DG, Hutchinson A, Dahlenburg S, et al. The relationship between diet and cognitive function in adult cancer survivors: a systematic review. J Cancer Survivorship. 2019;13(5):773–791.
  • He S, Lim CYS, Dhillon HM, et al. Australian oncology health professionals’ knowledge, perceptions, and clinical practice related to cancer-related cognitive impairment and utility of a factsheet. Support Care Cancer. 2022;30(6):4729–4738.
  • Von Ah D, Storey S, Crouch A. Relationship between self-reported cognitive function and work-related outcomes in breast cancer survivors. J Cancer Survivorship. 2018;12(2):246–255.
  • Smith JD, Hasan M. Quantitative approaches for the evaluation of implementation research studies. Psychiatry Res. 2020;283:112521.
  • Proctor E, Silmere H, Raghavan R, et al. Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research Agenda. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011;38(2):65–76.
  • Coro DG, Hutchinson AD, Dyer KA, et al. ‘Food for thought’—the relationship between diet and cognition in breast and colorectal cancer survivors: a feasibility study. Nutrients. 2022;14:1–22.
  • Kesler S, Hadi Hosseini SM, Heckler C, et al. Cognitive training for improving executive function in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer survivors. Clin Breast Cancer. 2013;13:299–306.
  • Northey JM, Pumpa KL, Quinlan C, et al. Cognition in breast cancer survivors: a pilot study of interval and continuous exercise. J Sci Med Sport. 2019;22(5):580–585.
  • Boot W R, Simons D J, Stothart C, et al. The Pervasive Problem With Placebos in Psychology. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2013;8(4):445–454.
  • Foroughi C K, Monfort S S, Paczynski M, et al. Placebo effects in cognitive training. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113(27):7470–7474.
  • Olsson Möller U, Beck I, Rydén L, et al. A comprehensive approach to rehabilitation interventions following breast cancer treatment - a systematic review of systematic reviews. BMC Cancer. 2019;19(1):472.
  • Wefel JS, Vardy J, Ahles T, et al. International cognition and cancer task force recommendations to harmonise studies of cognitive function in patients with cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(7):703–708.
  • Wagner LI, Sweet J, Butt Z, et al. Measuring patient self-reported cognitive function: development of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-cognitive function instrument. J Support Oncol. 2009;7:W32–W39.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.